开放式空气CO2浓度增高对水稻冠层微气候的影响

应用生态学报 ›› 2002, Vol. ›› Issue (10): 1235-1239.

开放式空气CO₂浓度增高对水稻冠层微气候的影响

罗卫红¹, Mayumi Yoshi moto², 戴剑峰¹, 朱建国³, 韩勇³, 刘刚³

1. 南京农业大学农业部作物生长调控重点开放实验室, 南京, 210095;
2. National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Kannondai 3-1-3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan;
3. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京, 210008

收稿日期:2002-06-12 修回日期:2002-08-07 出版日期:2002-10-15
通讯作者: 罗卫红,女,1962年10月生,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事作物生态、作物系统模拟和农业设施小气候环境调控等方面的研究,发表论文20多篇,出版专著2部.E-mail:lwh@njau.edu.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目(KZCX2408);国家自然科学基金重大国际合作研究资助项目(40120140817).

LUO Weihong¹, Mayumi Yoshimoto², DAI Jianfeng¹, ZHU Jianguo³, HAN Yong³, LIU Gan ³

1. MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095;
2. Atmospheric Impacts Research Unit, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Kannondai 3-1-3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan;
3. Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008

Received:2002-06-12 Revised:2002-08-07 Online:2002-10-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用位于江苏省无锡市安镇的我国唯一的农田开放式空气CO₂浓度增高(FACE)系统平台,于2001年8月26日至10月13日(水稻抽穗至成熟期)进行水稻作物冠层微气候连续观测,以研究FACE对水稻冠层微气候特征的影响.结果表明,FACE降低了水稻叶片的气孔导度,FACE与对照水稻叶片气孔导度的差异上层叶片大于下层叶片,生长前期大于生长后期.FACE使白天水稻冠层和叶片温度升高,这种差异生长前期大于生长后期;但FACE对夜间水稻冠层温度的影响不明显.在水稻旺盛生长的抽穗开花期,晴天正午前后FACE水稻冠层温度比对照高1.2℃;从开花至成熟期,FACE水稻冠层白天平均温度比对照高0.43℃.FACE对冠层空气温度也有影响,白天水稻冠层空气温度FACE高于对照,这种差异随太阳辐射增强而增大且冠层中部大于冠层顶部;冠层中部空气温度FACE与对照的差异(T_face-T_ambient)日最大值在0.47～1.2℃之间,而冠层顶部的T_face-T_ambient日最大值在0.37～0.8℃之间.夜间水稻冠层空气温度FACE与对照差别不大,变化在±0.3℃之内.而FACE对水稻冠层空气湿度无显著影响,表明FACE使水稻叶片气孔导度降低,从而削弱了植株的蒸腾降温作用,导致水稻冠层温度和冠层空气温度升高,改变了整个水稻冠层的温度环

Abstract: In this study, the free-air CO₂ enrichment (FACE) system (setup at at Anzhen,Wuxi, Jiangsu Province in2001) was used to investigate the effects of FACEon rice canopy microclimate. The rice canopy microclimate observations were carried out from August 26 to October 13, 2001,when the rice crops were at the heading to maturing development stage. The results showed that FACEreduced the rice leaf stomatal conductance. The rice leaf stomatal conductance difference between FACEand ambient was larger among upper layer leaves than among lower layer leaves and at heading and milk filling stages than at maturing stage. FACEincreased daytime rice canopy temperature but had little effect on nighttime rice canopy temperature. The daytime rice canopy temperature difference between FACEand ambient was larger at heading and milk filling stages than at maturing stage. From heading to flowering, the daily maximum rice canopy temperature difference between FACEand ambient reached 1.2℃ under fine weather condition. The average daytime rice canopy temperature from flowering to maturing stage was about 0.43℃. Daytime air temperature inside rice canopy was also affected by FACE. Daytime air temperature inside rice canopy was higher in FACEplot than in ambient plot. The value of daytime air temperature difference between FACEand ambient increased with the increase of solar radiation and varied with height. The maximum daytime air temperature difference between FACEand ambient varied between0.47～1.2℃ and 0.37～0.8℃ at middle of canopy and canopy height, respectively. Air humidity and nighttime air temperature inside rice canopy were not significantly affected by FACE. These results indicate that FACEreducing rice leaf stomatal conductance was the major cause of the increase of canopy temperature and inside canopy air temperature in FACEplot. The higher canopy temperature and inside canopy air temperature in FACEplot resulted in the earlier maturity of rice crop in FACEplot than that in the ambient plot.

中图分类号:

S161.4

罗卫红, Mayumi Yoshi moto, 戴剑峰, 朱建国, 韩勇, 刘刚. 开放式空气CO₂浓度增高对水稻冠层微气候的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (10): 1235-1239.

LUO Weihong, Mayumi Yoshimoto, DAI Jianfeng, ZHU Jianguo, HAN Yong, LIU Gan . [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (10): 1235-1239.

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开放式空气CO₂浓度增高对水稻冠层微气候的影响

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