透光抚育对温带帽儿山红松林非生长季土壤温室气体排放的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201807.028

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 非生长季土壤温室气体排放在碳氮循环中具有重要作用,而采伐干扰对非生长季森林土壤温室气体排放具有何种影响并不明确.采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法,同步观测温带帽儿山50年生红松人工林在不同透光抚育方式下(次生林冠下栽植红松10年时设立为对照;半透光抚育: 伐除上层林木50%;全透光抚育: 伐除上层林木100%)非生长季土壤3种温室气体(CO₂、CH₄和N₂O)排放通量及其相关环境因子(土壤温度、含水量及碳氮含量等),研究采伐干扰对非生长季森林土壤温室气体排放的影响及主控因子.结果表明: 透光抚育会降低非生长季土壤CO₂、CH₄和N₂O的排放通量,全透光和半透光抚育显著降低了温带红松林非生长季土壤CO₂排放量21.0%和22.8%,并降低CH₄吸收量16.0%和16.4%,但差异不显著,全透光抚育显著降低N₂O排放量23.5%,而半透光抚育降低11.2%且差异不显著.温带红松林非生长季土壤CO₂、CH₄和N₂O的年贡献率分别为11.7%～14.2%、13.1%～17.0%和63.9%～72.6%,透光抚育降低了非生长季土壤CO₂(1.4%～2.5%)和CH₄(0.7%～3.9%)年贡献率,但提高了N₂O年贡献率(2.4%～8.7%).透光抚育增加了CO₂排放与土壤温度、含水量、硝态氮及铵态氮的相关性,降低其与有机碳的相关性,增加了CH₄排放与土壤含水量、酸碱度、有机碳和铵态氮的相关性,降低其与硝态氮的相关性,增加了N₂O排放与土壤温度相关性,降低其与硝态氮和铵态氮的相关性,改变了其与土壤酸碱度的正负相关关系.因此,透光抚育经营方式能够显著影响温带森林非生长季土壤温室气体排放,其中全透光抚育降低非生长季土壤N₂O排放能力要强于半透光抚育.

Abstract: Non-growing season soil greenhouse gas emission may play an important role in the forest ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycle. However, it is not clear about the effects of the cutting distur-bance on soil greenhouse gas emissions during non-growing season. The CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O fluxes and related environmental factors (soil temperature, water content, carbon and nitrogen, etc.) were monitored in the Korean pine plantation (fifty year-old) under different light-felling manners (control, no cutting; the half light-felling, cutting 50% of broad-leaved trees in canopy; the whole light-felling, cutting 100% of broad-leaved trees in canopy), using static chamber technique and gas chromatography during non-growing season in Maoer Mountains of China. The main aim was to reveal the influence of cutting disturbance on soil greenhouse gases emission during non-growing season and its controlling factors. The results showed that the whole and half light-felling manners significantly decreased CO₂emission flux by 21.0% and 22.8%, and N₂O by 23.5% and 11.2%, and decreased CH₄uptake by 16.0% and 16.4%. The contribution of non-growing season CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O emission to annual total was 11.7%-14.2%, 13.1%-17.0% and 63.9%-72.6%, respectively. Light-felling manners decreased annual cumulative contribution of CO₂ by 1.4%-2.5%, that of CH₄ by 0.7%-3.9%, but increased that of N₂O by 2.4%-8.7%. Furthermore, light-felling increased the correlations of soil CO₂ fluxes with soil temperature, soil water content, nitrate and ammonium, and decreased its correlation with soil organic carbon content. Light-felling increased the correlations of soil CH₄ flux with soil water content, soil pH, soil organic carbon, ammonium, and decreased its correlation with nitrate. Light-felling increased the correlations between soil N₂O flux and soil temperature, decreased the correlations with nitrate and ammonium, and changed the positive correlation with soil pH to negative. Therefore, light-felling had significant effects on the emission fluxes of the greenhouse gas during non-growing season, with the whole light-felling decreased more soil N₂O emission flux than the half light-felling.

张悦, 牟长城, 刘辉, 井立杰. 透光抚育对温带帽儿山红松林非生长季土壤温室气体排放的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(7): 2183-2194.

ZHANG Yue, MU Chang-cheng, LIU Hui, JING Li-jie. Effects of light-felling on non-growing season greenhouse gas emission from soils in Korean pine forests in Maoer Mountains, China.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(7): 2183-2194.

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