Functions of different cultivation modes in oasis agriculture on soil wind erosion control and soil moisture conservation

Abstract

Abstract: During 2001～2002,the effects of different cultivation modes including winter irrigation and zero tillage,crop-grass intercropping,and early spring film mulching on sand entrainment,wind velocity gradient and soil moisture conservation were studied in the middle reaches of the Heihe River in the Hexi Corridor region.The results showed that all these modes could reduce soil wind erosion and halt sand entrainment to different degrees.Compared with the bare fields exposed by spring plowing,early spring film mulching could increase soil moisture storage by 35.6%.At present,spring plowing and sowing was a main factor responsible to the occurrence of sand storms and the increase in suspended dust content.Farmlands in the upper and middle reaches of the Heihe River generally produced a dust transport up to 4.8～6.0 million tons per year,which was higher than that of sandy desert in the same region.In the Hexi Corridor region,the suspended dust amount produced from 1 hm² farmland was equivalent to that of 1.5 hm² desert.

Key words: Oasis agriculture, Cultivation mode, Crop-grass intercropping, Soil wind erosion, Soil moisture

CLC Number:

S714

SU Peixi, ZHAO Aifen, DU Mingwu. Functions of different cultivation modes in oasis agriculture on soil wind erosion control and soil moisture conservation[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, (9): 1536-1540.

References

[1] Argabright SM. 1991. Evolution in use and development of the wind erosion equation. J Soil Water Cons, 46(2): 104～105
[2] Bagnold RA. 1941. The Physics of Blown Sand and Desert Dunes.New York: William Morrow and Company. 6～8
[3] Chen J(陈杰),Yang J-P(杨京平),Wang Z-Q(王兆骞).2001.Dynamic simulation on growth and development of spring com in different cropping patterns in northern Zhejiang Province. Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),12(6):859～863(in Chinese)
[4] Dong G-R(董光荣),Li C-Z(李长治),Jin J(金炯),et al.1987.Some wind tunnel experiment results on soil erosion by wind. Chin Sci Bull(科学通报),32(4):297～301(in Chinese)
[5] Dong G-R(董光荣).2002.Chinese Desert Forming and Evolving,Climatic Change and Desertification. Beijing: Ocean Press. 416 ～421(in Chinese)
[6] Dong Z-B(董治宝),Chen W-N(陈渭南),Dong G-R(董光荣),et al. 1995. Quantitative relationship between soil erosion by wind and surface structure destruction.Chin Sci Bull(科学通报),40(1):54～57(in Chinese)
[7] Dong Z-B(董治宝),Chen W-N(陈渭南),Dong G-R(董光荣),et al. 1996. Influences of vegetation cover on the wind erosion of sandy soil.Acta Sci Circ(环境科学学报),16(4):437～443(in Chinese)
[8] Dong Z-B(董治宝),Chen W-N(陈渭南),Li Z-S(李振山),et al.1997. Study on wind erosion of aeolian sand soil under reclamation.Acta Pedol Sin(土壤学报),34(1):74～80(in Chinese)
[9] Duce RA, Unni CK, Ray BJ, et al. 1980. Long range atmospheric transport of soil dust from Asia to the tropical North Pacific:Temporal variability. Science, 209:1522～ 1524
[10] Fryrear DW, Krammes CA, Williamson DL, et al. 1994. Computing the wind erodible fraction of soil. J Soil Water Cons, 49(2): 183～188
[11] Fryrear DW. 1986. A field dust sampler. J Soil Water Cons, 41:117～120
[12] Gao Y, Arimoto R, Zhou MY, et al. 1992. Relationship between the dust concentrations over Eastern Asia and the remote North Pacific. J Geophys Res, 97: 9867 ～ 9872
[13] George RF. 1991. Advances in wind and water erosion prediction. J Soil Water Cons, 46(1) :27～29
[14] Hai C-X(海春兴),Liu B-Y(刘宝元),Zhao Y(赵烨).2002.Influence of soil humidity and vegetation coverage on wind erosion.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),13(8):1057～1058(in Chinese)
[15] Li F-X(李福兴),Yao J-H(姚建华).1998.Integrated Research of Economic Development and Environment Renovating in Hexi Corridor Regions. Beijing: China Environment Science Press. 39 ～ 48 (in Chinese)
[16] Liu X-B(刘晓冰),Song C-Y(宋春雨),Herbert SJ,et al.2002.Ecological effects of cover crops.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),13(3) :365～368(in Chinese)
[17] Liu X-M(刘新民),Wang Z-X(王振先),Tang Z-Z(唐宗泽),et al. 1987. Integrated transformation of desertification land in the periqheral districts of oases.J Arid Land Res Environ(干旱区资源与环境),1(1):98～105(in Chinese)
[18] Liu Y(刘毅),Zhou M-Y(周明煜).1999.The internal variation of mineral aerosols in the surface air over Beijing and the East China Sea.Acta Sci Circ(环境科学学报),19(6):642 647(in Chinese)
[19] Lu M(路明).2002.Formation causes and control of sandstorm in China.Sci Agric Sin(中国农业科学),35(4):440～446(in Chinese)
[20] Pye K, Tsoar H. 1990. Aeolian Sand and Sand Dunes. London: Academic Division of Unwin Hyman Limited. 45～47
[21] Reicosky OC, Forcella F. 1998. Cover crop and soil quality interactions in agroecosystems. J Soil Water Cons, 53 (3) : 224 ～ 229
[22] Su P-X(苏培玺),Du M-W(杜明武),Zhao A-F(赵爱芬),et al.2002. Study on water requirement law of some crops and different planting mode in oasis.Agric Res Arid Area(干旱地区农业研究),20(2):79～85(in Chinese)
[23] Su P-X(苏培玺).2000.Research on soil dynamic constants of sandy land.J Des Res(中国沙漠),20(3):329～332(in Chinese)
[24] Uematsu M, Duce RA, Prospero JM, et al. 1983. Transport of mineral aerosol from Asia over the North Pacific Ocean. J Geophys Res,88: 5343 ～ 5352
[25] Wang J(王俊),Li F-M(李凤民),Song Q-H(宋秋华),et al 2003. Effects of plastic film mulching on soil temperature and moisture and on yield formation of spring wheat. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报),14(2):205～210(in Chinese)
[26] Wang S-G(王式功),Wang J-Y(王金艳),Zhou Z-J(周自江),et al. 2003. Regional characteristics of dust events in China. Acta Geogr Sin(地理学报),58(2):193～200(in Chinese)
[27] Wang X-B(王小彬),Cai D-X(蔡典雄),Jin K(金轲),et al.2003. Water availability for winter wheat affected by summer fallow tillage practices in sloping dryland.Sci Agric Sin(中国农业科学),36(9):1044～1049(in Chinese)
[28] Wu Z(吴正).1987.Aeolian Sand Geomorphology.Beijing:Science Press. 24～26,279～281(in Chinese)
[29] Zhang D-Z(张代洲),Zhao C-S(赵春生),Qin Y(秦瑜).1998.Composition and morphology analyses of dust particles. Acta Sci Circ(环境科学学报),18(5):449～456(in Chinese)
[30] Zhang L-F(张立峰),Bian X-J(边秀举),Fan B-X(樊秉戌).1997. Water use efficiency of reduced tillage with "strip-loosing and stub-sowing" and "water-nutrient collecting". Agric Res Arid Area (干旱地区农业研究),15(3):33～36(in Chinese)
[31] Zobeck TM. 1991. Soil properties affecting wind erosion. J Soil Water Cons, 46(2): 112～ 118