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应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (9): 3187-3193.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202009.037

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三门湾大型底栖动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系

梁静香1, 周永东1,2, 王忠明1,2*, 张亚洲1,2, 金海卫1,2, 徐开达1,2   

  1. 1浙江海洋大学海洋与渔业研究所, 浙江舟山 316021;
    2浙江省海洋水产研究所/农业部重点渔场渔业资源科学观测实验站/浙江省海洋渔业资源可持续利用技术研究重点实验室, 浙江舟山 316021
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-06 接受日期:2020-06-22 出版日期:2020-09-15 发布日期:2021-03-15
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: wangzhongming@zjou.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:梁静香, 女, 1992年生, 硕士研究生. 主要从事大型底栖动物生态学研究. E-mail: 718839833@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD0901204,2019YFD0901205)、浙江省重点研发计划项目(2019C02056)和浙江省海洋渔业资源可持续利用技术研究重点实验室开放课题(01-269-2)资助

Community structure of macrozoobenthos and its relationship with environmental factors in Sanmen Bay, Zhejiang, China

LIANG Jing-xiang1, ZHOU Yong-dong1,2, WANG Zhong-ming1,2*, ZHANG Ya-zhou1,2, JIN Hai-wei1,2, XU Kai-da1,2   

  1. 1Institute of Marine and Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, China;
    2Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources for Key Fishing Grounds, Ministry of Agriculture/Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resources, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2020-01-06 Accepted:2020-06-22 Online:2020-09-15 Published:2021-03-15
  • Contact: * E-mail: wangzhongming@zjou.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Key R&D Program of China (2019YFD0901204, 2019YFD0901205), the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province, China (2019C02056), and the Open Project of Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization Technology for Marine Fishery Resources, Zhejiang Province, China (01-269-2).

摘要: 为了解三门湾大型底栖动物群落的现状和动态变化,分别于2015年11月、2016年2月、5月和8月在三门湾海域用阿氏拖网对大型底栖动物进行调查。结果表明: 经鉴定,大型底栖动物有119种,主要类群为鱼类、甲壳类和软体动物,占种类总数的79%。大型底栖动物全年优势种为细螯虾、长额超刺糠虾和六丝钝尾虾虎鱼,不同季节优势种的变化明显,种类差异性较大。大型底栖动物的年平均生物量和平均栖息密度分别为0.025 g·m-2和0.07 ind·m-2。三门湾大型底栖动物各季节的Shannon多样性指数为2.21~3.18,Margalef物种丰富度指数为3.25~3.78,Pielou均匀度指数为0.53~0.79。ABC曲线分析显示,在春季和冬季,群落受到中等程度干扰;而在夏季和秋季,群落受到轻微扰动。典范对应分析结果显示,水深、温度、盐度和pH值是影响大型底栖动物群落的最主要环境因子。

关键词: 大型底栖动物, 生物多样性, 典范对应分析, ABC曲线, 三门湾

Abstract: To understand the status and dynamics of macrozoobenthos community in Sanmen Bay, we collected benthos samples by Agassiz trawl in November 2015, and February, May and August in 2016. The results showed that: 1) A total of 119 macrozoobenthos species were recorded, with main groups of fishes, crustaceans and molluscs, accounting for 79% of the total number of species. 2) The dominant species of macrozoobenthos throughout the year were Leptochela gracilis, Hyperacanthomysis longirostris and Amblychaeturichthys hexanema. The identity of dominant species changed significantly in different seasons. 3) The annual average biomass and density were 0.025 g·m-2 and 0.07 ind·m-2, respectively. 4) The Shannon’s diversity index of macrozoobenthos in Sanmen Bay varied from 2.21 to 3.18, the Margalef’s species richness index varied from 3.25 to 3.78, and the Pielou’s evenness index varied from 0.53 to 0.79. Results from abundance-biomass curve analysis showed that the community was moderately disturbed in spring and winter, and slightly disturbed in summer and autumn. Results from Canonical correspondence analysis showed that water depth, temperature, salinity, and pH were the most important environmental factors affecting macrozoobenthos community.

Key words: macrozoobenthos, biodiversity, canonical correspondence analysis, ABC curve, Sanmen Bay