不同垄作方式下厚层黑土区坡耕地土壤侵蚀对土壤质量的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.041

应用生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (7): 2206-2214.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.041

不同垄作方式下厚层黑土区坡耕地土壤侵蚀对土壤质量的影响

盛佳盈¹, 郑粉莉^1*, 王雪松¹, 师宏强², 梁瑞¹, 王伦¹

¹西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 水土保持与荒漠化整治全国重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100;
²三峡大学土木与建筑学院, 湖北宜昌 443002

收稿日期:2026-03-13 接受日期:2026-06-04 出版日期:2026-07-18 发布日期:2027-01-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: flzh@ms.iswc.ac.cn
作者简介:盛佳盈, 女, 2000年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事土壤侵蚀效应评价研究。E-mail: sjy15058557767@163.com
基金资助:
十四五国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2022YFD500102)资助。

Effects of soil erosion on soil quality of sloping farmland under different tillage methods in the typical thick-layer Mollisol region

SHENG Jiaying¹, ZHENG Fenli^1*, WANG Xuesong¹, SHI Hongqiang², LIANG Rui¹, WANG Lun¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Control, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
²College of Civil Engineering & Architecture, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China

Received:2026-03-13 Accepted:2026-06-04 Online:2026-07-18 Published:2027-01-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 不同垄作模式下厚层黑土区坡耕地土壤侵蚀对土壤质量的影响尚不清楚。本研究选取黑龙江省克山县坡长为320 m的自然坡面,布设无垄、顺坡窄垄和顺坡宽垄且无作物种植处理的野外观测场,通过稀土元素示踪并采用点穴标记方法估算土壤侵蚀速率和分析土壤侵蚀强度及分布,基于最小数据集法构建土壤质量评价体系,分析厚层黑土区坡耕地土壤质量对土壤侵蚀强度等级变化的响应特征。结果表明:1)无垄、顺坡窄垄和宽垄处理的坡面平均侵蚀速率分别为1725.7、2106.5和1898.4 t·km^-2·a^-1,顺坡宽垄和窄垄处理的坡面平均侵蚀速率较无垄处理分别增加10.0%和22.1%;0～280 m坡段以中度侵蚀和轻度侵蚀为主,280～320 m坡段以沉积为主。2)筛选土壤黏粒、有机碳、全氮、速效磷和β-1,4-葡萄糖苷酶构建土壤质量评价的最小数据集,其中土壤有机碳和速效磷是影响土壤质量的核心指标。无垄、顺坡窄垄和宽垄处理的平均土壤质量指数(SQI)分别为0.49、0.51和0.50。3)3种垄作方式下,SQI与土壤侵蚀强度等级呈显著负相关关系;土壤侵蚀强度不仅直接影响SQI,还通过改变土壤理化性质对SQI产生间接影响。总之,坡耕地土壤侵蚀是造成研究区坡耕地土壤质量退化的核心驱动因素。

关键词: 厚层黑土区, 土壤侵蚀-沉积, 最小数据集, 土壤质量退化

Abstract: The effects of soil erosion on soil quality of sloping farmland in thick Mollisol region under different tillage methods remain unclear. Thus, three field plots with three tillage treatments of no ridge, longitudinal narrow-ridge and wide-ridge without crop planting were established across a 320-m natural slope, located at thick Mollisol region in Keshan County, Heilongjiang Province. Soil erosion rates were estimated by rare earth element (REE) tracing based on the point sampling placement method, soil erosion intensity and its spatial distribution were analyzed. A soil quality evaluation system was constructed using the minimum data set method, and the responding characteristics of soil quality to soil erosion intensity grades were analyzed on sloping farmland in thick Mollisol regions. The results showed that: 1) The average slope erosion rates of the no-ridge, longitudinal narrow-ridge, and longitudinal wide-ridge treatments were 1725.7, 2106.5, and 1898.4 t·km^-2·a^-1, respectively. Compared with the no-ridge treatment, the average slope erosion rates of longitudinal wide-ridge and narrow-ridge treatments increased by 10.0% and 22.1%, respectively. The slope section of 0-280 m was dominated by light and moderate erosion, whereas the slope section of 280-320 m was mainly dominated by soil deposition. 2) Clay content, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and β-1,4-glucosidase were screened to construct the minimum data set for assessing soil quality. Among them, soil organic carbon and available phosphorus were the core factors affecting soil quality. The average soil quality index (SQI) values for the no-ridge, longitudinal narrow-ridge, and longitudinal wide-ridge treatments were 0.49, 0.51, and 0.50, respectively. 3) Under the three tillage methods, the SQI exhibited a significant negative correlation with soil erosion intensity grades. Soil erosion intensity directly affected SQI, and indirectly influenced SQI by altering soil physical and chemical properties. In conclusion, soil erosion was the core factor driving soil quality degradation of sloping farmland in the study area.

Key words: thick-layer Mollisol region, soil erosion-deposition, minimum data set, soil quality degradation

盛佳盈, 郑粉莉, 王雪松, 师宏强, 梁瑞, 王伦. 不同垄作方式下厚层黑土区坡耕地土壤侵蚀对土壤质量的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(7): 2206-2214.

SHENG Jiaying, ZHENG Fenli, WANG Xuesong, SHI Hongqiang, LIANG Rui, WANG Lun. Effects of soil erosion on soil quality of sloping farmland under different tillage methods in the typical thick-layer Mollisol region[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(7): 2206-2214.

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不同垄作方式下厚层黑土区坡耕地土壤侵蚀对土壤质量的影响

Effects of soil erosion on soil quality of sloping farmland under different tillage methods in the typical thick-layer Mollisol region

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