Dominant species of cephalopods and their niche characteristics in offshore of northern South China Sea

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202008.031

Abstract

Abstract: To understand the relationships among dominant species of cephalopods in offshore nor-thern South China Sea, we examined the niche characteristics of these dominant species from both spatial and temporal dimensions using the index of relative importance (IRI), the niche breadth and overlap indices based on fishery resources data from the bottom-trawl survey for four seasons during 2014-2015. The results showed that five dominant species of cephalopods were recorded for four seasons, including Loligo edulis, L. chinensis, L. beka, Sepia esculenta, and L. duvaucelii. The first two species were shared by all seasons. Compared with historical data, the composition of dominant cephalopods species had changed. The cephalopods resource exhibited obvious temporal and spatial variations. Stock density was higher in the sea area extending from the southern Hainan Island to eastern Guangdong Province than that in Beibu Gulf. The seasonal variation was characte-rized by the largest in summer but the smallest in winter. The temporal and spatial niche analysis showed that there was inconsistent in the order between temporal and spatial niche breadths for domi-nant species. L. edulis (1.32) and L. chinensis (3.90) occupied the largest temporal and spatial niche breadths, respectively. The smallest of temporal and spatial niche breadths were shown for S. esculenta (0.98) and L. duvaucelii (2.04), respectively. Though the temporal niche overlap was numerically larger than the spatial niche overlap, both of them had higher values in interspecies among L. edulis, L. chinensis, L. beka, and the lower overlap for the species pairs between L. duvaucelii and other species. The result of correlation analysis suggested that niche breadth exhibited a significant negative correlation with variation in abundance on both temporal and spatial scales. The ecological niche could reflect the tempo-spatial changes of species resource, which enriched the traditional methods of fishery communities.

Key words: niche breadth, niche overlap, time-space dimension, cephalopods

CAI Yan-cong, SUN Ming-shuai, XU You-wei, LI Jia-jun, HUANG Zi-rong, CHEN Zuo-zhi, YANG Chang-ping, LIU Wei-da, ZHANG Heng. Dominant species of cephalopods and their niche characteristics in offshore of northern South China Sea[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(8): 2793-2803.

References

[1] Xavier JC, Allcock AL, Cherel Y, et al. Future challenges in cephalopod research. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 2014, 95: 999-1015
[2] Staudinger MD, Juanes F, Salmon B, et al. The distribution, diversity, and importance of cephalopods in top predator diets from offshore habitats of the Northwest Atlantic Ocean. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2013, 95: 182-192
[3] de la Chesnais T, Fulton EA, Tracey SR, et al. The ecological role of cephalopods and their representation in ecosystem models. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fishe-ries, 2019, 29: 313-334
[4] Pang Y, Tian Y, Fu C, et al. Variability of coastal cephalopods in overexploited China seas under climate change with implications on fisheries management. Fishe-ries Research, 2018, 208: 22-33
[5] 陈新军. 世界头足类资源开发现状及我国远洋鱿钓渔业发展对策. 上海海洋大学学报, 2018, 28(3): 321-330 [Chen X-J. Development status of world cepha-lopod fisheries and developing suggestions of squid jigging fishery in China. Journal of Shanghai Ocean University, 2018, 28(3): 321-330]
[6] 郭金富. 南海头足类的合理利用. 海洋渔业, 1998(3): 97-99 [Guo J-F. Rational utilization of cephalopods in the South China Sea. Marine Fisheries, 1998(3): 97-99]
[7] Norman MD, Nabhitabhata J, Lu CC. An updated checklist of the cephalopods of the South China Sea. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 2016, 34: 566-592
[8] 张金屯. 数量生态学. 北京: 科学出版社, 2004: 120-125 [Zhang J-T. Quantitative Ecology. Beijing: Science Press, 2004: 120-125]
[9] 李丰刀女, 朱金兆, 朱清科. 生态位理论及其测度研究进展. 北京林业大学学报, 2003, 25(1): 100-107 [Li J, Zhu J-Z, Zhu Q-K. A review on niche theory and niche metrics. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2003, 25(1): 100-107]
[10] 周亚琦, 官凤英, 范少辉, 等. 天宝岩竹阔混交林毛竹及其伴生树种生态位的研究. 北京林业大学学报, 2017, 39(7): 46-53 [Zhou Y-Q, Guan F-Y, Fan S-H, et al. Characteristics of Phyllostachys edulis and its associated tree species in Tianbaoyan bamboo and broadleaved mixed forest. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2017, 39(7): 46-53]
[11] 董冬, 许小天, 周志翔, 等. 安徽九华山风景区古树群落主要种群生态位的动态变化. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(5): 28-40 [Dong D, Xu X-T, Zhou Z-X, et al. Niche dynamics of main populations of old-tree communities in Jiuhua Mountain Scenic Aera of Anhui Pro-vince. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2019, 38(5): 28-40]
[12] 郭平平, 税伟, 江聪, 等. 退化天坑倒石坡林下优势物种生态位特征. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(11): 3635-3645 [Guo P-P, Shui W, Jiang C, et al. Niche characteristics of understory dominant specie of talus slope in degraded tiankeng. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(11): 3635-3645]
[13] 郭燕, 杨邵, 沈雅飞, 等. 三峡库区消落带现存草本植物组成与生态位. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(11): 3559-3568 [Guo Y, Yang S, Shen Y-F, et al. Composition and niche of the existing herbaceous plants in the water-level-fluctuating zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(11): 3559-3568]
[14] 林玥霏, 巫志龙, 周成军, 等. 采伐干扰下次生林灌木层主要树种的生态位动态. 森林与环境学报, 2020, 40(1): 1-8 [Lin Y-F, Wu Z-L, Zhou C-J, et al. Effect of harvesting on niche dynamics of the main tree species in the shrub layer of a secondary forest. Journal of Forest and Environment, 2020, 40(1): 1-8]
[15] 苗福泓, 薛冉, 郭正刚, 等. 青藏高原东北边缘高寒草甸植物种群生态位特征对牦牛放牧的响应. 草业学报, 2016, 25(1): 88-97 [Miao F-H, Xue R, Guo Z-G, et al. Influence of yak grazing on plant niche cha-racteristics in alpine meadow communities at the northeastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2016, 25(1): 88-97]
[16] 井光花, 程积民, 苏纪帅, 等. 黄土区长期封育草地优势物种生态位宽度与生态位重叠对不同干扰的响应特征. 草业学报, 2015, 24(9): 43-52 [Jing G-H, Cheng J-M, Su J-S, et al. Response of dominant population niche breadths and niche overlaps to various disturbance factors in typical steppe fenced grassland of China's Loess Plateau region. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2015, 24(9): 43-52]
[17] 李淑英, 朱加保, 路献勇, 等. 皖西南春棉田主要害虫和天敌种群时序动态格局. 中国农学通报, 2016, 32(14): 68-74 [Li S-Y, Zhu J-B, Lu X-Y, et al. Dynamic temporal pattern of dominant population of pests and natural enemies in spring cotton field in southwes-tern Anhui Province. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2016, 32(14): 68-74]
[18] 杜浩, 刘坤, 赵广, 等. 梨瘿蚊及其天敌种群动态和时空生态位研究. 中国植保导刊, 2019, 39(3): 35-40 [Du H, Liu K, Zhao G, et al. Population dynamics and spatio temporal niches of Dasineura pyri (Bouche) and its natural enemies on pear tree. China Plant Protection, 2019, 39(3): 35-40]
[19] 吴佳梦, 徐娜娜, 张文珺, 等. 浙江舟山定海护城河浮游植物优势种生态位与种间联结性季节性分析. 湖泊科学, 2019, 31(2): 429-439 [Wu J-M, Xu N-N, Zhang W-J, et al. Seasonal analysis of the niche and interspecific association of dominant species of phytoplankton in the Dinghai Moat, Zhoushan City. Journal of Lake Sciences, 2019, 31(2): 429-439]
[20] 徐凤洁, 俞秋佳, 王昊彬, 等. 淀山湖夏秋季浮游植物优势种生态特征分析. 华东师范大学学报:自然科学版, 2014(6): 90-100, 120 [Xu F-J, Yu Q-J, Wang H-B, et al. Ecological characteristics analysis of phytoplankton's dominant species in summer and autumn in the Dianshan Lake, China. Journal of East China Normal University: Natural Science, 2014(6): 90-100, 120]
[21] 张皓, 宋昌民, 闫启仑, 等. 辽河口春、夏季浮游动物空间生态位的比较. 海洋环境科学, 2016, 35(6): 920-925 [Zhang H, Song C-M, Yan Q-L, et al. Comparative studies on the spatial niche of zooplankton in the Liaohe estuary in spring and summer. Marine Environmental Science, 2016, 35(6): 920-925]
[22] 李兴, 李建茹, 李畅游. 内蒙古乌梁素海浮游植物优势种的生态位分析. 水生态学杂志, 2017, 38(6): 40-47 [Li X, Li J-R, Li C-Y. Ecological niche analysis of dominant phytoplankton species in Wuliangsuhai Lake, Inner Mongolia. Journal of Hydroecology, 2017, 38(6): 40-47]
[23] 卢占晖, 周永东, 朱文斌, 等. 浙江沿岸海域虾类优势种空间生态位分析. 海洋学报, 2018, 40(2): 77-86 [Lu Z-H, Zhou Y-D, Zhu W-B, et al. Spatial niches analysis of dominant shrimp species in the coastal area of Zhejiang Province. Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2018, 40(2): 77-86]
[24] 徐开达, 卢衎尔, 卢占晖, 等. 韭山列岛自然保护区虾类优势种生态位. 生物多样性, 2018, 26(6): 601-610 [Xu K-D, Lu K-E, Lu Z-H, et al. Ecological niche analysis of dominant shrimp species in the Jiushan Islands Marine Nature Reserve. Biodiversity Science, 2018, 26(6): 601-610]
[25] 李凡, 徐炳庆, 吕振波, 等. 莱州湾鱼类群落优势种生态位. 生态学报, 2018, 38(14): 5195-5205 [Li F, Xu B-Q, Lv Z-B, et al. Ecological niche of dominant species of fish assemblages in Laizhou Bay, China. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018, 38(14): 5195-5205]
[26] 李显森, 于振海, 孙珊, 等. 长江口及其毗邻海域鱼类群落优势种的生态位宽度与重叠. 应用生态学报, 2013, 24(8): 2353-2359 [Li X-S, Yu Z-H, Sun S, et al. Ecological niche breadth and niche overlap of domi-nant species of fish assemblage in Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent waters. Chinese Journal of Applied Eco-logy, 2013, 24(8): 2353-2359]
[27] 董静瑞, 水柏年, 胡成业, 等. 温州南部沿岸海域主要鱼类的生态位及种间联结性. 应用生态学报, 2017, 28(5): 1699-1706 [Dong J-R, Shui B-N, Hu C-Y, et al. Niche and interspecific association of the dominant fish in the south coastal waters of Wenzhou, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28(5): 1699-1706]
[28] 彭松耀, 李新正, 王洪法, 等. 南黄海春季大型底栖动物优势种生态位. 生态学报, 2015, 35(6): 1917-1928 [Peng S-Y, Li X-Z, Wang H-F, et al. Niche analysis of dominant species of macrozoobenthic community in the southern Yellow Sea in spring. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2015, 35(6): 1917-1928]
[29] 汤雁滨, 廖一波, 寿鹿, 等. 南麂列岛潮间带大型底栖动物群落优势种生态位. 生态学报, 2016, 36(2): 489-498 [Tang Y-B, Liao Y-B, Shou L, et al. Intertidal zone of the Nanji Islands is a niche for dominant species of the macrobenthic community. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2016, 36(2): 489-498]
[30] 岑竞仪, 吕淑果, 张华, 等. 海南澄迈湾浮游植物群落生态位研究. 海洋环境科学, 2014, 33(5): 709-713 [Cen J-Y, Lv S-G, Zhang H, et al. Niche analysis of phytoplankton's dominant species in Chengmai Port. Marine Environmental Science, 2014, 33(5): 709-713]
[31] 李超男, 水玉跃, 田阔, 等. 温州湾春季主要游泳动物生态位与种间联结性. 生态学报, 2017, 37(16): 5522-5530 [Li C-N, Shui Y-Y, Tian K, et al. A study of niche and interspecific association and functional group of major nekton in the spring of Wenzhou Bay. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2017, 37(16): 5522-5530]
[32] 求锦津, 王咏雪, 李铁军, 等. 舟山长白海域主要游泳动物生态位及其分化研究. 生态学报, 2018, 38(18): 6759-6767 [Qiu J-J, Wang Y-X, Li T-J, et al. Study on the niche and differentiation of major nekton species in the Zhoushan Changbai sea area. Acta Ecolo-gica Sinica, 2018, 38(18): 6759-6767]
[33] 蔡研聪, 徐姗楠, 陈作志, 等. 南海北部近海渔业资源群落结构及其多样性现状. 南方水产科学, 2018, 14(2): 10-18 [Cai Y-C, Xu S-N, Chen Z-Z, et al. Current status of community structure and diversity of fishery resources in offshore northern South China Sea. South China Fisheries Science, 2018, 14(2): 10-18]
[34] Pinkas LM, Oliphant S, Iverson LK. Food habits of albacore, bluefin tuna and bonito in Californian waters. California Department of Fish and Game, Fishery Bulletin, 1971, 152: 1-105
[35] 许友伟, 江艳娥, 范江涛, 等. 南海中部海域秋冬季中层渔业生物群落结构的初步研究. 南方水产科学, 2016, 12(4): 49-56 [Xu Y-W, Jiang Y-E, Fan J-T, et al. Preliminary study on community structure of mesopelagic species in the central South China Sea during autumn and winter. South China Fisheries Science, 2016, 12(4): 49-56]
[36] 袁梦, 陈作志, 张俊, 等. 南海北部陆坡海域中层渔业生物群落结构特征. 南方水产科学, 2018, 14(1): 85-91 [Yuan M, Chen Z-Z, Zhang J, et al. Community structure of mesopelagic fish species in northern slope of South China Sea. South China Fisheries Science, 2018, 14(1): 85-91]
[37] Shannon CE, Weaver E. The Mathematical Theory of Communication. Urbana, IL, USA: University of Illinois Press, 1963
[38] Pianka ER. The structure of lizard communities. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 1973, 4: 53-74
[39] 何雄波, 李军, 沈忱, 等. 闽江口主要渔获鱼类的生态位宽度与重叠. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(9): 3085-3092 [He X-B, Li J, Shen C, et al. The breadth and overlap of ecological niche of major fish species in the Minjiang River Estuary, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(9): 3085-3092]
[40] 戴冬旭, 俞存根, 刘惠, 等. 南麂列岛东侧海域主要游泳动物生态位及种间联结性. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(12): 4249-4258 [Dai D-X, Yu C-G, Liu H, et al. Niche and interspecific association of major nekton in the sea area to the east of the Nanji Islands. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(12): 4249-4258]
[41] 于振海, 金显仕, 李显森. 黄海中南部主要鱼种的生态位分析. 渔业科学进展, 2010, 31(6): 1-8 [Yu Z-H, Jin X-S, Li X-S. Analysis of ecological niche for major fish species in the central and southern Yellow Sea. Progress in Fishery Sciences, 2010, 31(6): 1-8]
[42] 黄梓荣. 南海北部陆架区头足类的种类组成和资源密度分布. 南方水产, 2008, 4(5): 1-7 [Huang Z-R. Species composition and resources density of cephalopoda in the continental shelf of northern South China Sea. South China Fisheries Science, 2008, 4(5): 1-7]
[43] 郭金富, 陈丕茂. 南海头足类资源开发利用研究. 热带海洋, 2000, 19(4): 51-58 [Guo J-F, Chen P-M. A study on exploitation of cephalopoda stock in South China Sea. Tropic Oceanology, 2000, 19(4): 51-58]
[44] 金显仕, 窦硕增, 单秀娟, 等. 我国近海渔业资源可持续产出基础研究的热点问题. 渔业科学进展, 2015, 36(1): 124-131 [Jin X-S, Dou S-Z, Shan X-J, et al. Hot spots of frontiers in the research of sustainable yield of Chinese inshore fishery. Progress in Fishery Sciences, 2015, 36(1): 124-131]
[45] 宋旻鹏, 汪金海, 郑小东. 中国经济头足类增养殖现状及展望. 海洋科学, 2018, 42(3): 149-156 [Song M-P, Wang J-H, Zheng X-D. Present situation and prospect of economic cephalopod aquaculture in China. Marine Sciences, 2018, 42(3): 149-156]
[46] 陈新军, 刘必林, 王尧耕. 世界头足类. 北京: 海洋出版社, 2009: 379-432 [Chen X-J, Liu B-L, Wang Y-G. World Cephalopod Fisheries. Beijing: Ocean Press, 2009: 379-432]
[47] 胡成业, 水玉跃, 田阔, 等. 浙江七星列岛海洋特别保护区主要鱼类功能群划分及生态位分析. 生物多样性, 2016, 24(2): 175-184 [Hu C-Y, Shui Y-Y, Tian K, et al. Functional group classification and niche identification of major fish species in the Qixing Islands Marine Reserve, Zhejiang Province. Biodiversity Science, 2016, 24(2): 175-184]
[48] 陈程, 陈新军, 雷林, 等. 毛里塔尼亚海域底拖网头足类渔场与环境因子的关系研究. 广东海洋大学学报, 2016, 36(3): 45-51 [Chen C, Chen X-J, Lei L, et al. Relationship between fishing ground distribution of Mauritania bottom trawl fishery and environmental factors. Journal of Guangdong Ocean University, 2016, 36(3): 45-51]
[49] 朱文斌, 薛利建, 卢占晖, 等. 东海南部海域头足类群落结构特征及其与环境关系. 海洋与湖沼, 2014, 45(2): 436-442 [Zhu W-B, Xue L-J, Lu Z-H, et al. Cephalopod community structure and its relationship with environmental factors in the southern East China Sea. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 2014, 45(2): 436-442]