农产品抗生素残留现状及快速检测方法研究进展

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202405.031

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在农业上,抗生素广泛用于动物的疾病预防和治疗。但抗生素的过度使用,甚至滥用,使得抗生素残留和抗生素耐药性问题日渐严重。抗生素通过食物链的生物富集和放大,将影响生态环境安全,并最终危害人体健康。传统的抗生素检测技术存在程序繁琐、操作复杂、耗时长等一系列问题,难以满足即时、高效和准确的现场检测需求。因此,为应对抗生素引起的食品安全问题、规范抗生素在农业上的使用,建立农产品抗生素的快速检测技术显得十分重要。本文综述了世界主要国家地区抗生素在养殖业的使用和管理情况,以及抗生素在农产品中的残留特征和对生物体及环境的危害,归纳了近5年内农产品中抗生素快速检测技术的发展情况,对各项快速检测技术的优缺点进行了对比,最后对未来发展方向进行了展望。本文可为农产品抗生素管控和即时检测提供借鉴。

关键词: 农产品, 抗生素, 养殖业, 食品安全, 即时检测

Abstract: Antibiotics are widely utilized in agriculture for the prevention and treatment of animal diseases. How-ever, the abuse and overuse of antibiotics progressively increase the risks of antibiotic residues and antibiotic resis-tance. The bioaccumulation and biomagnification of antibiotics through food chains will negatively affect ecological safety, and finally threaten human health. There are many shortages of traditional antibiotic detection techniques, such as complex procedures, complicated operation and time consuming, and thus are difficult to meet the demand of instant, efficient and accurate on-site detection. Therefore, it is crucial to develop rapid detection techniques of antibiotics to manage the application of antibiotics in agriculture. We reviewed the utilization, and management of antibiotics in animal husbandry, residual characteristics, and potential hazards of antibiotics in agricultural products, summarized the advancements in rapid detection techniques of antibiotics in agricultural products over the past five years, compared the advantages and disadvantages of different rapid detection techniques, and prospected the future development in this area. This review would provide a valuable reference to the control and point-of-care test of antibiotics in agricultural products.

Key words: agricultural product, antibiotic, husbandry, food safety, point-of-care test

张根, 陈宝锐, 潘璐璐, 王慧, 杨波, 卜钦鹏. 农产品抗生素残留现状及快速检测方法研究进展[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 35(5): 1408-1418.

ZHANG Gen, CHEN Baorui, PAN Lulu, WANG Hui, YANG Bo, BU Qinpeng. Research status and rapid detection methods of antibiotic residues in agricultural products[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 35(5): 1408-1418.

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