采伐林窗对白云山3种人工林林下植物多样性的早期影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201807.035

应用生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (7): 2121-2128.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201807.035

采伐林窗对白云山3种人工林林下植物多样性的早期影响

杜有新¹, 刘伟², 王军峰¹, 尤根彪², 叶和军², 练发良¹, 何小勇^1*

¹丽水市林业科学研究院, 浙江丽水 323000;
²丽水市白云山生态林场, 浙江丽水 323000

收稿日期:2017-12-26 出版日期:2018-07-18 发布日期:2018-07-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: 332744534@qq.com
作者简介:杜有新, 男, 1965年生, 博士, 研究员. 主要从事植被生态学与植物引种驯化研究, 发表论文30余篇. E-mail: yxdu765@sohu.com
基金资助:
本文由浙江省重点研发计划项目(2015C02SAB00004)资助.

Early effects of forest harvesting gap on understory plant diversity of three different plantations in Baiyun Mountain, China.

DU You-xin¹, LIU Wei², WANG Jun-feng¹, YOU Gen-biao², YE He-jun², LIAN Fa-liang¹, HE Xiao-yong^1*

¹Lishui Academy of Forestry, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China;
² Lihsui Baiyun Ecology Forest Farm, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China

Received:2017-12-26 Online:2018-07-18 Published:2018-07-18
Contact: *E-mail: 332744534@qq.com
Supported by:
This work was supported by Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province, China (2015C02SAB00004).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 马尾松、杉木和毛竹是长江流域低山丘陵地区的主要用材树种,其人工林群落结构简单和生物多样性低下是普遍存在的生态学问题.为了解采伐林窗对3种人工林林下植物多样性的影响,选择生境条件基本一致的3种林分,以林下为对照,比较了通过采伐获得的不同大小林窗间植物生活型构成和多样性差异.结果表明: 采伐林窗后2年,3种林分中杉木林的植物种类最多,达57种,其次是毛竹林(53种)和马尾松林(41种).在采伐林窗初期,杉木林和毛竹林林窗内物种数显著高于对照,但马尾松林林窗与对照没有显著差异.500 m²林窗内的高位芽植物比例显著高于其他林窗,250 m²林窗内地面芽和一年生植物比例较高,而50 m²林窗内地下芽植物的比例较高.相同林分不同大小林窗之间物种相似度高于其与对照之间,也高于与其他林分林窗之间;林分林窗与其他林分对照的相似度普遍较低.不同大小林窗下物种丰富度、Simpson生态优势度、Shannon多样性指数均存在显著差异;林分类型对物种丰富度和Shannon多样性指数有显著影响,但对Simpson生态优势度没有影响;林窗大小和林分类型的交互作用对所有指数均无显著影响.通过采伐林窗,林下植物生活型谱发生了变化,植物多样性水平有所提高.

Abstract: Pinus massoniana, Cunninghamia lanceolata, and Phyllostachys edulis are the main afforesting species in the low hilly areas and valley of the southern Yangtze River for commercial purpose. Ecological problems such as the monotonous community structure and low biodiversity are common in these plantations. To understand the effect of forest harvesting gap on the understory plant diversity in the three plantations, different size gaps with identical habitats were conducted with cano-pies as control in the three plantations in Baiyun Mountain. The life form spectrum of plants and plant diversity were compared among the different forest gaps. The results showed that species richness was the highest in C. lanceolata plantation (57 species), followed by P. edulis plantation (53 species) and P. massoniana plantation (41 species) in two years after harvesting. In the early period, plant species were more abundant in the gaps than that in the controls in C. lanceolata and P. edulis plantations, but there was no significant difference between the gaps and the control in P. masso-niana plantation. The percentage of phanerophyte plants were significantly higher in the forest gaps covered 500 m²area than that with other sizes. The percentage of the hemicryptophyte and therophyte plants were higher in the forest gaps covered 250 m² area. The percentage of geophyte plants were higher in the forest gaps with 50 m² area than the others. The resembling coefficients between the different size gaps were higher than that between the gaps and the control in the same plantation. The resembling coefficients between different size gaps in the same plantation were higher than that between different size gaps in different plantations. The resembling coefficients between the gaps and the control in different plantations were generally lower than the others. The species richness, Simpson ecological dominance index, and Shannon diversity index differed significantly for different size gaps. Except for Simpson ecological dominance index, the indices were significantly influenced by the plantation types. The effects of the interaction between plantation types and gap sizes on these indices were not statistically significant. Forest harvesting gaps altered life form spectrum of understory plants and increased plant diversity in the three plantations

杜有新, 刘伟, 王军峰, 尤根彪, 叶和军, 练发良, 何小勇. 采伐林窗对白云山3种人工林林下植物多样性的早期影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(7): 2121-2128.

DU You-xin, LIU Wei, WANG Jun-feng, YOU Gen-biao, YE He-jun, LIAN Fa-liang, HE Xiao-yong. Early effects of forest harvesting gap on understory plant diversity of three different plantations in Baiyun Mountain, China.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(7): 2121-2128.

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采伐林窗对白云山3种人工林林下植物多样性的早期影响

Early effects of forest harvesting gap on understory plant diversity of three different plantations in Baiyun Mountain, China.

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