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添加玉米和水稻秸秆对淹水土壤pH、二氧化碳及交换态铵的影响

叶文培1,4;王凯荣1,2;Johnson SE3;谢小立1   

  1. 1中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 长沙 410125; 2青岛农业大学农业生态与环境健康研究所, 山东青岛 266109; 3菲律宾国际水稻研究所, 马尼拉 DAPO 7777; 4中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100039
  • 收稿日期:2007-01-29 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2008-02-21 发布日期:2008-02-21

Effects of maize and rice straw amendment on the pH, CO2, and exchangeable NH4+ of submerged soil.

YE Wen-pei1,4; WANG Kai-rong1,2; Johnson SE3; XIE Xiao-li1   

  1. 1Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; 2Institute of Agricultural Ecology and Environmental Health, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China; 3International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, DAPO 7777, the Philippines; 4Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China

  • Received:2007-01-29 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2008-02-21 Published:2008-02-21

摘要: 通过温室土壤培养试验,研究了不同添加量玉米和水稻秸秆对淹水土壤pH、CO2及交换态铵的影响.结果表明:在接近中性的土壤中加入秸秆可使土壤pH值降低,4 g·kg-1玉米和水稻秸秆处理的土壤pH值均与对照差异显著(P<0.05),而1 g·kg-1玉米和水稻秸秆处理与对照差异不显著(P>0.05).土壤溶液中的CO2含量随秸秆添加量的增加而增大,1 g·kg-1玉米和水稻秸秆处理的土壤溶液CO2含量最大值分别为35.9%和31.9%(v/v),与对照(25.8%)差异达显著水平(P<0.05),但两者间差异不显著(P>0.05);4 g·kg-1玉米和水稻秸秆处理的土壤溶液CO2含量最大值分别为54.2%和41.8%(v/v),与对照差异极显著(P<0.01),两者间差异也达显著水平(P<0.05).在不施氮肥的情况下,添加秸秆可降低土壤铵态氮浓度,且铵态氮浓度随秸秆添加量的增加而降低,不同添加量处理间差异显著(P<0.05);在施入氮肥的情况下,1 g·kg-1玉米和水稻秸秆处理提高了土壤铵态氮浓度,而4 g·kg-1玉米和水稻秸秆处理降低了土壤铵态氮浓度.无论是否施入氮肥,玉米和水稻秸秆处理的土壤铵态氮浓度差异不显著(P>0.05).

Abstract: A greenhouse incubation test was conducted to study the effects of amendment with different amounts of maize and rice straws on the soil pH, CO2, and exchangeable NH4+ under continuous flooded condition. The results showed that in a near-neutral soil, straw amendment could decrease soil pH, with a significant difference (P<0.05) between the treatments of 4 g straws·kg-1 and control (CK), but no significant difference (P>0.05) between the treatments of 1 g straws·kg-1and CK. The CO2 content in soil solution increased with increasing rate of straw amendment, with the peak value being 35.9% and 31.9% (v/v) in the treatments of 1 g maize straw·kg-1and 1 g rice straw·kg-1, respectively. These two treatments had significantly higher CO2 contents (P<0.05) than CK, but no obvious difference between themselves (P>0.05). In treatments 4 g maize straw·kg-1 and 4 g rice straw·kg-1, the peak value of CO2 content was 54.2% and 41.8% (v/v), respectively, being significantly higher than that of CK (P<0.01), and significantly different between themselves (P<0.05). Under nonN fertilization, soil NH4+N concentration decreased after straw amendment, and the increase of the amendment rate caused a further decrease of soil NH4+N concentration, with a significant difference (P<0.05) between the doses of 1 and 4 g straw·kg-1. Under N fertilization, soil NH4+N concentration increased after 1 g straw·kg-1amendment, but decreased after amendment with 4 g straw·kg-1. No significant differences were observed between maize straw and rice straw amendment regardless with or without N fertilization (P>0.05).