Construction and application of a new index for quantifying root erosion resistance: Root framework erosion resistance index

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202009.010

Abstract

Abstract: The matching of root system is a key factor driving the resistance of plant community to soil erosion. In this study, Amoeba graphical method was used to establish a root framework erosion resistance index (ERI_rf, %) from three dimensions of root morphology, quantity and spatial concerns to quantify the effective of root erosion resistance by plant community. We analyzed root growth characteristics of plant community from abandoned land, Caragana korshinskii and Robinia pseudoacacia communities in loess hilly area. The results showed that the parameters of constructing the root framework erosion resistance index included the acting coefficient of root framework (α), root density (R_b, kg·m^-3), root framework degree (S), soil bulk density (ρ, g·cm^-3), and soil and water conservation coefficient (φ). The equation could be expressed as ERI_rf=α×R_d×S×φρ×100%. This root framework erosion resistance index well represented the erosion resistance effects of plant root system. Logarithmic function could better fit the relationship between soil erosion resis-tance ability and root framework erosion resistance index. Our findings would provide scientific reference for the construction of anti-erosion vegetation community and assessment of ecological construction.

Key words: root framework, soil erosion resistance, characterization index, root framework erosion resistance index

LI Qiang, LIU Guo-bin, YANG Jun-cheng, TUO Deng-feng, ZHANG Zheng. Construction and application of a new index for quantifying root erosion resistance: Root framework erosion resistance index[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(9): 2955-2962.

References

[1] Wang S, Fu BJ, Piao SL, et al. Reduced sediment transport in the Yellow River due to anthropogenic changes. Nature Geoscience, 2016, 9: 38-41
[2] Li Q, Liu GB, Zhang Z, et al. Relative contribution of root physical enlacing and biochemistrical exudates to soil erosion resistance in the Loess soil. Catena, 2017, 153: 61-65
[3] De Baets S, Poesen J, Knapen A, et al. Impact of root architecture on the erosion-reducing potential of roots during concentrated flow. Earth Surface Process and Landforms, 2007, 32: 1323-1345
[4] 单立山, 李毅, 任伟, 等. 河西走廊中部两种荒漠植物根系构型特征. 应用生态学报, 2013, 24(1): 25-31 [Shan L-S, Li Y, Ren W, et al. Root architecture of two desert plants in central Hexi Corridor of Northwest China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2013, 24(1): 25-31]
[5] 鲍雅静, 曹明, 李政海, 等. 羊草与大针茅根系构型对水分梯度响应的比较研究. 生态学报, 2019, 39(3): 310-317 [Bao Y-J, Cao M, Li Z-H, et al. A comparative study of the response of Leymus chinensis and Stipa grandis root characteristics to moisture gra-dients. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2019, 39(3): 1063-1070]
[6] 李强, 曹扬, 张正, 等. 电阻抗法在植物根系生物学研究中的应用. 植物科学学报, 2016, 34(3): 488-495 [Li Q, Cao Y, Zhang Z, et al. Review on the application of bioimpedance method methods in plant root biology research. Plant Science Journal, 2016, 34(3): 488-495]
[7] 郭明明, 王文龙, 康宏亮, 等. 黄土高塬沟壑区植被自然恢复年限对坡面土壤抗冲性的影响. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(22): 138-146 [Guo M-M, Wang W-L, Kang H-L, et al. Effect of natural vegetation restoration age on slope soil anti-scourability in gully region of Loess Plateau. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018, 34(22): 138-146]
[8] 刘国彬. 黄土高原草地土壤抗冲性及其机理研究. 土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报, 1998, 4(1): 93-96 [Liu G-B. Study on soil anti-scouribility and its mechanism. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 1998, 4(1): 93-96]
[9] Guo MM, Wang WL, Shi QH, et al. An experimental study on the effects of grass root density on gully headcut erosion in the gully region of China’s Loess Plateau. Land Degradation and Development, 2019, doi: 10.1002/Idr.3404
[10] 唐科明, 张光辉, 孙珍玲. 草地土壤分离能力季节变化特征及其影响因素. 中国水土保持科学, 2016, 14(6): 18-25 [Tang K-M, Zhang G-H, Sun Z-L. Seasonal variation characteristics and influencing factors of grassland soil separation capacity. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2016, 14(6): 18-25]
[11] 孛胜男, 王云琦, 马超, 等. 基于试验与模型的构树根系固土效果量化的研究. 中国水土保持科学, 2019, 17(1): 28-34 [Bo S-N, Wang Y-Q, Ma C, et al. Quantitative study on the effect of root soil consolidation of Broussonetia papyrifera based on experiment and model. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2019, 17(1): 28-34]
[12] 张祖毓. 松嫩草地习见植物根系构型定量及其应用评价. 硕士论文. 长春: 东北师范大学, 2016 [Zhang Z-Y. Quantifying Root Architecture and Evaluation: Case Study Over Songnen Meadow Steppes Plants. Master Thesis. Changchun: Northeast Normal University, 2016]
[13] 李强, 杨俊诚, 张加琼, 等. 植物根系抗侵蚀指标及模型研究进展. 农业环境科学学报, 2020, 37(1): 17-23 [Li Q, Yang J-C, Zhang J-J, et al. Progress of research on soil erosion resistance of plant roots and future prospects. Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment, 2020, 37(1): 17-23]
[14] Yen CP. Tree root patterns and erosion control. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Soil Erosion and its Countermeasures. Bangkok: Soil and Water Conservation Society of Thailand, 1987: 92-111
[15] 薛萐, 刘国彬, 戴全厚, 等. 黄土丘陵区人工灌木林恢复过程中的土壤微生物生物量演变. 应用生态学报, 2008, 19(3): 517-523 [Xue S, Liu G-B, Dai Q-H, et al. Dynamic changes of soil microbial biomass in the restoration process of shrub plantations in loess hilly area. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2008, 19(3): 517-523]
[16] 李强, 刘国彬, 许明祥, 等. 黄土丘陵区撂荒地土壤抗冲性及相关理化性质. 农业工程学报, 2013, 29(10): 153-159 [Li Q, Liu G-B, Xu M-X, et al. Soil physical properties and soil anti-scouribility in the diffe-rent stages of abandoned land in the Hilly Loess Plateau. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2013, 29(10): 153-159]
[17] Li Q, Liu GB, Zhang Z, et al. Structural stability and erodibility of soil in an age sequence of artificial Robinia pseudoacacia in the hilly Loess Plateau, China. Polish Journal of Environment Studies, 2016, 25: 1595-1601
[18] Li Q, Liu GB, Zhang Z, et al. Relationship of soil ero-dibility, soil physical properties, and root biomass with the age of Caragana korshinskii Kom. plantations on the hilly Loess Plateau, China. Arid Land Research and Management, 2014, 28: 311-324
[19] 李强, 刘国彬, 许明祥, 等. 黄土丘陵区季节性冻融对土壤抗冲性及相关物理性质的影响. 农业工程学报, 2013, 29(17): 105-112 [Li Q, Liu G-B, Xu M-X, et al. Effect of seasonal freeze-thaw on soil anti-scouribility and its related physical properties in the hilly Loess Plateau. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2013, 29(17): 105-112]
[20] Li Q, Liu GB, Zhang Z, et al. Effect of root architecture on the structural stability and erodibility of topsoils during concentrated flow in the hilly Loess Plateau. Chinese Geographical Science, 2015, 25: 757-764
[21] Fan CC, Chen YW. The effect of root architecture on the shearing resistance of root-permeated soils. Ecological Engineering, 2010, 36: 813-826
[22] 李强, 许明祥, 赵允格, 等. 黄土高原坡耕地沟蚀土壤质量评价研究. 自然资源学报, 2012, 27(6): 1001-1011 [Li Q, Xu M-X, Zhao Y-G, et al. Gully erosion soil quality assessment on the cultivated slope land in the Loess Plateau Region, China. Journal of Natural Resources, 2012, 27(6): 1001-1011]
[23] 杨振亚, 周本智, 陈庆标, 等. 干旱对杉木幼苗根系构型及非结构性碳水化合物的影响. 生态学报, 2018, 38(18): 374-385 [Yang Z-Y, Zhou B-Z, Chen Q-B, et al. Effects of drought on root architecture and nonstructural carbohydrate of Cunninghami alanceolata. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018, 38(18): 374-385]
[24] Wen ZM, Lees BG, Jiao F, et al. Stratified vegetation cover index: A new way to assess vegetation impact on soil erosion. Catena, 2010, 83: 87-93
[25] 曹斌挺. 黄土丘陵沟壑区退耕坡面不同植物群落的土壤侵蚀特征. 博士论文. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学. [Cao B-T. Soil Erosion Characteristics of Different Plant Communities on the Conversion Slope in the Loess Hilly and Gully Region. PhD Thesis. Yangling: Northwest A＆F University, 2016]
[26] 赵珩钪, 曹斌挺, 焦菊英. 黄土丘陵沟壑区退耕坡地不同植物群落的土壤侵蚀特征. 中国水土保持科学, 2017, 15(3): 105-113 [Zhao H-K, Cao B-T, Jiao J-Y. Soil erosion characteristics of different plant communities on the slope land of the Loess Hilly Gully Region. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017, 15(3): 105-113]
[27] 李强, 刘国彬, 张正, 等. 黄土风沙区根系强化抗冲性土体构型的定量化研究, 中国水土保持科学, 2017, 15(3): 99-104 [Li Q, Liu G-B, Zhang Z, et al. Quantitative study on soil configuration of root system strengthening anti scourability in wind sand area of Loess. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017, 15(3): 99-104]
[28] 李超, 周正朝, 朱冰冰, 等. 黄土丘陵区不同撂荒年限土壤入渗及抗冲性研究. 水土保持学报, 2017, 31(2): 61-66 [Li C, Zhou Z-C, Zhu B-B, et al. Research on soil infiltration capacity and soil anti-scouribi-lity on different abandoned land in the Loess Hilly Region. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017, 31(2): 64-69]
[29] Zhou ZC, Shangguan ZP. The effects of ryegrass roots and shoots on loess erosion under simulated rainfall. Catena, 2007, 70: 350-355
[30] Schmidt S, Bengough AG, Gregory PJ, et al. Estimating root-soil contact from 3D X-ray microtomographs. European Journal of Soil Science, 2012, 63: 776-786
[31] 屈志强, 刘连友, 吕艳丽. 沙生植物构型及其与抗风蚀能力关系研究综述. 生态学杂志, 2011, 30(2): 167-172 [Qu Z-Q, Liu L-Y, Lyu Y-L. Psammophyte architecture and its relations with anti-wind erosion capability: A review. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2011, 30(2): 167-172]
[32] Nicoll BC, Ray D. Adaptive growth of tree root systems in response to wind action and site conditions. Tree Physiology, 1996, 16: 891-898
[33] USDA. Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) Technical Documentation. Manhattan, KS, USA: US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Wind Erosion Research Unit, 1996
[34] 张振国, 范变娥, 白文娟, 等. 黄土丘陵沟壑区退耕地植物群落土壤抗蚀性研究. 中国水土保持科学, 2007, 5(1): 7-13 [Zhang Z-G, Fan B-E, Bai W-J, et al. Research on soil erosion resistance of plant community in the Loess Hilly and Gully Area. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2007, 5(1): 7-13]
[35] 张攀, 姚文艺, 刘国彬,等. 土壤复合侵蚀研究进展与展望. 农业工程学报, 2019, 35(24): 154-161 [Zhang P, Yao W-Y, Liu G-B, et al. Research progress and prospects of complex soil erosion. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2019, 35(24): 154-161]
[36] 黄同丽, 唐丽霞, 陈龙, 等. 喀斯特区3种灌木根系构型及其生态适应策略. 中国水土保持科学, 2019, 17(1): 89-94 [Huang T-L, Tang L-X, Chen L, et al. Root architecture and ecological adaptation strategy of three shrubs in karst area. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2019, 17(1): 89-94]
[37] Nicoll BC, Berthier S, Achim A, et al. The architecture of Picea sitchensis structural root systems on horizontal and sloping terrain. Trees-Structure and Function, 2006, 20: 701-712
[38] Wang JS, Sun J, Yu Z, et al. Vegetation type controls root turnover in global grasslands. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2019, 28: 442-455
[39] 文志, 郑华, 欧阳志云. 生物多样性与生态系统服务关系研究进展. 应用生态学报, 2020, 38(1): 340-348 [Wen Z, Zheng H, Ouyang Z-Y. Research Progress on the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem services. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 38(1): 340-348]