甘肃省古树名木资源现状、问题与建议

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202502.035

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 丰富多彩的自然景观和璀璨的历史文化孕育了甘肃省丰富的古树名木资源。如今,发展古树名木绿色经济已成为甘肃省生态文明建设的重要途径。本文在归纳整理已有文献资料的基础上,对甘肃省古树名木资源现状进行梳理。甘肃省古树名木资源主要分布在农村和偏远山区,人类活动/病虫害和气候变化(干旱为主)分别是居住区及其周边和偏远山区古树名木生存面临的主要威胁因素。不同区域古树名木研究和管理的内容有较大区别: 居住区及其周边主要以养护及复壮技术为主,偏远山区多注重古树科学价值开发而忽视了古树自身保护研究。针对目前甘肃省古树名木树龄鉴定精度和效率低、管护方案可行性差、法律制度不健全、公众参与度低等诸多问题,建议从以下4个方面推动甘肃省古树名木保护工作: 1) 优先发展年轮鉴定法和年轮-直径回归估测法,设立专业机构或团队,提高树龄鉴定精度和效率;2) 加强衰老古树名木的种群特征及其生物学机制研究;3) 深化对古树不同年龄段生长规律的认识,制定可行的古树保护措施;4) 完善相关法律法规及提高公众参与度。

关键词: 古树名木, 甘肃省, 树龄鉴定, 树木衰老

Abstract: The diverse natural landscapes and rich historical-cultural heritage have bestowed an abundant resource of ancient and notable trees (ANT) in Gansu Province. Currently, the green economy of ANT has become a pivotal avenue for the construction of ecological civilization in Gansu Province. Based on literature synthesis, we reviewed the current status of ANT resources in Gansu Province. The ANT resources in Gansu are mainly distributed in rural areas and remote mountainous regions. Human activities, pests, and diseases are the main threats to the survival of ANT in residential areas and their surroundings, while climate change, particularly drought, is the primary threat to ANT in remote mountainous areas. The research and management of ANT differ across regions: residential areas and their surrounding areas mainly focus on maintenance and rejuvenation techniques, while remote mountainous areas pay more attention to the development of the scientific value of ANT while neglecting the research on the protection of ANT. There are several challenges, including low accuracy and efficiency in age determination, poor feasibility of management, underdeveloped legal frameworks, and low public engagement. To overcome those challenges, we recommended to promote ANT protection from the following four aspects. 1) Prioritizing the development of tree-ring determination and tree-ring-diameter regression estimation methods. Establishing professional institutions or teams for the ANT protection to enhance the precision and efficiency of age determination. 2) Investigating the population characteristics and biological mechanisms of tree aging of ANT. 3) Deepening our understanding of tree growth patterns of ancient trees at different ages to propose practical conservation measures, and 4) Refining relevant laws and regulations, and increasing public participation.

Key words: ancient and notable tree; Gansu Province; tree age determination; tree aging

秦春, 马建成, 刘晶晶. 甘肃省古树名木资源现状、问题与建议[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(2): 605-613.

QIN Chun, MA Jiancheng, LIU Jingjing. Current situation, problems and suggestions of ancient and notable tree resources in Gansu Province, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(2): 605-613.

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