生物的时间地带性及其农学涵义

应用生态学报 ›› 2002, Vol. ›› Issue (8): 1013-1016.

生物的时间地带性及其农学涵义

任继周¹, 刘学录², 侯扶江¹

1. 兰州大学草地农业科技学院, 甘肃草原生态研究所, 兰州 730020;
2. 甘肃农业大学资源环境系, 兰州 730070

收稿日期:2002-04-07 修回日期:2002-05-09 出版日期:2002-08-15
通讯作者: 任继周,男,1924年生,教授,博士生导师,中国工程院院士,主要从事草业科学研究.E-mail:renjz@public3.bta.net.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(39630250)

Bio-geological temporal zonation and its agricultural significance

REN Jizhou¹, LIU Xuelu², HOU Fujiang ¹

1. College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Gansu Grassland Ecology Research Institute, Lanzhou 730020;
2. Department of Resource and Environment, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070

Received:2002-04-07 Revised:2002-05-09 Online:2002-08-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生物的时间地带性可表述为生物有机体为谋求生存阈限的扩展,突破地理地带性(暂称为空间地带性)的局限,对地理地带性加以剪裁、连缀,排除不适宜自身生存的环境时段,截取适宜自身生存的环境时段所构建的生存时空体;生物的时间地带性是生物对地球运动(自转与公转)造成的节律适应的结果.时间地带性依赖于空间地带性,不同的空间地带内,时间带谱的基带不同,并在空间地带性的基础上呈现为螺旋状往复循环,是生态要素的时间周期性变化规律的体现;时间地带性与空间地带性一样,都是依赖于尺度(时间尺度与空间尺度)的生态要素分布过程,带谱的成分、范围均随着尺度的变化而变化,生物通过不同的生态策略来适应这种变化;人类农业活动已经取得一些成效,但只能在小尺度上调节时间地带性,不能改变空间地带性.

关键词: 地带性, 空间地带性, 时间地带性, 农学意义

Abstract: Bio geological temporal zonation can be defined as a subsistent spatial temporal style that the organisms clip from a geographical zone to break through its limit,and extend their survival extent with the strategy of excluding the environmental period of time which is not suitable to live and intercepting it which is suitable. It is the consequence that organisms temporally adapt the heat distribution pattern caused by the rotation and revolution of the Earth. Bio geological temporal zonation relies on spatial zone,and the zonation spectrum changes in different spatial zones and has different basal heat zone.It appears as spiral loop based on its own spatial zone,and implies temporally seasonal change of the heat. Similarly, bio geological temporal zonation relies on the distribution process of water and heat under spatial and temporal scale.The component, range and hierarchy of zonation spectrum change with spatial and temporal scale, and organisms adapt this kind of change with different ecological strategy depended on different ecological strategy.Human being can tune up bio geological temporal zonation only in small scale.

Key words: Zonation, Spatial zonation, Temporal zonation, Agricultural significance

中图分类号:

Q15
S812

任继周, 刘学录, 侯扶江. 生物的时间地带性及其农学涵义[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (8): 1013-1016.

REN Jizhou, LIU Xuelu, HOU Fujiang . Bio-geological temporal zonation and its agricultural significance[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (8): 1013-1016.

参考文献

[1] Agricultural Institute of China(中国农业科学院主编)ed.1999.Agricultural Meteorology of China.Beijing:China Agricultural Press.1～17(in Chinese)
[2] Beijing Normal University(北京师范大学).1990.Natural Geography.Beijing:Beijing Normal University Press.3～29(in Chinese)
[3] Hu Z-Z(胡自治),Wen F-W(文奋武).1999.Microelement and its significance in system of soil-grass-livestock for grazing sheep. Acta Pratacult Sin(草业学报),8(2):50～64(in Chinese)
[4] Hu Z-Z(胡自治).1995.New progress of the overall grassland taxonomy with colligate gradation-Dividing index and reviewing map of type. Acta Pratacult Sin (草业学报),1(3):1～7(in Chinese)
[5] Li S-K(李世奎),Hou G-L(侯光良).1988.Agricultural Climate Resource and Agricultural Climate Subareas of China.Beijing:Science Press.1～6(in Chinese)
[6] Li Z-Q(李镇清),Ren J-Z(任继周).1995.Self-buildup of energy network and system coupling.Acta Pratacult Sin(草业学报),4(2):6～10(in Chinese)
[7] Li Z-Z(李自珍).1998.Fining model of pasture-grazing systemⅠ.Acta Pratacult Sin(草业学报),7(4):61～66(in Chinese)
[8] Li Z-Z(李自珍).1999.Fining model of pasture-grazing systemⅡ. Acta Pratacult Sin(草业学报),8(2):8～13(in Chinese)
[9] Ma J-H(马建华).1991.Principle of Natural Geography. Kaifeng: Henan University Press.11～35(in Chinese)
[10] Pan S-R(潘树荣).1985.Natural Geography.Beijing:Higher Education Press.23～107(in Chinese)
[11] Ren J-Z(任继周).1985.Grassland Surveying and Planning. Beijing:Agricultural Press. 1～7(in Chinese)
[12] Ren J-Z(任继周).1994.System coupling and desert-oasis grassland agricultural system. Acta Pratacult Sin(草业学报),3(3):1～8(in Chinese)
[13] Ren J-Z(任继周).1995.Agriculturally ecological productivity and its yielding potentiality-On significance of animal agriculture. Acta Pratacult Sin(草业学报),4(2):1～5(in Chinese)
[14] Ren J-Z(任继周).1995.Pattern and system repelling of the grassland agriculture in Hexi corridor. Acta Pratacult Sin(草业学报),4(1):69～80(in Chinese)
[15] Ren J-Z(任继周).1995.System coupling model of the desert-oasis grassland agricultural system. Acta Pratacult Sin(草业学报),4(2):11～19(in Chinese)