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应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (10): 3605-3614.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201910.008

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    下一篇

大气氮沉降监测方法研究进展

吴玉凤1,2,3,4, 高霄鹏1,2,3*, 桂东伟1,2,3, 刘学军5   

  1. 1中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830011;
    2新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 新疆策勒 848300;
    3中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830011;
    4中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
    5中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-26 出版日期:2019-10-20 发布日期:2019-10-20
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: Xiaopeng.Gao@umanitoba.ca
  • 作者简介:吴玉凤, 女, 1991年生, 硕士研究生. 主要从事氮沉降研究. E-mail: yufengwu1001@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31870499, 31570002)资助

Research progress on the monitoring methods of atmospheric nitrogen deposition

WU Yu-feng1,2,3,4, GAO Xiao-peng1,2,3*, GUI Dong-wei1,2,3, LIU Xue-jun5   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
    2National Field Science Observation and Research Station of the Cele Desert Grassland Ecosystem in Xinjiang, Cele 848300, Xinjiang, China;
    3Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresources in Arid Areas, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
    4Chinese Academy of Sciences University, Beijing 100049, China;
    5College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2018-12-26 Online:2019-10-20 Published:2019-10-20
  • Contact: *E-mail: Xiaopeng.Gao@umanitoba.ca
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31870499,31570002).

摘要: 大气氮沉降是全球氮素生物地球化学循环中的重要环节,指包括氧化态(NOy)和还原态(NHx)的活性氮通过干、湿沉降两种方式从大气中移除并降落到地表的过程,对陆地和水生生态系统的结构和功能有重要影响.日益增加的氮沉降对自然生态系统和人类健康构成潜在威胁,如何准确监测不同生态系统的干、湿氮沉降的组成和通量,建立统一的监测技术方法是近年来的研究热点和难点之一.本文详细综述了近年来国内外干、湿氮沉降的监测方法,包括微气象学法、推算法、模型法、替代面法、降水采集法和离子交换树脂法等.并结合其在区域、国家及全球尺度的应用对比总结了不同方法的优缺点,为建立全国性的氮沉降监测网络提供方法学的支持.

Abstract: As an important component of global nitrogen (N) biogeochemical cycle, atmospheric N deposition refers to the removal process of reactive N, including oxidized N (NOy) and reduced N (NHx), from the atmosphere to earth surface through dry and wet deposition. Nitrogen deposition can exert important impacts on the structure and functioning of both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Increasing N deposition poses a potential threat to natural ecosystems and human health. It is a challenge to accurately monitor the composition and flux of dry and wet N deposition in different ecosystems, using a unified technology. Here, we reviewed the research progress on monitoring methods of dry and wet N deposition in China and aboard, including micrometeorology, inferential method, model estimation, surrogate surface, precipitation collection, and ion exchange resin methods. We further discussed the advantages and disadvantages of each method in terms of its applications at regional, national, and global scales. This review would provide a methodological support to establish national monitoring network for atmospheric N deposition.