Double-ambient CO2 concentration affects the growth, development and sucking behavior of non-target brown plant hopper Nilaparvata lugens fed on transgenic Bt rice.

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201802.036

Abstract

Abstract: In recent years, the two issues of climate change including elevated CO₂ etc., and resistance of transgenic Bt crops against non-target insect pests have received widespread attention. Elevated CO₂ can affect the herbivorous insects. To date, there is no consensus about the effect of elevated CO₂ on the suck-feeding insect pests (non-target insect pests of transgenic Bt crops). Its effects on the suck-feeding behavior have rarely been reported. In this study, CO₂ levels were set up in artificial climate chamber to examined the effects of ambient (400 μL·L^-1) and double-ambient (800 μL·L^-1) CO₂ levels on the suck-feeding behavior, growth, development, and reproduction of the non-target insect pest of transgenic Bt rice, brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens. The results showed that CO₂ level significantly affected the egg and nymph duration, longevity and body mass of adults, and feeding behavior of the 4th and 5th instar nymphs, while had no effect on the fecundity of N. lugens. The duration of eggs and nymphs, and the longevity of female adults were significantly shortened by 4.0%, 4.2% and 6.6% respectively, the proportion of the macropterous adults was significantly increased by 11.6%, and the body mass of newly hatched female adults was significantly decreased by 2.2% by elevated CO₂. In addition, elevated CO₂ significantly enhanced the stylet puncturing efficiency of the 4th and 5th instar nymphs of N. lugens. The duration ofphloem ingestion of the N4b waveform was significantly prolonged by 60.0% and 50.1%, and the frequency significantly was increased by 230.0% and 155.9% for the 4th and 5th instar nymphs of N. lugens by elevated CO₂, respectively. It was concluded that double-ambient CO₂ could promote the growth and development of N. lugens through enhancing its suck-feeding, shorten the generation life-span and increase the macropertous adults’ proportion of N. lugens. Thus, it could result in the occurrence of non-target rice planthopper N. lugens and make the transgenic Bt crops face with harm risk due to migration and diffusion of N. lugens under elevated CO₂.

Key words: CO₂ concentration, EPG technology., Nilaparvata lugens, suck-feeding behavior, growth and development

LU Yong-qing, DAI Yang, YU Xiu-ying, YU Fu-lan, JIANG Shou-lin, ZHOU Zong-yuan, CHEN Fa-jun. Double-ambient CO₂ concentration affects the growth, development and sucking behavior of non-target brown plant hopper Nilaparvata lugens fed on transgenic Bt rice.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(2): 651-658.

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Double-ambient CO₂ concentration affects the growth, development and sucking behavior of non-target brown plant hopper Nilaparvata lugens fed on transgenic Bt rice.

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