Abstract: Typical paddy and upland soils were collected from a hilly subtropical redsoil region. ^14Clabeled dissolved organic carbon (¹⁴CDOC) was extracted from the paddy and upland soils incorporated with ¹⁴Clabeled straw after a 30-day (d) incubation period under simulated field conditions. A 100-d incubation experiment (25 ℃) with the addition of ¹⁴CDOC to paddy and upland soils was conducted to monitor the dynamics of ¹⁴CDOC mineralization under different soil moisture conditions \[45%, 60%, 75%, 90%, and 105% of the field water holding capacity (WHC)\]. The results showed that after 100 days, 28.7%-61.4% of the labeled DOC in the two types of soils was mineralized to CO₂. The mineralization rates of DOC in the paddy soils were significantly higher than in the upland soils under all soil moisture conditions, owing to the less complex composition of DOC in the paddy soils. The aerobic condition was beneficial for DOC mineralization in both soils, and the anaerobic condition was beneficial for DOC accumulation. The biodegradability and the proportion of the labile fraction of the added DOC increased with the increase of soil moisture (45%-90% WHC). Within 100 days, the labile DOC fraction accounted for 80.5%-91.1% (paddy soil) and 66.3%-72.4% (upland soil) of the cumulative mineralization of DOC, implying that the biodegradation rate of DOC was controlled by the percentage of labile DOC fraction.