Effect of arid climate on underground growth of Bothrichloa ischaemum community

Abstract

Abstract: The underground growth of Bothrichloa ischaemum community in extremely arid year were compared with that of the community in1991 with normal precipitation, and hence, could reflect the effect of drought on underground growth of Bothrichloa ischaemum community. The results indicated that the peak value of underground biomass reached 1249 g穖^-2 in extremely arid year, higher than that in normal year (586 g穖^-2). Most roots distributed downwards in extremely arid year or arid seasons, and distributed upwards in normal year or rain seasons. The turnover rate of underground biomass in extremely arid year was 52.64%, significantly higher than that in normal year (18.36%). In extremely arid year, underground part and aboveground part competed with each other at the middle and later stage of growth, however, in normal year, they increased simultaneously presenting beeline correlativity on the whole. The biomass ratio of underground to aboveground in extremely arid year was 11.19 and significantly higher than that in normal year (2.03). Net underground primary production in extremely arid year was 390.7 g穖^-2 穣r^-1. and 2.63 times higher than that in normal year.

Key words: Arid climate, Bothrichloa ischaemum community, Root system, Biomass, straw returning, nutrient, soil water, nitrogen fertilizer, maize yield.

CLC Number:

S543.9

ZHANG Na, LIANG Yimi . Effect of arid climate on underground growth of Bothrichloa ischaemum community[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (7): 827-832.

References

[1] Aerts R,Boot RGA,et al.1991.The relation between above- and below-ground biomass allocation patterns and competitive ability.Oecologia,87:551～559
[2] Chen A-R(陈安仁).1984.Studies on Bothrichloa ischaemum community and its productivity.China Grass Land(中国草原),4(3):74～79(in Chinese)
[3] Coupland RT.1979.Grassland Ecosystems of the World:Analysis of Grasslands and Their Uses(part 2:Natural Temperate Grasslands).Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.IBP vol.18
[4] Dahlman RD and Kucera CL.1965.Root productivity and turnover in native prairie.Ecology,46(1):84～89
[5] Feng G-L(冯广龙),Liu M-M (刘昌明),et al.1996.Roles of soil water in regulating root growth and distribution.Eco-Agric Res(生态农业研究),4(3):5～9(in Chinese)
[6] Grassland Ecosystem Station in Inner Mongolia,Chinese Academy of Sciences.1985.Grassland Ecosystem Study-Ⅰ.Beijing :Science Press.17(in Chinese)
[7] Han S-F(韩仕峰),Huang X(黄旭).1993.Relationship between soil water utilization and ecological environment in the Loess plateau.Chin J Ecol(生态学杂志),12(1):25～28(in Chinese)
[8] Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources.1990.Nature resources and soil and water conservation of Xingzi watershed in Loess plateau.Xian:Shaanxi Science and Technology Press.145(in Chinese)
[9] Liu Y-L(刘友良).1992.Plant Physiology in Adverse Water Conditions.Beijing:Agricultural Press.34(in Chinese)
[10] Ma K-P(马克平),Zhou R-Ch (周瑞昌),et al.1992.The formation pattern of below-ground biomass of Calamagrostis angustifolia meadow.Pratacult Sci(草业科学),9(2):24～33(in Chinese)
[11] Resource Environment Science Bureau of Chinese Academy of Sciences.1992.Integrated Management and Development of Watersheds in Loess Plateau.Beijing:Sciences and Technology Literature Press.578～579(in Chinese)
[12] Sun L-A(孙力安).1992.Studies on seasonal variations of below-ground biomass of Bothrichloa ischaemum community in Loess hilly region(Thesis).Yanling,Shaanxi:Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Science and Ministry of Water Resources(in Chinese)
[13] Van der Maarel E,Titlyanova A.1989.Above-ground and below-ground biomass relations in steppes under different grazing conditions.Oikos,56:364～370
[14] Wang Y-F(王义凤),Jiang S(姜恕).1982.Effect of arid climate on community structure and aboveground biomass of Stipa grandis steppe.Phytoecol et Geobot Sin(植物生态学与地植物学丛刊),6(4):333～338(in Chinese)
[15] Yang D-L(杨殿林),Zhang Z-H(张志海).1992.Relationship between aboveground biomass and water and heat conditions in Hulunbeier grassland.Inner Mongolia Grass(内蒙古草原),6(3):25～27(in Chinese)
[16] Zhang N(张娜),Liang Y-M(梁一民).2000.The effect of arid climate on the structure and above-ground growth of Bothrichloa ischaemum community.Acta Ecol Sin(生态学报),20(6):965～966(in Chinese)
[17] Zhou Z-C(朱志诚),Jia D-L(贾东林).1992.Preliminary studies on the biomass of Bothrichloa ischaemum community of Loess plateau in north Shaanxi Province.Acta Bot Sin(植物学报),34(10) :806～808(in Chinese)