CO2储存通量估算方法对森林生态系统碳收支估测的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202011.004

应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 3665-3673.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202011.004

CO₂储存通量估算方法对森林生态系统碳收支估测的影响

李颖池^1,2, 刘帆^1,2, 王传宽^1,2, 高添^3,4, 王兴昌^1,2*

¹东北林业大学生态研究中心, 哈尔滨 150040;
²东北林业大学森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150040;
³中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016;
⁴科尔森林痕量气体与同位素通量监测研发联合实验室, 沈阳 110016

收稿日期:2020-06-14 接受日期:2020-08-11 出版日期:2020-11-15 发布日期:2021-06-10
通讯作者: * E-mail: xcwang_cer@nefu.edu.cn
作者简介:李颖池, 男, 1995年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事涡动协方差研究。E-mail: 1021398851@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41503071)和教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(IRT_15R09)资助

Carbon budget estimation based on different methods of CO₂ storage flux in forest ecosystems

LI Ying-chi^1,2, LIU Fan^1,2, WANG Chuan-kuan^1,2, GAO Tian^3,4, WANG Xing-chang^1,2*

¹Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
²Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
³Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
⁴CAS-CSI (Campbell Scientific Inc.) Joint Laboratory of Research and Development for Monitoring Forest Fluxes of Trace Gases and Isotope Elements, Shenyang 110016, China

Received:2020-06-14 Accepted:2020-08-11 Online:2020-11-15 Published:2021-06-10
Contact: * E-mail: xcwang_cer@nefu.edu.cn
Supported by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41503071) and the Changjiang Scholar and Innovation Team Development Plan of Ministry of Education (IRT_15R09).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 准确测定森林生态系统中CO₂储存通量(F_s)对于以涡动协方差(EC)法估算生态系统碳收支具有重要意义,而F_s不同算法引起的森林碳收支估测误差还未被全面评估。本研究利用2018年帽儿山落叶阔叶林的开路EC系统和8层CO₂/H₂O廓线系统(AP100, Campbell Scientific Inc., USA)数据,比较了2-min平均廓线(P_{2 min})、30-min平均廓线(P_{30 min})和30-min平均EC单点法(P_s)3种不同方法估算的F_s对净生态系统交换(NEE)、生态系统呼吸(R_e)和总初级生产力(GPP)估算结果的影响。结果表明: F_s估算方法对森林碳通量的影响总体上随时间尺度增大而不断增大,表明通量数据插补和拆分会进一步放大F_s估算方法的影响。在年尺度上,P_{2 min}法和P_s法的NEE分别比P_{30 min}法的低36.3%和29.4%;P_{2 min}法的R_e比P_{30 min}法和P_s法高8.7%;而P_{2 min}法的GPP比P_{30 min}法的高5.4%,P_s法则比P_{30 min}法的低2.1%。传统的P_{30 min}法忽略了CO₂浓度的瞬时变化,P_s法缺少林冠层内部CO₂浓度变化,因此两者低估了真实R_e。近似瞬时廓线的方法(2-min平均)具有更高的时间与空间分辨率,能够更加准确地估算非平坦地形和复杂冠层结构的森林碳收支,这对解决EC法在复杂条件下森林R_e和GPP低估、净碳汇高估具有重要启示。

关键词: 涡动协方差, CO₂储存通量, 廓线系统, 生态系统CO₂净交换

Abstract: Accurate measurement of CO₂ storage flux (F_s) in forest ecosystems is of great significance for estimating ecosystem carbon budget by eddy covariance (EC). The errors in the estimation of ecosystem carbon budget caused by different methods for calculating F_s has yet not been comprehensively assessed. Using data from an open-path EC system and an eight-level CO₂/H₂O profile system (AP100, Campbell Scientific Inc., USA) in a broadleaved deciduous forest at the Maoer-shan in 2018, we evaluated the methodological effect of F_s[2-min mean profile (P_{2 min}), 30-min mean profile (P_{30 min}) and 30-min mean EC single point (P_s)] on the estimation of net ecosystem exchange (NEE), ecosystem respiration (R_e), and gross primary productivity (GPP). The results showed that the impact of F_s methods on forest carbon flux generally increased with the increases of time scale, indicating that gap-filling of flux data would further amplify the impacts of F_s estimation methods. At the annual scale, NEE based on P_{2 min} and P_s methods were 36.3% and 29.4% lower than that based on P_{30 min}, while R_e based on P_{2 min} was higher than that based on P_{30 min} and P_s by 8.7%. The GPP based on P_{2 min} was 5.4% higher, while that based on P_s was 2.1% lower than that based on P_{30 min}. The traditional P_{30 min} ignored the instantaneous changes in CO₂ concentration, P_s missed the changes of CO₂ concentration within canopy, and thus both underestimated the actual R_e. The approximately instantaneous profile (2-min mean profile) had higher temporal and spatial resolution and could more accurately estimate forest carbon budget with non-flat terrain and complex canopy structure. Our findings had great implications for solving the underestimation of forest R_e and GPP as well as the overestimation of net carbon sink on complex conditions with the EC method.

Key words: eddy covariance, CO₂ storage flux, profile system, net ecosystem CO₂ exchange

李颖池, 刘帆, 王传宽, 高添, 王兴昌. CO₂储存通量估算方法对森林生态系统碳收支估测的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(11): 3665-3673.

LI Ying-chi, LIU Fan, WANG Chuan-kuan, GAO Tian, WANG Xing-chang. Carbon budget estimation based on different methods of CO₂ storage flux in forest ecosystems[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(11): 3665-3673.

参考文献

[1] 于贵瑞, 张雷明, 孙晓敏. 中国陆地生态系统通量观测研究网络(ChinaFLUX)的主要进展及发展展望. 地理科学进展, 2014, 33(7): 903-917 [Yu G-R, Zhang L-M, Sun X-M. Progresses and prospects of Chinese terrestrial ecosystem flux observation and research network (ChinaFLUX). Progress in Geography, 2014, 33(7): 903-917]
[2] Aubinet M, Vesala T, Papale D, eds. Eddy Cova-riance: A Practical Guide to Measurement and Data Ana-lysis. Dordrecht: Springer, 2012: 59-83
[3] Yu G, Chen Z, Zhang L, et al. Recognizing the scientific mission of flux tower observation networks: Lay the solid scientific data foundation for solving ecological issues related to global change. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2017, 8: 115-120
[4] Marcolla B, Cobbe I, Minerbi S, et al. Methods and uncertainties in the experimental assessment of horizontal advection. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2014, 198-199: 62-71
[5] Wang X, Wang C, Li Q. Wind regimes above and below a temperate deciduous forest canopy in complex terrain: Interactions between slope and valley winds. Atmosphere, 2015, 6: 60-87
[6] Wang X, Wang C, Guo Q, et al. Improving the CO₂ storage measurements with a single profile system in a tall-dense-canopy temperate forest. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2016, 228-229: 327-338
[7] Papale D, Reichstein M, Aubinet M, et al. Towards a standardized processing of net ecosystem exchange mea-sured with eddy covariance technique: Algorithms and uncertainty estimation. Biogeosciences, 2006, 3: 571-583
[8] Gu L, Massman WJ, Leuning R, et al. The fundamental equation of eddy covariance and its application in flux measurements. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2012, 152: 135-148
[9] Finnigan J. The storage term in eddy flux calculations. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2006, 136: 108-113
[10] Mchugh I, Beringer J, Cunningham SC, et al. Interactions between nocturnal turbulent flux, storage and advection at an ‘ideal' eucalypt woodland site. Biogeosciences, 2017, 14: 3027-3050
[11] 王兴昌, 王传宽. 坐标旋转对东北山地森林涡动通量的影响. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(9): 2779-2788 [Wang X-C, Wang C-K. Effects of coordinate rotations on eddy fluxes over a forest on a mountainous terrain in Northeast China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2016, 27(9): 2779-2788]
[12] 王静, 王兴昌, 王传宽. 基于不同浓度变量的温带落叶阔叶林CO₂储存通量的误差分析. 应用生态学报, 2013, 24(4): 975-982 [Wang J, Wang X-C, Wang C-K. Error analysis of CO₂ storage flux in a temperate deciduous broadleaved forest based on different scalar variables. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2013, 24(4): 975-982]
[13] 焦振, 王传宽, 王兴昌. 温带落叶阔叶林冠层CO₂浓度的时空变异. 植物生态学报, 2011, 35(5): 512-522 [Jiao Z, Wang C-K, Wang X-C. Spatio-temporal variations of CO₂ concentration within the canopy in a temperate deciduous forest, Northeast China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2011, 35(5): 512-522]
[14] Liu F, Wang X, Wang C. Measuring vegetation pheno-logy with near-surface remote sensing in a temperate deciduous forest: Effects of sensor type and deployment. Remote Sensing, 2019, 11: DOI: 10.3390/rs11091063
[15] van Gorsel E, Delpierre N, Leuning R, et al. Estimating nocturnal ecosystem respiration from the vertical turbulent flux and change in storage of CO₂. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2009, 149: 1919-1930
[16] 王兴昌, 王传宽, 刘帆, 等. 利用细丝热电偶评估涡度相关系统开路分析仪表面加热效应. 应用生态学报, 2017, 28(3): 983-991 [Wang X-C, Wang C-K, Liu F, et al. Assessing the surface heating effect of the open-path analyzer of an eddy covariance system with fine-wire thermocouples. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28(3): 983-991]
[17] Jiao Z, Wang X. Contrasting rhizospheric and heterotrophic components of soil respiration during growing and non-growing seasons in a temperate deciduous forest. Forests, 2018, 10: 8
[18] 朱苑, 刘帆, 王传宽, 等. 帽儿山温带落叶阔叶林净生态系统碳交换的日变化及光响应特征. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(1): 72-82 [Zhu Y, Liu F, Wang C-K, et al. Diurnal variation and light response of net ecosystem carbon exchange in a temperate broad leaved deciduous forest at Maoershan, Northeast China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(1): 72-82]
[19] Noormets A. Moisture sensitivity of ecosystem respiration: Comparison of 14 forest ecosystems in northern Wisconsin, USA. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2008, 148: 216-230
[20] Falge E, Baldocchi D, Olson R, et al. Gap filling stra-tegies for defensible annual sums of net ecosystem exchange. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2001, 107: 43-69
[21] 同小娟, 张劲松, 孟平, 等. 黄河小浪底人工混交林冠层CO₂储存通量变化特征. 生态学报, 2015, 35(7): 2076-2084 [Tong X-J, Zhang J-S, Meng P, et al. Variation characteristics of carbon storage flux over a mixed plantation of the Xiaolangdi area. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2015, 35(7): 2076-2084]
[22] Iwata H, Malhi Y, von Randow C. Gap-filling measurements of carbon dioxide storage in tropical rainforest canopy airspace. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2005, 132: 305-314
[23] 张弥, 温学发, 于贵瑞, 等. 二氧化碳储存通量对森林生态系统碳收支的影响. 应用生态学报, 2010, 21(5): 1201-1209 [Zhang M, Wen X-F, Yu G-R, et al. Effects of CO₂ storage flux on carbon budget of forest ecosystem. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2010, 21(5): 1201-1209]
[24] Xu K, Pingintha-Durden N, Luo H, et al. The eddy-covariance storage term in air: Consistent community resources improve flux measurement reliability. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2019, 279: 107734
[25] Zhang Q, Wang C, Zhou Z. Does the net primary production converge across six temperate forest types under the same climate? Forest Ecology and Management, 2019, 448: 535-542
[26] Janssens I, Lankreijer H, Matteucci G, et al. Productivity overshadows temperature in determining soil and ecosystem respiration across European forests. Global Change Biology, 2001, 7: 269-278
[27] Thomas C, Martin J, Law B, et al. Toward biologically meaningful net carbon exchange estimates for tall, dense canopies: Multi-level eddy covariance observations and canopy coupling regimes in a mature Douglas-fir forest in Oregon. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2013, 173: 14-27
[28] Lee X. On micrometeorological observations of surface-air exchange over tall vegetation. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 1998, 91: 39-49
[29] Galvagno M, Wohlfahrt G, Cremonese E, et al. Contribution of advection to nighttime ecosystem respiration at a mountain grassland in complex terrain. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2017, 237-238: 270-281
[30] Carrara A, Kowalski AS, Neirynck J, et al. Net ecosystem CO₂ exchange of mixed forest in Belgium over 5 years. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2003, 119: 209-227
[31] 高添, 于立忠, 于丰源, 等. 中国科学院清原森林生态系统观测研究站塔群平台的功能和应用. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(3): 695-705 [Gao T, Yu L-Z, Yu F-Y, et al. Functions and applications of Multi-Tower Platform of Qingyuan Forest Ecosystem Research Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(3): 695-705]
[32] Wang X, Wang C, Bondlamberty B. Quantifying and reducing the differences in forest CO₂-fluxes estimated by eddy covariance, biometric and chamber methods: A global synthesis. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2017, 247: 93-103
[33] 王兴昌, 王传宽. 森林生态系统碳循环的基本概念和野外测定方法评述. 生态学报, 2015, 35(13): 4241-4256 [Wang X-C, Wang C-K. Fundamental concepts and field measurement methods of carbon cycling in forest ecosystems: A review. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2015, 35(13): 4241-4256]

CO₂储存通量估算方法对森林生态系统碳收支估测的影响

Carbon budget estimation based on different methods of CO₂ storage flux in forest ecosystems

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 3

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	王兴昌, 王传宽. 坐标旋转对东北山地森林涡动通量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(9): 2779-2788.
[2]	王静,王兴昌,王传宽**. 基于不同浓度变量的温带落叶阔叶林CO₂储存通量的误差分析 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2013, 24(4): 975-982.
[3]	张弥;温学发;于贵瑞;张雷明;伏玉玲;孙晓敏;韩士杰. 二氧化碳储存通量对森林生态系统碳收支的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2010, 21(05): 1201-1209.