Abstract: Infrastructure is a key spatial configuration entity for enhancing the adaptive capacity and ecosystem service functions of urban-rural systems. Based on the historical evolution of infrastructure development and conceptual transitions, we systematically traced the evolution of spatial infrastructure configuration: from grey infrastructure dominance, ecological infrastructure valorization and the emergence of green infrastructure to integrating green and grey infrastructure. We further revealed the contradictions of systematic constraints and insufficient adaptability of single-faceted green and grey single systems in dealing with complex urban-rural problems and sustainability demands, and emphasized the core logic of incorporating social, economic, and ecological processes into the infrastructure configuration system. Furthermore, we analyzed the core crux of infrastructure spatial configuration from the perspectives of theoretical system fragmentation, lack of value quantification, and obstacles in governance system. Finally, we proposed a solution path based on theory, method, and governance mechanism: 1) A theoretical framework and planning paradigm should be established to transfer green and grey infrastructure from “systemic constraints” to “socio-ecological compatibility”. 2) An integrated system should be constructed to identify green-grey elements, comprehensive evaluation, and decision support. 3) A bidirectional configuration mechanism characterized by top-level regulation-downward operation should be implemented. This review would provide a systematic framework and actionable pathways for advancing the sustainable transformation and performance optimization in urban-rural infrastructure systems.

Key words: infrastructure, integrating green and grey infrastructure, configuration evolution, systemic constraint, compatibility pathway