东北一季作农田秋末土壤中无机氮的累积

应用生态学报 ›› 2004, Vol. ›› Issue (10): 1887-1890.

东北一季作农田秋末土壤中无机氮的累积

陈欣, 张庆忠, 鲁彩艳, 史奕, 张璐

中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所陆地生态过程重点实验室, 沈阳 110016

收稿日期:2003-07-24 修回日期:2004-05-18 出版日期:2004-10-15
通讯作者: 陈欣,男,1968年生,博士,研究员,主要从事农业生态、土壤-作物系统中主要营养元素生态过程研究,发表论文40余篇.E-mail:chenxin@iae.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(30100022);中国科学院陆地生态过程重点实验室基金资助项目

Accumulation of soil inorganic nitrogen in mono-harvesting farmlands of northeast China in late autumn

CHEN Xin, ZHANG Qingzhong, LU Caiyan, SHI Yi, ZHANG Lu

Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

Received:2003-07-24 Revised:2004-05-18 Online:2004-10-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在我国东北一季作农田地区,秋季作物收获时土壤中累积的无机氮并不多,但经过秋末一段温度、湿度都适宜矿化作用又无作物生长利用的时期以后,封冻前早地土壤中累积的无机氮可以达到一个较高的水平,单施化肥的旱地农田1 m土体中累积的无机氮为99.9 kg·hm^-2,化肥和有机肥配施的农田为145.4kg·hm^-2;水田土壤中累积的无机氮较低,这是由于水田土壤长期淹水,通透性不及旱田,尽管落水后透气性有所改善,但不充分的含氧条件有利于反硝化作用,矿化的无机氮最终以N₂O形式损失掉.

关键词: 无机氮积累, 一季作农田, 非生长季

Abstract: The study showed that in northeast China,the farmlands with a mono-harvesting agricultural system had a low accumulation of soil inorganic nitrogen after harvest.In late autumn,there was an interval of about 20～30 days when the temperature and humidity were appropriate to soil N mineralization,but the mineralized nitrogen could not be used by crops in this non-growing season.The accumulation of inorganic nitrogen in upland soil reached a high level before freezing.Its inorganic nitrogen content in 1m depth soil was 99.9 kg·hm^-2 in the treatment of commercial fertilizers(N 150 kg·hm^-2;P 16.4 kg·hm^-2;K 62.3 kg·hm^-2)and 145.4 kg·hm^-2 in the treatment of commercial fertilizers plus manure(pig manure by a reutilization of 80% product).While in rice field,its inorganic nitrogen content was relatively low before freezing.The reason might be that the soil permeability was not as good as that in upland for its long-term water-logging,and its insufficient aeration would be favorable to denitrification which induces the inorganic nitrogen loss via N₂O emission.

Key words: Accumulation of inorganic nitrogen, Mono-harvesting farmland, Non-growing season

中图分类号:

S153.6⁺1

陈欣, 张庆忠, 鲁彩艳, 史奕, 张璐. 东北一季作农田秋末土壤中无机氮的累积[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, (10): 1887-1890.

CHEN Xin, ZHANG Qingzhong, LU Caiyan, SHI Yi, ZHANG Lu. Accumulation of soil inorganic nitrogen in mono-harvesting farmlands of northeast China in late autumn[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, (10): 1887-1890.

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