亚适宜温光环境下不同硝铵比营养液对黄瓜幼苗生长、氮吸收和代谢的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201608.029

应用生态学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (8): 2527-2534.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201608.029

亚适宜温光环境下不同硝铵比营养液对黄瓜幼苗生长、氮吸收和代谢的影响

张小翠¹, 刘玉梅², 白龙强¹, 贺超兴¹, 于贤昌¹, 李衍素^1*

¹中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所, 北京 100081;
²菏泽学院园林工程系, 山东菏泽 274000

收稿日期:2016-01-12 发布日期:2016-08-18
通讯作者: * E-mail: liyansu@caas.cn
作者简介:张小翠,女,1991年生,硕士研究生.主要从事设施蔬菜栽培生理与分子生物学研究.E-mail:zhangxiao_cui2008@163.com
基金资助:
本文由国家自然科学基金项目(31101583,31272212)、现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-25-C-01)、中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS)、公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203005)和农业部园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室项目资助

Effects of different NO₃^--N/NH₄⁺-N ratios on cucumber seedlings growth, nitrogen absorption and metabolism under suboptimal temperature and light intensity

ZHANG Xiao-cui¹, LIU Yu-mei², BAI Long-qiang¹, HE Chao-xing¹, YU Xian-chang¹, LI Yan-su^1*

¹Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
²Department of Landscape Engineering, Heze University, Heze 274000, Shandong, China

Received:2016-01-12 Published:2016-08-18
Contact: * E-mail: liyansu@caas.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31101583,31272212), Special Fund for China Morden Agriculture Technology Construction System (CARS-25-C-01), the Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS), The Special Public Welfare Industry (Agriculture) Research Project (201203005) and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以‘中农26’黄瓜为试材,研究亚适宜温光(18 ℃/10 ℃,180±20 μmol·m^-2·s^-1)下不同硝铵比(26:2、21:7和14:14)营养液对黄瓜幼苗生长和生理特性的影响.结果表明:硝铵比为21:7处理的黄瓜总根长最长、根体积和根表面积最大、根尖数最多;根中H⁺-ATPase活性最高;硝态氮转运蛋白(NRT)和铵转运蛋白(AMT)基因表达量也升高,提高了根系的氮吸收能力;叶中硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)和谷氨酸合酶(GOGAT)活性较高,提高了体内氮代谢能力,使黄瓜氮含量和干物质积累显著增加.亚适宜温光下,营养液中硝铵比为21:7时,黄瓜幼苗干质量分别比26:2和14:14处理增加14.0%和19.3%.亚适宜温光下,可通过调整营养液中硝铵比,提高黄瓜氮吸收与代谢能力,缓解亚适宜温光对黄瓜幼苗的不利影响,促进黄瓜生长.

Abstract: Cucumber (cv. Zhongnong 26) was used as material, the effects of NO₃^--N/NH₄⁺-N ratios on growth and physiological characteristics of cucumber seedlings under suboptimal temperature and light intensity (18 ℃/10 ℃,180 ± 20 μmol·m^-2·s^-1) were studied. Total nitrogen in the nutrient solution was equal and three NO₃^--N/NH₄⁺-N ratios, 26:2, 21:7 and 14:14, were applied as treatments. The results showed that cucumber treated by NO₃^--N/NH₄⁺-N=21:7 had the longest total root length, the biggest root volume and root surface area, and the maximum number of root tips. H⁺-ATPase activity and relative expression of genes encoding nitrate transporter (NRT) and ammonium transporter (AMT) in cucumber roots were increased significantly by the treatment of NO₃^--N/NH₄⁺-N=21:7. In addition, nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) in cucumber leaves under the treatment of NO₃^--N/NH₄⁺-N=21:7 were higher. As a result, the nitrogen content and biomass of cucumber were significantly increased. Compared with the plants under the treatment of NO₃^--N/NH₄⁺-N=26:2 or 14:14, cucumber seedlings under the treatment of NO₃^--N/NH₄⁺-N=21:7 had the highest biomass and total dry mass (DM) which were increased by 14.0% and 19.3% respectively under suboptimal temperature and light intensity. In conclusion, under suboptimal environmental conditions, NO₃^- -N/NH₄⁺-N ratio could be adjusted to increase nitrogen absorption and metabolism of cucumber and alleviate the de-trimental effects caused by suboptimal conditions and promoted the cucumber growth.

张小翠, 刘玉梅, 白龙强, 贺超兴, 于贤昌, 李衍素. 亚适宜温光环境下不同硝铵比营养液对黄瓜幼苗生长、氮吸收和代谢的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(8): 2527-2534.

ZHANG Xiao-cui, LIU Yu-mei, BAI Long-qiang, HE Chao-xing, YU Xian-chang, LI Yan-su. Effects of different NO₃^--N/NH₄⁺-N ratios on cucumber seedlings growth, nitrogen absorption and metabolism under suboptimal temperature and light intensity[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2016, 27(8): 2527-2534.

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亚适宜温光环境下不同硝铵比营养液对黄瓜幼苗生长、氮吸收和代谢的影响

Effects of different NO₃^--N/NH₄⁺-N ratios on cucumber seedlings growth, nitrogen absorption and metabolism under suboptimal temperature and light intensity

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亚适宜温光环境下不同硝铵比营养液对黄瓜幼苗生长、氮吸收和代谢的影响

Effects of different NO3--N/NH4+-N ratios on cucumber seedlings growth, nitrogen absorption and metabolism under suboptimal temperature and light intensity

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Effects of different NO₃^--N/NH₄⁺-N ratios on cucumber seedlings growth, nitrogen absorption and metabolism under suboptimal temperature and light intensity