克隆植物蝴蝶花在光梯度环境上的形态适应性研究

应用生态学报 ›› 1998, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (1): 23-26.

克隆植物蝴蝶花在光梯度环境上的形态适应性研究

马万里¹, 钟章成²

1. 内蒙古师范大学, 呼和浩特 020022;
2. 西南师范大学, 重庆 630715

收稿日期:1995-12-08 修回日期:1996-07-15 出版日期:1998-01-25 发布日期:1998-01-25
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(39330050)

Morphological adaptability of clonal herb Iris japonica to changed light condition

Ma Wanli¹, Zhong Zhangcheng²

1. Inner Mongolia Normal University, Huhehot 010022;
2. Southwest China Normal University, Chongqing 630715

Received:1995-12-08 Revised:1996-07-15 Online:1998-01-25 Published:1998-01-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对四川缙云山毛竹林和针阔叶混交林具有林窗、林缘和林下3种光照差异明显生境下的克隆草本植物蝴蝶花的形态可塑性进行了研究.统计了分株、根茎和叶生长方向等特征.经方差分析和t检验后表明.蝴蝶花在光梯度环境下,其形态特征表现出适应性变化.从林窗→林绿→林下,随着光强度的减弱,分株的高度、密度相应减小.在林下达到最小；而根茎的长度、节间长则相反,在遮荫大的林下最大.研究发现,叶片数目和根茎直径在不同的样地和生境中无明显变化,但叶片的生长方向和光照方向关系极大,表现出极强的向光性.此外,文章还对蝴蝶花表现出的可塑性进行了分析和讨论.

关键词: 蝴蝶花, 克隆植物, 形态适应性

Abstract: The morphological response of clonal herb Iris japonica to different light conditions was studiedin the gap. edge and understory within both bamboo forest and mixed needle-broadleaved forestin Mt. Jinyun of Sichuan. Statistic analyses indicate that the plant showed an adaptive changein morphology under different light habitats. From gap to edge and to understory, the heightand density of ramets were reduced with decreasing light intensity, and while the opposite wastrue for the length of rhizomes and internedes. The number of leaves and the diameter of rhizomes had no significant difference in different plots and habitats, but the direction of leaveswas strongly related to the direction of sun-light. showing a strong phototaxis. In addition, theplasticity of Iris japonica was analyzed and discussed in this paper.

Key words: Iris japonica, Clonal plant, Morphological adaptability

马万里, 钟章成. 克隆植物蝴蝶花在光梯度环境上的形态适应性研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 1998, 9(1): 23-26.

Ma Wanli, Zhong Zhangcheng. Morphological adaptability of clonal herb Iris japonica to changed light condition[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 1998, 9(1): 23-26.

参考文献

[1] 王宏年.1988.生物统计学.兰州:兰州大学出版社.

[2] 王显生等.1992.羊草种群无性系生长格局的研究.植物生态学与地植物学学报.16(3):234～2d2.

[3] 王显生.1993.羊草种群无性系种群动态的初步研究.生态学报,13(4):291～299.

[4] 王显生.1994.关于无性系植物种群整合作用研究的现状及应用前景.生态学杂志,13(2):57～60.

[5] 朱志红等.1994.不同放牧强度下矮满草无性系分株种群的动态与调节.生态学报.14(1):40～45.

[6] 钟章成.1992.常绿阔叶林生态系统研究.重庆:西南师范大学出版社.

[7] 祝宁.1994.刺五加构筑型研究.植物种群和生态学研究现状与进展.69～73.

[8] 奚为民等.1993.四川缙云山森林群落林窗边缘效应的研究.植物生态学与地植物学学报,17(5):232～245.

[9] 黑龙江大兴安岭森林调查队.1978.森林调查手册.北京:农业出版社,SO～52.

[10] J . W . Silvertown(祝宁等译). 1982.植物种群生态学导论.哈尔滨:东北林业大学出版社.170～188.

[11] Bartlett. N. R. end Noble. J. C.1985. The population biology of plant with clonal growth .Analysis of tiller mortality in Carer arenaria . J . Ecol.,73:1～10.

[12] Bell, A. D.,Tomlinson. P. B. 1980. Adaptive archi-Lecture in }hizomatous plants. Bot.J. Lm. Soc.,80:125～160.

[13] Cain, M . L.1994. Consequences of foraging in clonal plant species. Ecology, 75:933～944.

[14] Cook, R. E. 1983. Clonal plant populations. Amers-can Scientist, 71:244～253.

[15] Dong, M. 1993. Morphological plasticity of the clonel herb Larniastrmn galeobdnlon in response to partialshading. New Phytologirt. 124:291～300.

[16] Dong. M.,de Kroon, H. 1994. Plasticity in mor～phology and biomess allocation in cynodon dectylon, agrass species forming stolons and rhizomes. Oikos,70:99～106.

[17] Hutchings, M. J.,Bradbruy, I. K. 1986. Ecological perspectives on clonal perennial herbs. Bioxieau,36;178～182.

[18] Lovett, L.1987. Population dynamics and clonal spe-cialization in a clonal perennial (Ranunculus repe>es)[Q . Responses to light and nutrient supply. J,Ecol.,75:555～568.

[19] Noble. ] . C.,Bell A. D. and Happer. J. L.1979. The population biology of plants with clonal growth I. The morphology and structural demography of Carer

[20] Harper. J. L. 1978. The demography of plants with clonal growth. Woldendrop(eds).Structure and Functioning of Plant Population. North-Holland,Amsterdam, 27～48.

[21] Slade. A.J.,Hutchings, M. J.19876. The effects of light intensity on foraging in the clonal herb Glecho}ea

[22] Slade. A.J..Hutchings, M. J. 1987c. Clonsl integta-lion and plasticity in foraging behaviour in Glechoma hederacea .J .,Ecol.,7:1023～1036.