Current situation and prospect on the remediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals

Abstract

Abstract: Physio-chemical techniques and phytoremediation are the important methods for solving heavy metal pollution of evironment.According to the processes and mechanisms of reactions,physio-chemical techniques can be divided into chemical immobilization,soil washing and electrokinetic remediation,while phytoremediation includes phyto-stabilization,phyto-volatilization and phyto-extraction.The principles,advantages,disadvantages,feasibility and future research trends of the techniques were reviewed.

Key words: Heavy metal contaminated soil, Physio-chemical technique, Phytoremediation

CLC Number:

LONG Xinxian, YANG Xiao'e, NI Wuzhong . Current situation and prospect on the remediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (6): 757-762.

References

[1] Acar YB and Alshawabkeh AN.1993.Principles of electrokinetic remediation.Environ Sci Technol,27(13):2638～2647
[2] Baker AJM,Reeves RD and McGrath SP.1991. In situ deconta-mination of heavy metal polluted soils using crops of metal-accumulating plants - a feasibility study.In:Olfenbuttel RF ed.In situ Bioreclamation.Boston:Butterworth-Heinemann.539～544,600～605
[3] Baker AJM,Reeves RD and Hajar ASM.1994a.Heavy metal accumulation and tolerance in british populations of the metallophyte Thlaspi caerulescens J & C.Presl(Brassicaceae).New Phytol,127:61～68
[4] Baker AJM,McGrath SP,Sidoli CMD,et al.1994b.The possibility of in situ heavy metal decontamination of polluted soils using metal-accumulating plants.Rea Conserv Rec,11:41～49
[5] Banuelos GS,Cardon G,Mackey B,et al.1993.Boron and selenium removal in boron-laden soils by four sprinkier irrigated plant species.J Environ Qual,22:786～792
[6] Blaylock MJ,Salt DE,Dushenkov S,et al.1997.Enhanced accumulation of Pb in Indian mustard by soil-applied chelating agents.Environ Sci Technol,31:860～865
[7] Boisson J,Mench M,Vangronsveld J,et al.1999.Immobilization of trace metals and arsenic by different soil additives evaluation by means of chemical extractions.Commun Soil Plant Anal,30(3-4):365～387
[8] Brown GA and Elliott HA.1992.Influence of electrolytes on EDTA extraction of Pb from polluted soil.Water Air Soil Poll,62:157～168
[9] Brown SL,Chaney RL,Angle JS,et al.1994.Phytoremediation potential of Thlaspi caerulescens and bladder campion for zinc and cadmium-contaminated soil.J Environ Qual,23:1151～1157
[10] Brown SL,Chaney RL,Angle JS,et al.1995a.Zinc and cadmium uptake by hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens grown in nutrient solution.Soil Sci Soc Am J,59:125～133
[11] Brown SL,Chaney RL,Angle JS,et al.1995b.Zinc and cadmium uptake by hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens and metal tole-rant Silene vulgaris grown on sludge-amended soils.Environ Sci Technol,29:1581～1585
[12] Chaney RL.1983.Plant uptake of inorganic waste constituents.In:Parr JF eds.Land Treatment of Hazardous Wastes.Noyes Data Corp:Park Ridge.NJ.50～76
[13] Chen XB,Wright JV,Conca JL,et al.1997.Evaluation of heavy metal remediation using mineral apatite.Water Air Soil Poll,98:57～78
[14] Chlopecha A and Adriano DC.1996.Mimicked in-situ stabilization of metals in a cropped soil bioavailability and chemical form of zinc.Environ Sci Technol,30:3292～3303
[15] Conningham SD,Berti WR,Huang JW.1995.Remediation of contaminated soils and sludges by green plants.In:Hichee RE,Means JL,Burris DR eds.Bioremediation of Inorganic.Columbus-Richland.Batelle Press.33～36
[16] Cunningham SD,Berti WR and Huang JW.1995.Phytoremediation of contaminated soils.Bio/Technol,13:393～397
[17] De Souza MP,Pilon-Smits EAH,Lytle CM,et al.1998.Rate-limiting steps in selenium assimilation and volatilization by Indian mustard.Plant Physiol,117:1487～1494
[18] Duckart EC,Waldron LJ and Donner HE.1992.Selenium uptake and volatilization from plants growing in soil.Soil Sci,53:94～99
[19] Ebbs SD and Kochian LV.1997.Toxicity of zinc to Brassica species:Implication for phytoremediation.J Environ Qual,26:776～781
[20] Ebbs SD,Lasat MM,Brady DJ,et al.1997.Phytoextraction of cadmium and zinc from a contaminated soil.J Environ Qual,26:1424～1430
[21] Ebbs SD and Kochian LV.1998.Phytoextraction of zinc by oat(Avena sativa),Barley(Hordeum vulgare) and Indian mustard(Brassica juncea).Environ Sci Technol,32:802～806
[22] Elliott HA and Brown GA.1989.Comparative evaluation of NTA and EDTA for extractive decontaminatin of Pb-polluted soils.Water Air Soil Poll,45:361～369
[23] Elliott HA and Shastri NL.1999.Extractive decontamination of metal-polluted soils using oxalate.Water Air Soil Poll,110:335～346
[24] Evans LJ.1989.Chemistry of metal retention by soils.Environ Sci Technol,23:1047～1056
[25] Heil DM,Samani Z,Hanson AT,et al.1999.Remediation of lead contaminated soil by EDTA Ⅰ.Batch and column studies.Water Air Soil Poll,113:77～95
[26] Huang JW,Chen J,Berti WR,et al.1997.Phytoremediation of lead-contaminated soils:Role of synthetic chelates in lead phytoextraction.Environ Sci Technol,31:800～805
[27] Irenem CLO and Yang XY.1999.EDTA extraction of heavy me-tals from different soil fractions and synthetic soils.Water Air Soil Poll,109:219～236
[28] Kabata-Pendias A and Pendias H.1992.Trace Metals in Soil and Plants.Boca Raton:CRC Press.365～370
[29] Kawachi T and Kubo H.1999.Model experimental study on the migration behavior of heavy metals in electtokinetic remediation process for contaminated soil.Soil Sci Plant Nutr,45(2):259～268
[30] Lageman R.1993.Electroreclamation application in the Netherlands.Environ Sci Technol,27(13):2648～2650
[31] Lewis BG.1976.Selenium in biological systems and pathways for its volatilization in higher plants.In:Nriagu JO ed.Environmental Biogeochemistry: Carbon,Nitrogen,Phosphorus,Sulfur and Selenium Cycles.Ann Arbor,MI:Ann Arbor Sci.389～409
[32] Lewis BG,Johnson CM and Delwiche CC.1966.Release of volatile selenium compounds by plants,collection procedures and preliminary observations.J Agric Food Chem,14:638～640
[33] Lewis BG,Johnson CM,Broyer TC.1974.Volatile selenium in higher plants,the production of dimethyl selenide in cabbage leaves by enzymic cleavage of Se-methyl selenomethionine selenonium salt.Plant Soil,40:107～118
[34] Ma QY,Logan TJ,Traina ST,et al.1994.Effects of NO₃^--,Cl^-,F-,SO₂-4 and CO₂-3 on Pb2+ immobilization by hydroxyapatite.Environ Sci Technol,28:408～418
[35] Masscheleyn PH,Tack FM,Verloo MG.1999.A model for evaluating the feasibility of an extraction procedure for heavy metal removal from contaminated soils.Water Air Soil Poll,113:63～76
[36] Morrey DR,Balkwill K,Balkwill MJ,et al.1992.A review of some studis of the serpentine flora of southern Africa.In:Baker AJM,Proctor J and Reeves R eds.The Vegetation of Ultramafic(serpentine) Soils.Andover: Intercept Ltd.147～157
[37] Nanda-Kumar PBA,Dushenkov V,Motto H,et al.1995.Phytoextraction:the use of plants to remove heavy metals from soils.Environ Sci Technol,29(5):1232～1238
[38] Papassiopi N,Tambouris S and Kontopoulos A.1999.Removal of heavy metals from calcareous contaminnated soils by EDTA leaching.Water Air Soil Poll,109:1～15
[39] Pilon-Smits EAH,Huang S,Lytle CM,et al.1999.Overexpression of ATP sulfurylase in Indian mustard leads to increased selenate uptake,reduction and tolerance.Plant Physiol,119:123～132
[40] Probstein RF and Hick RE.1993.Removal of contaminants from soils by electric fields.Science,260:498～503
[41] Robinson BH,Brooks RR,Howes AW,et al.1997.The potential of the high-biomass nickel hyperaccumulator Berkheya coddii for phytoremediation and phytomining.J Geochem Explor,60:115～126
[42] Robinson BH,Leblanc M,Petit D, et al.1998.The potential of Thlaspi caerulescens for phytoremediation of contaminated soils.Plant Soil,203:47～56
[43] Rugh CL,Wilde HD,Stack NM,et al.1996.Mercuric ion reduction and resistance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing a modified bacterial merA gene.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,93:3182～3187
[44] Salt DE,Blaylock M,Nanda-Kumar PBA,et al.1995.Phytoremediation:A noval strategy for the removal of toxic metals from the environment using plants.Bio/Technol,13:468～474
[45] Salt DE,Smith RD and Raskin I.1998.Phytoremediation.Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol,49:643～668
[46] Terry N and Zayed A.1997.Remediation of selenium-contaminated soils and waters by phytovolatilization.In:Iskandar IK eds.Proc.Extended Abstr.4th Int.Conf.Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements.Washington DC:US Gov.Print.Off.651～652
[47] Traina SJ,Logan TJ.1994.Effect of aqueous Al,Cd,Cu,Fe(Ⅱ),Ni and Zn on Pb immobilization by hydroxyapatite.Environ Sci Technol,28:1219～1228
[48] Trombly J.1994.Electtokinetic remediation takes to the field.Environ Sci Technol,28(6):289～291
[49] Vangronsveld JF,Assche V and Clijsters H.1995.Reclamation of a bare industrial area contaminated by non-ferrous metals:In situ metal immobilization and revegetation.Environ Poll,87:51～59
[50] Vangronsveld J,Colpaert JV and Tichelen KKV.1996.Reclamation of a bare industrial area contaminated by non-ferrous metals physichemical and biological evaluation of the durability of soil treatment and revegetation.Environ Poll,94:131～140
[51] Watanabe ME.1997. Phytoremediation on the brink of commercialization.Environ Sci Technol,31:182～186
[52] Wu J,Hsu FC and Cunningham SD.1999.Chelate-assisted Pb phytoextraction:Pb availability,uptake and translocation constraints.Environ Sci Technol,33:1898～1904
[53] Zayed A and Terry N.1992.Selenium volatilization in Broccoli as influenced by sulfate supply.J Plant Physiol,140:646～652
[54] Zayed A and Terry N.1994.Selenium volatilization in roots and shoots: effects of shoot removal and sulfate level.J Plant Physiol,143:8～14
[55] Zhang PC and Ryan TA.1998.In vitro soil Pb solubility in the presence of hydroxyapatite.Environ Sci Technol,32:2763～2768
[56] Zhang PC.1999.Transformation of Pb(Ⅱ) from cerrusite to chloropyromorphite in the presence of hydroxyapatite under varying conditions of pH.Environ Sci Technol,33:625～630