斑马鱼胚胎发育技术在毒性评价中的应用

应用生态学报 ›› 2002, Vol. ›› Issue (2): 252-254.

斑马鱼胚胎发育技术在毒性评价中的应用

朱琳, 史淑洁

南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 天津 300071

收稿日期:2001-07-19 修回日期:2001-11-11 出版日期:2002-02-15
通讯作者: 朱琳,男,1957年生,1996年获比利时布鲁塞尔自由大学理学博士学位,副教授,研究方向为生态毒理学和水生生态学,已发表论文30余篇.E-mail:zhulin@public.tpt.tj.cn
基金资助:
高等学校重点实验室访问学者基金;南京大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室基金资助项目

Utilization of embryo development technique of Brachydanio rerio to evaluateing toxicity on various chemicals

ZHU Lin, SHI Shujie

College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071

Received:2001-07-19 Revised:2001-11-11 Online:2002-02-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对斑马鱼(Brachydanio rerio)胚胎发育技术在环境科学领域的应用作一综述.斑马鱼胚胎毒性技术是各国际标准组织认可的标准毒性测定方法之一,属于致畸效应检验.该项技术成本低、易操作、灵敏度高,特别是具有可记录多项毒性指标的特点,并可以此判断污染物的致毒机理.斑马鱼胚胎发育过程受重金属影响较大,其中Cu的毒性最强,Hg次之,Cr最弱;有机农药中三苯基锡类(TPTA)的毒性最强,林丹次之;有机试剂中含卤素取代基和苯胺类毒性最大.这与其它毒性测定方法的结果完全一致,并表现出较高的灵敏度,特别是选用非致死性的指标.可以初步认定这对测定复合污染物毒性并分析毒物的致畸效应方面有很好的发展前景.

关键词: 斑马鱼, 胚胎发育, 毒性评价

Abstract: The application of Brachydanio rerio embryo development technique to research on environmental science was summarized in this paper.This testing technique was approved as one of standard methods for chemical toxicity test,especially for teratogensis,by international organizations (OECD,DIN).There are many advantages of this testing, e.g.,low cost, easy operation,high sensitivity and multiple sensible endpoints,comparing with other toxicity testing.Also,it was used to judge toxic mechanism of chemicals.The embryo develompent of zebrafish can be affected obviously by heavy metal,pesticide,organic reagent and complex chemicals.Among them,Cu and Hg appeared stronger toxicity,and Cr was weaker for heavy metals.TPTAand Lindane were higher toxicity within pesticide,and they were higher toxicity if the organic reagent with one or more halogen substituent (s) and aminobenzene.These results were correspondent with other toxicity testing,and it showed higher sensitivity,especially a sublethal endpoint was selected.Therefore,it can be expected to test toxicity and teratogensis on mixed pollutant monitoring.

Key words: Brachydanio rerio, Embryo development, Toxicity evaluation

中图分类号:

X502

朱琳, 史淑洁. 斑马鱼胚胎发育技术在毒性评价中的应用[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (2): 252-254.

ZHU Lin, SHI Shujie . Utilization of embryo development technique of Brachydanio rerio to evaluateing toxicity on various chemicals[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (2): 252-254.

参考文献

[1] Baganz D,Staaks G,Steinberg C.1998.Impact of the cyanobacteria toxin,microcystin-LR on behaviour of zebrafish(Danio rerio).Water Res,32:948～952
[2] Chou YJ,Daniel R.1999.Toxicity of nitromusks in early life stages of south African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) and zebrafish (Danio rerio).Toxicol Letters,111:17～25
[3] Dave G,Xiu RQ.1991.Toxicity of mercury,copper,nickel,lead,and cobalt to embryo and larval of zebrafish (B.rerio).Arch Environ Contam Toxicol,21:126～134
[4] Dave G.1987.Ring test of an embryo-larval toxicity test with zebrafish (B.rerio) using chromium and zinc as toxicants.Environ Toxicol Chem,6:61～71
[5] Ensenbach U.and Nagel R.1995.Toxicity of complex chemical mixtures:acute and long-term effects on different life stages of zebrafish (B.rerio).Ecotoxicol Environ Safety,30:151～157
[6] Ensenbach U,Nagel R.1997.Toxicity of binary chemical mixtures:Effects on reproduction of zebrafish (B.rerio).Arch Environ Contam Toxicol,32:204～210
[7] Friccius T,Schulte C.1995.An embryo test using the zebrafishA new possibility of testing and evaluating the toxicity of industrial waste water.Vom Wasser,84:407～418
[8] Gorge G,Nagel R.1990.Toxicity of lindane,atrazine,and deltamethrin to early life stages of zebrafish (B.ririo).Ecotoxicol Environ Safety,20:246～255
[9] Groth G,Schreeb K,Herdt V.1993.Toxicity studies in fertilized zebrafish eggs treated with N-methylamine,N,N-dimethylamine,2-amnoethanol,aniline,isopropylamine,N-methylaniline,N,N-dimethylaniline,quinone,chloroacetaldehyde,or cyclohexanol.Bull Environ Contam Toxicol,50:878～882
[10] Lange M.1995.Comparison of testing acute toxicity on embryos of zebrafish,Brachydanio rerio and RTG-2 cytotoxicity as possible alternatives to the acute fish test.Water Res,29:2087～2102
[11] Leeuwen V,Grootelaar EMM,Niebeek G.1990.Fish embryos as teratogenicity screens:A comparison of embryotoxicity between fish and birds.Ecotoxicol Environ Safety,20:42～52
[12] Oberemm A,Fasner J,Christian EW.1997.Effects of microcystin-LR and cyanobacterial crude extracts on embryo-larval development of zebrafish (Danio rerio).Water Res,31:2918～2921
[13] OECD.1998.Fish,short-term toxicity test on embryo and sac-fry stages.OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals,OECD TG212,Paris.
[14] Palmer FB.1998.Toxicity to embryo and adult zebrafish of copper complexes with two malonic acids as models for dissolved organic matter.Environ Toxicol Chem,17:1538～1545
[15] Schulte C,Nagel R.1994.Test acute toxicity in the embryo of zebrafish,Brachydanio rerio,as an alternative to the acute fish test:Preliminary results.ATLA,22:12～19
[16] Schulte C.1995.Testing acute toxicity in the embryo of zebrafish (B.rerio),an alternative to the fish acute toxicity test? Annual Report of Univ.Mainz.128～129
[17] Strmac M,Braunbeck T.1999.Effects of triphenyltin acetate on survival,hatching success,and liver ultrastructure of early life stages of zebrafish (D.rerio).Ecotoxicol Environ Safety,44:25～39