Effects of soil structure improvement on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and yield of rice in a coastal reclamation region

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201910.026

Abstract

Abstract: To examine the effects of soil structure improvement due to the amendment of biochar and polyacrylamide (PAM) on the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of rice leaves and the yield of rice, a pit cultivation experiment was carried out in a coastal reclamation region. Three levels of biochar (0%, 2% and 5% by the mass of 0-20 cm surface soil and noted as B₁, B₂ and B₃, respectively) and PAM (0‰, 0.4‰ and 1‰ by the mass of 0-20 cm surface soil and noted as P_1,P₂ and P₃, respectively) were applied to the adopted soil, respectively. The results of the three-year experiment showed that an appropriate application quantity of biochar and PAM could improve the fluorescence characteristics of rice leaves. However, high levels of biochar and PAM had no obvious or even a negative effect. Among all the treatments, the B₂P₂ treatment always had the highest the maximum photochemical efficiency (F_v/F_m), the actual photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Φ_PSⅡ), the photochemical quenching coefficient (q_P) and the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) values during the whole growth period. The chlorophyll content (SPAD value) of rice leaves showed no significant difference among different biochar application levels. However, it showed significant differences among different PAM application levels, with the highest value under the soil amended with 0.4‰ PAM (the P₂ treatment). The application of biochar and PAM had significant impacts on rice yield, with the highest yield, namely 7236 kg·hm^-2, presenting under the B₂P₂ treatment, which was 28.5% higher than that of the control. The improved soil structure of the coastal saline soil due to the amendment of biochar and PAM affects rice yield mainly through its influences on the 1000-grain weight, the spike number per hole, the grain number per spike and the seed setting rate. It is concluded that improving soil structure by applying an appropriate quantity of biochar and PAM is conducive to increase the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and the yield of rice in the coastal reclamation region.

A LIMU·A-Bu-lai-ti, YAO Huai-zhu, SONG Yun-fei, FEI Yuan-hang, SHE Dong-li. Effects of soil structure improvement on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and yield of rice in a coastal reclamation region[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(10): 3435-3442.

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