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应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 1521-1528.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201905.023

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长白山温带阔叶红松林对温湿环境的调节效应

王珮环1,2, 陈智1,3*, 于贵瑞1,3, 王秋凤1,3, 贾彦龙2, 韩士杰4   

  1. 1中国生态系统研究网络综合研究中心/中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101;
    2河北农业大学林学院, 河北保定 071000;
    3中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100049;
    4河南大学, 河南开封 475001
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-31 修回日期:2019-01-31 出版日期:2019-05-15 发布日期:2019-05-15
  • 通讯作者: E-mail: chenz@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:王珮环,女,1998年生,学士.主要从事生态学研究.E-mail: 15131211836@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31600347)、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA19020302)和中国科学院大学生创新实践训练计划项目(20184002025)

Regulation effects of temperate broadleaved Korean pine forest on temperature and humidity in Changbai Mountain, China.

WANG Pei-huan1,2, CHEN Zhi1,3*, YU Gui-rui1,3, WANG Qiu-feng1,3, JIA Yan-long2, HAN Shi-jie4   

  1. 1Synthesis Research Center of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network/Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
    2Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, Hebei;
    3College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    4Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, Henan, China
  • Received:2019-01-31 Revised:2019-01-31 Online:2019-05-15 Published:2019-05-15
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31600347), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA19020302) and the Undergraduate Innovative Practice Training Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (20184002025).

摘要: 森林具有改善气候、调节微环境的作用,森林小气候的研究对于揭示森林生态系统功能、评估森林生态环境效益具有重要意义.本研究以长白山阔叶红松林为例,基于2003—2014年林内通量塔气象资料及其附近气象站空旷地的同时段气象资料,对其最高、最低和平均气温、相对湿度和表层土壤温度的日变化和季节变化进行对比分析.结果表明: 林内气温和相对湿度分别呈现单峰型和U型日变化规律,日较差较林外低2.31 ℃和8.3%,表层土壤温度日变化趋于恒定,阔叶红松林减缓了温湿度的日变化.夏季主要为降温效应,冬季表现出显著的增温效应.夏季林内气温和土温比林外低1.30和3.91 ℃;冬季林内气温和土温比林外高2.06和5.44 ℃.森林对最高温和最低温的调节效应显著.在季节尺度上,夏季森林降低最高气温和土温1.80和5.45 ℃,冬季提高最低气温和土温3.69和7.92 ℃.在年尺度上,林内年最高气温和土温分别较林外低1.60和4.99 ℃,年最低气温和土温分别较林外高1.12和8.82 ℃.森林对土温的调节效应强于对气温的调节效应.气温和土温均以对低温的保温作用为主.

Abstract: Forests can improve climate and regulate micro-environment. The study of forest micro-climate is of great significance to reveal forest ecosystem function and evaluate the benefits of forest ecological environment. With broadleaved Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountain as test material, the diurnal and seasonal variations of the mean, maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity and surface soil temperature were analyzed based on the meteorological data of flux tower in the forest and nearby meteorological station in the open land from 2003 to 2014. The results showed that air temperature and relative humidity in the forest showed a unimodal U-shaped diurnal pattern, respectively. The diurnal range was 2.31 ℃ and 8.3% lower than that of the open land. The diurnal surface soil temperature tended to be a constant, indicating an alleviating effects of broadleaved Korean pine forest on the diurnal variation of temperature and moisture. The cooling effect was mainly observed in summer, while the warming effect was significant in winter. The air and soil temperatures in forest in summer were 1.30 and 3.91 ℃ lower than those in the open land, and were 2.06 and 5.44 ℃ higher than those in the open land in winter. Forest regulated the maximum and minimum temperatures significantly. On the season scale, the maximum air and soil temperature in forest decreased by 1.80 and 5.45 ℃ in summer, while the minimum air and soil temperature increased by 3.69 and 7.92 ℃ in winter. On the annual scale, the maximum air and soil temperature in forest were 1.60 and 4.99 ℃ lower than those in the open land, and the minimum air and soil temperature were 1.12 and 8.82 ℃ higher than those in the open land, respectively. The regulating effects of forests on soil temperature was stronger than that on air temperature. Forests mainly warmed the air and soil temperature at cold condition.