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Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology ›› 2024, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (9): 2571-2580.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202409.017

• Research Reports • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Distribution and prediction of biocrusts under the canopy of typical vascular plants on the Loess Plateau, Northwest China

LIU Ning1,3,4, YU Shunyao1,3,4, ZHANG Caiyue2, ZHAO Yunge1,2,3*   

  1. 1The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
    2State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
    3Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
    4University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2024-04-06 Accepted:2024-07-29 Online:2024-09-18 Published:2025-03-18

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Abstract: Vascular plants exert significant effects on micro-environment, thereby affecting the distribution of biological soil crusts (biocrusts). The relationship between vascular plants and the spatial distribution characteristics of biocrusts is largely unknown. We investigated the distribution characteristics of biocrusts under the canopy of vascular plants in the water-wind erosion crisscross area of the Loess Plateau, where larger areas of biocrusts had been formed since the implantation of “Grain for Green” project. We analyzed the relationship between the canopy characteristics of different vascular plants and the spatial distribution of biocrusts using correlation analysis and random forest importance ranking methods, and further constructed a predictive model for the area of biocrusts under the canopy of vascular plants. The results showed that: 1) Cyanobacteria crust was the predominant biocrusts, followed by moss crust. 2) The canopy of vascular plants affected the spatial distribution of biocrusts, with notable differences in distribution pattern across different directions under the canopy of vascular plants. Biocrusts were primarily distributed in the 270°-315° and 315°-360° directions, while was less frequent in the 90°-135° and 135°-180° directions. 3) Radially, the coverage of biocrusts gradually increased from the root-base to the edge of the canopy of vascular plants. 4) The coverage of biocrusts under canopy was significantly related to the characteristics of vascular plants, including canopy area, long crown width, short crown width, litter area and plant height. 5) The relative importance of canopy area, long crown width, and short crown width to the biocrusts under the canopy was 13.7%, 12.1%, and 11.9%, respectively, while the relative importance of plant height and species type was relatively low, being 6.7% and 4.4%, respectively. 6) Results of the random forest model demonstrated strong predictive performance for biocrusts distribution based on canopy characteristics of vascular plants, with a prediction accuracy of 0.59 (R2) and a root mean square error of 1.2 m2. This model could be applied to predict and estimate the area of biocrusts under the canopy of vascular plants. This study provided a theoretical basis for in-depth understanding of the relationship between vascular plants and biocrusts in semi-arid climate regions, as well as for predicting the spatial distribution of biocrusts.

Key words: vascular plant, biocrusts, canopy characteristic, spatial distribution, random forest