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应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (8): 2614-2620.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201908.014

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猫儿山不同海拔植物群落树木构型差异及其影响因子

谭一波1,2,3, 申文辉1,2,3*, 田红灯1,2,3, 付孜4, 叶建平3,5, 郑威1,2,3, 黄善琪6   

  1. 1广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院, 南宁 530002;
    2广西优良用材林资源培育重点实验室, 南宁 530002;
    3广西漓江源森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 广西桂林 541316;
    4广西壮族自治区林业局退耕还林办公室, 南宁 530028;
    5广西桂林猫儿山国家级自然保护区管理局, 广西桂林 541316;
    6广西大学土木建筑工程学院, 南宁 530004
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-05 出版日期:2019-08-15 发布日期:2019-08-15
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: 769586022@qq.com
  • 作者简介:谭一波,男,1981年生,高级工程师.主要从事森林生态学研究.E-mail:tybrun@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    广西优良用材林资源培育重点实验室自主课题(16A0401)和广西自然科学基金项目(2017GXNSFAA198102)

Tree architecture variation of plant communities along altitude and impact factors in Maoer Mountain, Guangxi, China

TAN Yi-bo1,2,3, SHEN Wen-hui1,2,3*, TIAN Hong-deng1,2,3, FU Zi4, YE Jian-ping3,5, ZHENG Wei1,2,3, HUANG Shan-qi6   

  1. 1Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning 530002, China;
    2Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Nanning 530002, China;
    3Guangxi Lijiang River Source Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Guilin 541316, Guangxi, China;
    4Office of Converting Farmland to Forestry, Guangxi Forestry Bureau, Nanning 530028, China;
    5Bureau of Guangxi Maoer Mountain Nature Reserve, Guilin 541316, Guangxi, China;
    6College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.

  • Received:2019-03-05 Online:2019-08-15 Published:2019-08-15
  • Contact: * E-mail: 769586022@qq.com

摘要: 通过对猫儿山海拔梯度上常绿阔叶林(低海拔,1100 m)、常绿落叶阔叶混交林(中海拔,1500 m)和常绿针阔叶混交林(高海拔,1900 m)3种典型植物群落中乔木层植物构型性状以及环境因子的测定,分析乔木层植物构型性状在3个群落间的变异规律及其影响因素.结果表明: 随海拔升高,乔木层树冠面积、45 cm基径、胸径和叶片聚集度持续增加,树高、枝下高和树冠厚度先增加后减小;枝条伸展方向表现为在低海拔群落中水平枝条比例最大,高海拔群落次之,中海拔群落最小;中海拔群落中乔木层植物构型性状之间的相关性更强.冗余分析表明,土壤有机质和总辐射是乔木层植物构型性状变异的主要环境影响因素,它们分别解释了构型性状39.6%和23.9%的变异.土壤有机质对树冠面积和枝下高影响较大,总辐射对胸径和45 cm基径影响较大,且都呈正相关.猫儿山乔木层植物在不同海拔群落间存在构型分异,影响乔木层植物构型变化的主要环境驱动力是土壤有机质和总辐射.

Abstract: Three typical plant communities (evergreen broad-leaved forest at low-altitude 1100 m, evergreen and deciduous mixed broad-leaved forest at mid-altitude 1500 m, and evergreen conife-rous and broad-leaved mixed forest at high-altitude 1900 m) in Maoer Mountain, Guangxi, China were surveyed along an altitude gradient. We measured the tree layer plant architecture and environmental factors, to analyze the variation of plant architecture traits among the three communities and its influencing factors. The results showed that the tree layer canopy area, basal diameter at 45 cm height, diameter at breast height (DBH), and leaf convergence increased with increasing altitude, whereas tree height, branch height, and canopy thickness first increased and then decreased. Horizontal branches occurred more often in communities at lower altitude , less frequent at high altitude, and the least frequent in middle altitude communities. Correlations among tree layer plant architecture traits were stronger in the mid-altitude community than that in the other altitude communities. Results from the redundancy analysis showed that soil organic matter and total solar radiation were the main factors driving the variation of plant architecture traits in the tree layers, accounting for 39.6% and 23.9% of the total variation, respectively. Soil organic matter had a greater positive impact on canopy area and branch height, whereas total solar radiation was more influential on the DBH and 45 cm basal diameter. In conclusion, tree layer architecture of communities along the altitude gradient in Maoer Mountain was divergent, with soil organic matter and total solar radiation as the main driving forces.