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应用生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 797-804.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202603.001

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄土高原重点保护野生植物的保护优先性评价及热点地区识别

张殷波1*, 韩怡璇2, 孙维多1, 张欣1, 王翔宇1, 秦浩3, 张晓龙1   

  1. 1山西财经大学资源环境学院, 太原 030006;
    2山西财经大学资源型经济转型发展研究院, 太原 030006;
    3山西财经大学统计学院, 太原 030006
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-31 接受日期:2025-12-30 出版日期:2026-03-18 发布日期:2026-09-18
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: zhangyinbo@sxu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张殷波, 女, 1979年生, 博士。主要从事生物多样性保护、生态经济学和气候变化研究。E-mail: zhangyinbo@sxu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(32171658)

Evaluation of conservation priority and identification of hotspots for key protected wild plants on the Loess Plateau, China

ZHANG Yinbo1*, HAN Yixuan2, SUN Weiduo1, ZHANG Xin1, WANG Xiangyu1, QIN Hao3, ZHANG Xiaolong1   

  1. 1College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan 030006, China;
    2Institute of Resource-based Economic Transformation Development, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan 030006, China;
    3School of Statistics, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan 030006, China
  • Received:2025-10-31 Accepted:2025-12-30 Online:2026-03-18 Published:2026-09-18

摘要: 重点保护野生植物是人类可持续发展的关键战略资源,同时在维系生物多样性中具有不可替代的作用。黄土高原植物区系在我国植物区系中占据重要地位,而脆弱的生态环境致使该地区生物多样性保护面临严峻挑战。本研究基于物种名录和地理分布数据库,选取濒危程度、保护等级、遗传价值、分布范围4个评价指标构建保护优先性定量评价体系,对黄土高原重点保护野生植物的保护优先性进行定量评估,进而依据区域物种丰富度和物种重要性识别其热点地区。结果表明:黄土高原重点保护野生植物共93种,隶属39科67属。依据保护优先值将保护植物划分4个保护优先等级,其中,重点保护14种、优先保护29种、次优保护16种、一般保护34种。保护植物分布在213个县域单位内,且集中分布在黄土高原南部和西部的个别县区,其中,陕西省眉县(33种)和周至县(21种)以及河南省灵宝市(21种)的物种丰富度最高;4个保护优先等级的物种丰富度在空间分布上存在差异。黄土高原重点保护野生植物的热点地区有7个,次热点地区有36个,这些地区可满足物种丰富度和物种重要值的双重保护目标。

关键词: 重点保护野生植物, 保护优先性, 地理分布, 保护规划, 热点地区

Abstract: The key protected wild plants are critical resources for human sustainable development, and play an irreplaceable role in maintaining biodiversity. The flora of the Loess Plateau occupies an important position in China's flora, but are facing severe challenges due to the fragile ecological environment in this region. Based on the species lists and geographical distribution database, we constructed a quantitative evaluation system for conservation priority with four evaluation indicators, including the degree of endangerment, protection level, genetic value, and distribution range. We quantitatively evaluated the conservation priority of key protected wild plants on the Loess Plateau. We further identified hotspots of key protected wild plants according to the regional species richness and species importance. The results showed that there were 93 species of key protected wild plants on the Loess Plateau, belonging to 67 genera and 39 families. According to the conservation priority values, the protected plants could be classified into 4 levels of conservation priority, among which 14 species were key protection, 29 species were priority protection, 16 species were sub-priority protection, and 34 species were general protection. The protected plants were distributed in 213 county-level administrative units, and were concentrated in some counties and districts in the southern and western parts of the Loess Plateau. Among them, Meixian County (33 species) and Zhouzhi County (21 species) in Shaanxi Province, as well as Lingbao City (21 species) in Henan Province, had the highest species richness. The species richness of the four conservation priority levels showed high spatial variations. A total of 7 hotspots and 36 sub-hotspots for key protected wild plants on the Loess Plateau were identified, which could meet the dual conservation goals of species richness and species importance.

Key words: key protected wild plant, conservation priority, geographic distribution, conservation planning, hotspot