印楝素乳油对斜纹夜蛾的生物活性及田间防效研究

应用生态学报

印楝素乳油对斜纹夜蛾的生物活性及田间防效研究

戴建青^1，2 黄志伟^1，2 杜家纬¹

¹中国科学院上海生命科学院植物生理生态研究所,上海 200032；²中国科学院研究生院，北京 100039

收稿日期:2004-03-10 修回日期:2004-07-05 出版日期:2005-06-18

Bioactivity of azadirachtin and its field efficiency against Spodoptera litura

DAI Jianqing^1，2,HUANG zhiwei^1，2,DU Jiawei¹

¹Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032,China；²Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100039,China

Received:2004-03-10 Revised:2004-07-05 Online:2005-06-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在室内测定了印楝素乳油对斜纹夜蛾(Spodoptera litura)的生物活性，并进行了田间防治试验.结果表明，印楝素乳油对斜纹夜蛾具有多种生物活性，主要表现在对幼虫的拒食作用、生长发育的抑制作用和一定的毒杀活性，以及对成虫产卵的忌避作用.经印楝素处理后，幼虫平均发育历期延长、幼虫体重、蛹重、化蛹率和蛹羽化率显著低于对照，印楝素乳油12 μl·L^-1浓度处理3龄幼虫5和7 d后的体重分别是对照组的36.8%和14.5%，而幼虫平均发育历期比对照组延长6 d左右，化蛹率和蛹羽化率分别是27.79%和37.23%，显著低于对照组85.66%和82.11%.印楝素对低龄幼虫有一定的毒杀活性，而对高龄幼虫活性则很低.田间防治试验表明，印楝素乳油对斜纹夜蛾种群有良好的控制作用，施药7 d后其防治效果要优于化学农药10%除尽悬浮剂.

Abstract: In this paper,the effects of varying concentration azadirachtin on tobacco cutworm Spodoptera litura were investigated in both laboratory and field.The results showed that azadirachtin exhibited a wide range of bioactivities, including anti-feeding,growth inhibition,larval toxicity,and oviposition deterrent.This compound could significantly reduce pupal weight and pupation and eclosion rates.After treated with 12 μl·L^-1 azadirachtin for 5 and 7 days,the third instar larvae only weighted 36.8% and 14.5% of the untreated ones,and their development took approximately 6 days longer, with a 27.79% pupation rate and a 37.23% emergence rate,significantly lower than the control by 85.66% and 82.11%,respectively.Azadirachtin was more efficient for the low instar larva than the old ones.Field experiments confirmed that after 7 days application,azadirachtin could effectively control Spodoptera litura,being more efficient than the chemistry pesticide,10% Chu-Jin SC.

Key words: Bullacta exarata, Rearing shoal, Heterotrophic bacteria, Vibrios

戴建青^1，2 黄志伟^1，2 杜家纬¹. 印楝素乳油对斜纹夜蛾的生物活性及田间防效研究[J]. 应用生态学报.

DAI Jianqing^1，2,HUANG zhiwei^1，2,DU Jiawei¹. Bioactivity of azadirachtin and its field efficiency against Spodoptera litura[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.