Effect of row spacing on physiological characteristics and yield of intercropped peanut with wheat.

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201806.028

Abstract

Abstract: Using two peanut varieties Shanhua108 (early-maturing variety) and 780-15 (late maturing variety), a field experiment was conducted to investigate the influences of row-spacing of wheat (25 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm+20 cm) and two peanut cropping patterns (intercropped peanut with wheat, summer-sowing peanut) on yield components, photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant system, and dry matter accumulation and transportation. The results showed that wide spacing form of wheat and wide-narrow row planting pattern increased the pod yield, kernel yield, leaf area index, total dry matter accumulation and photosynthetic capacity, as well as SOD, POD and CAT activities, but decreased the MDA content. There are no obvious differences of wheat yield between the two row-spacing. Intercropping system increased peanut yield compared with summer-sowing peanut, which were much higher for wide-narrow row planting pattern than row spacing of 25 cm or 30 cm. The wide-narrow row planting pattern increased the pod yield and kernel yield by 6.3%, 13.3% and 7.7%, 16.5% for Shanhua108 and 780-15 than those of row spacing of 30 cm, respectively. Wide-narrow row planting could enlarge photosynthetic area, improve the net photosynthetic rate, and increase total dry matter accumulation. Meanwhile, it could alleviate the contradictionbetween the plant individual and group, delay the senescence, and increase peanut yield.

LIU Zhao-xin, LIU Ting-ru, LIU Yan, YANG Jian-qun, ZHEN Xiao-yu, LI Xin-xin, YANG Dong-qing, LI Xiang-dong. Effect of row spacing on physiological characteristics and yield of intercropped peanut with wheat.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(6): 1851-1959.

References

[1] Ofori F, Stern WR. The combined effects of nitrogen fertilizer and density of the legume component on production efficiency in a maize/cowpea intercrop system. Field Crops Research, 1987, 16: 43-52
[2] Wan S-B (万书波). Peanut Cultivation in China. Shanghai: Shanghai Scientce and Technology Press, 2003 (in Chinese)
[3] Yang L-H (杨利华), Zhang L-H (张丽华), Zhang Q-G (张全国), et al. Effect of row spacing pattern on yield and plant height uniformity in highly-densed summer maize.Journal of Maize Sciences (玉米科学), 2006, 14(6): 122-124 (in Chinese)
[4] Song W (宋伟), Zhao C-X (赵长星), Wang Y-F (王月福), et al. Influence of different planting patterns on field microclimate effect and yield of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2011, 31(23): 7188-7195 (in Chinese)
[5] Farnham DE. Row spacing, plant density, and hybrid effects on corn grain yield and moisture. Agronomy Journal, 2001, 93: 1049-1053
[6] Huang Z-X (黄振喜), Wang Y-J (王永军), Wang K-J (王空军), et al. Photosynthetic characteristics during grain filling stage of summer maize hybrids with high yield potential of 15000 kg·hm^-2. Acta Agronomica Sinica (作物学报), 2007, 40(9): 1898-1906 (in Chinese)
[7] Lambert DM, Lowenbergdeboer J. Economic analysis of row spacing for corn and soybean. Agronomy Journal, 2003, 95: 564-573
[8] Li N-N (李娜娜), Li H (李慧), Pei Y-T (裴艳婷), et al. Effects of allocations of row-spacing on photosynthetic characteristics and yield structure of winter wheat cultivars with different spike types. Scientia Agricultura Sinica (中国农业科学), 2010, 43(14): 2869-2878 (in Chinese)
[9] Yang J-S (杨吉顺), Gao H-Y (高辉远), Liu P (刘鹏), et al. Effects of planting density and row spacing on canopy apparent photosynthesis of high-yield summer corn. Acta Agronomica Sinica (作物学报), 2010, 36(7): 1226-1233 (in Chinese)
[10] Wei S-S (魏珊珊), Wang X-Y (王祥宇), Dong S-T (董树亭). Effects of row spacing on canopy structure and grain-filling characteristics of high-yield summer maize. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2014, 25(2): 441-450 (in Chinese)
[11] Li D-G (李东广), Yu H (余辉). Yield improvement mechanism of peanut ridge planting and supporting cultivation techniques. Bulletin of Agricultural Science and Technology (农业科技通讯), 2008(2): 103-104 (in Chinese)
[12] Guo F (郭峰), Wan S-B (万书波), Wang C-B (王才斌), et al. Micro-climatic effects of intercropped peanut with wheat and its influence on peanut growth and development. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology (中国农业气象), 2008, 29(3): 285-289 (in Chinese)
[13] Arnon DI. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplast, poly-phenol oxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology, 1949, 24: 1-15
[14] Wang A-G (王爱国), Luo G-H (罗广华), Shao C-B (邵从本). A study on the superoxide dismutase of soybean seeds. Plant Physiology Journal (植物生理学报), 1983, 9(1): 79-86 (in Chinese)
[15] Li Z-G (李忠光), Li J-H (李江鸿), Du C-K (杜朝昆). Simultaneous measurement of five antioxidant enzyme activities using a single extraction system. Journal of Yunnan Normal University (云南师范大学学报), 2002, 22(6): 44-48 (in Chinese)
[16] Chance B. Methods on Enzymology. New York: Academic Press, 1955: 764-765
[17] Lin Z-F (林植芳), Li S-S (李双顺), Lin G-Z (林桂珠), et al. Super oxide dismutase activity and lipid pero-xidation in relation to senescence of rice leaves. Bulletin of Botany (植物学报), 1984, 26(6): 45-47 (in Chinese)
[18] Liang Y (梁熠), Qi H (齐华), Wang J-Y (王敬亚), et al. Effects of growth and yield of maize under wide and narrow row cultivation. Journal of Maize Sciences (玉米科学), 2009, 17(4): 97-100 (in Chinese)
[19] Andrade FH, Calvino P, Cirilo A, et al. Yield responses to narrow rows depend on increased radiation interception. Agronomy Journal, 2002, 94: 975-980
[20] Reta-Sanchez DG, Fowler JL. Canopy light environment and yield of narrow-row cotton as affected by canopy architecture. Agronomy Journal, 2002, 94: 1317-1323
[21] Sharratt BS, Mcwilliams DA. Microclimatic and rooting characteristics of narrow-row versus conventional-row corn. Agronomy Journal, 2005, 97: 1129-1135
[22] Wu Z-H (武志海), Zhang Z-A (张治安), Chen Z-Y (陈展宇), et al. Researched on characteristics of canopy structure and photosynthetic characteristic of maize planting in double lines at one width ridge. Journal of Maize Sciences (玉米科学), 2005, 13(4): 62-65 (in Chinese)
[23] Liu Y (刘岩), Zhou X-B (周勋波), Chen Y-H (陈雨海), et al. Effects of planting patterns and irrigation on chlorophyll fluorescence and yield in winter wheat. Crops (作物杂志), 2011(1): 38-41 (in Chinese)
[24] Zou J-B (邹吉波). Technique of the alternately planting of the broad line and narrow line in corn cultivation.Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences (安徽农业科学), 2006, 34(9): 1824-1826 (in Chinese)
[25] Zhao D-C (赵殿忱), Chen Y (陈渊). Cultivation techniques with high density in wide-narrow ridge of soybean. System Sciences and Comprehensive Studies in Agriculture (农业系统科学与综合研究), 2000, 16(1) : 45-49 (in Chinese)
[26] Yuan L (袁琳), Ali K (克热木·伊力), Zhang L-Q (张利权). Effects of NaCl stress on active oxygen metabolism and membrane stability in Pistacia vera seedlings. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology (植物生态学报), 2005, 29(6): 985-991 (in Chinese)
[27] Wang H (汪洪), Zhao S-C (赵士诚), Xia W-J (夏文建), et al. Effect of cadmium stress on photosynthesis, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings. Plant Nutrition & Fertilizer Science (植物营养与肥料学报), 2008, 14(1): 36-42 (in Chinese)
[28] Gong M (龚明), Ding N-C (丁念诚), He Z-Y (贺子义). Correlation between lipid peroxidation damage and ultrastructural changes of mesophyllcells in barley and wheat seedlings during salt stress. Bulletin of Botany (植物学报), 1989, 31(11): 841-255 (in Chinese)
[29] Yang K-J (杨克军), Li M (李明), Li Z-H (李振华). Effect of cultivation way and community construction on material accumulation and yield formation of frigid corn. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin (中国农学通报), 2005, 21(11): 157-160 (in Chinese)
[30] Li X-D (李向东), Wan Y-S (万勇善), Zhang G-Y (张高英), et al. Study on the characteristics of growth and development and the dynamics of dry matter accumulation and distribution of summer peanut inter-planted in wheat. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences (中国油料作物学报), 1994, 16(4): 17-21 (in Chinese)
[31] Qin X-G (秦兴国). Study on Growth Regularity and Water Utilization Characteristics of Peanut Intercropped with Wheat. PhD Thesis. Tai’an: Shandong Agricultural University, 2012 (in Chinese)
[32] Zhang Y-Y (张艳艳), Chen J-S (陈建生), Zhang L-M (张利民), et al. Effect of different planting patterns on photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and distribution, and pod yield of peanut. Journal of Peanut Science (花生学报), 2007, 43(1): 39-43 (in Chinese)
[33] Wang C-B (王才斌), Cheng B (成波), Chi C-Y (迟成玉), et al. Study on growth regularity of high yield and cultivation methods of peanut intercropped with wheat. Journal of Peanut Science (花生学报), 1996, 2(2): 5-8 (in Chinese)