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Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (9): 3126-3136.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201909.024

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Effects of irrigation amounts on soil CO2, N2O and CH4 emissions in greenhouse tomato field.

CHEN Hui1,2, SHANG Zi-hui2,3, WANG Yun-fei2,3, ZHU Yan2,3, CAI Huan-jie2,3*   

  1. 1College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
    2College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A＆F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
    3Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Northwest A＆F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2018-10-16 Online:2019-09-15 Published:2019-09-15
  • Contact: * E-mail: caihj@nwafu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC0400200) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51309192).

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Abstract: To understand the effects of different irrigation amounts on soil CO2, N2O, and CH4 emission characteristics and tomato yield, and further put forward effective reduction measures, we carried out an experiment with three irrigation levels: full irrigation (1.0W, W1.0; W meant irrigation amount needed to provide the adequate water), 20% deficit irrigation (0.8W, W0.8) and 40% deficit irrigation (0.6W, W0.6). We used static closed chamber and gas chromatography method to measure greenhouse gas emission in two consecutive greenhouse tomato rotation cycles from April to December, 2017. The results showed that cumulative soil CO2, N2O and CH4 emissions increased with increasing irrigation amounts in the two growing seasons (W1.0＞W0.8＞W0.6), and significant difference of N2O between W0.6 and W1.0 was observed, while other treatment effects on soil gas emissions were not obvious. Compared to W1.0, cumulative soil CO2 emissions were decreased by 12.2% and 8.3%, cumulative soil N2O emissions were decreased by 19.1% and 8.0%, and cumulative soil CH4 emissions were reduced by 11.0% and 6.2% for W0.6 and W0.8, respectively. Tomato yield and global warming potential of soil N2O and CH4 emissions (GWP) increased as irrigation amount increasing. Compared with W1.0, W0.6 significantly decreased tomato yield by 17.0% and GWP by 22.9%, while the difference between the effects of W0.8 and W1.0 on these two parameters was not significant. Global warming potential per tomato yield presented an increase then a decrease as irrigation amount increasing (W0.8＞W1.0＞W0.6), but without stanificance. Irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) showed a decrease with increasing irrigation amount. Compared with W1.0, IWUE under W0.6 and W0.8 was increased by 38.3% and 9.4%, respectively. Soil CO2 flux was nega-tively and exponentially correlated with soil moisture. The dependence of soil CH4 flux on soil moisture showed a significantly positive correlation. An exponential negative correlation was observed between the soil N2O flux and soil temperature when soil temperature was below or above 18 ℃. Irrigation increased tomato yield and soil greenhouse gas emissions, but decreased IWUE. Therefore, W0.8 was the best mode of irrigation management when synthetically considering tomato yield, IWUE, and greenhouse effect.