沟灌水氮耦合对毛白杨林木生长及水氮吸收利用的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202007.007

应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (7): 2314-2322.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202007.007

沟灌水氮耦合对毛白杨林木生长及水氮吸收利用的影响

于景麟, 刘峰, 贺曰林, 祝维, 席本野, 贾黎明^*

北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室, 北京 100083

收稿日期:2019-12-19 接受日期:2020-05-15 出版日期:2020-07-15 发布日期:2021-01-15
通讯作者: E-mail: jlm@ bjfu.edu.cn
作者简介:于景麟, 男, 1994年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事能源林与用材林培育研究。E-mail: 812274686@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0600403)和国家自然科学基金项目(31670625)资助

Effects of water and nitrogen coupling under furrow irrigation on tree growth, absorption and utilization of water and nitrogen of Populus tomentosa

YU Jing-lin, LIU Feng, HE Yue-lin, ZHU Wei, XI Ben-ye, JIA Li-ming^*

Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2019-12-19 Accepted:2020-05-15 Online:2020-07-15 Published:2021-01-15
Contact: E-mail: jlm@ bjfu.edu.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFD0600403) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31670625).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探索沟灌水氮耦合对幼年生毛白杨林木生长及水氮吸收利用的影响,以4年生砂地三倍体毛白杨为对象,研究3个灌溉水平(W₂₀、W₃₃、W₄₅,即沟渠正下方40 cm土壤水势分别达到-20、-33和-45 kPa时灌溉),4个施N水平(N₁₂₀、N₁₉₀、N₂₆₀、N₀,即施肥量为120、190、260和0 kg·hm^-2·a^-1)和自然条件(对照,CK)下幼年生毛白杨林木生长和水氮吸收利用规律,并结合林木生长状况,分析4年生三倍体毛白杨的最佳沟灌水氮耦合策略。结果表明:W₂₀N₁₂₀(高水低肥;土壤水势-20 kPa,施N量120 kg·hm^-2·a^-1)处理对三倍体毛白杨的林地生产力提升最为显著,其林地生产力最高可达33.37 m³·hm^-2·a^-1,仅有树高和总株生物量受到水氮耦合交互作用的显著影响。增加灌溉量或施N量都会提高林木吸氮量,但吸氮量主要受施N量影响;W₂₀N₂₆₀处理总株吸氮量最高,达112.17 kg·hm^-2·a^-1,较CK增加74.0%。各处理中,W₂₀N₁₂₀氮吸收效率和氮肥偏生产力最高,且显著高于其他处理,其总株、地上部、地下部氮吸收效率可达36.8%、28.5%、6.4%,总株氮肥偏生产力可达221.4 kg·kg^-1。不同水氮耦合处理灌水量对灌溉水的利用效率影响显著,其中,W₄₅N₂₆₀灌溉水利用效率最高,达13.66 g·kg^-1;而W₂₀N₁₂₀吸水量和水吸收效率最高,分别为13268.28 t·hm^-2和129.4%。为达到较大的收益,在三倍体毛白杨的幼年生长期间,应保持充足的水分灌溉(-20 kPa)和相对偏低的施氮量(120 kg·hm^-2·a^-1)促进幼年生毛白杨的生长发育。

关键词: 三倍体毛白杨, 沟灌, 水氮耦合, 水氮吸收利用

Abstract: We explored the coupling effects of water and nitrogen in furrow irrigation on the growth and absorption and utilization of water and nitrogen in young poplar trees (triploid Populus tomentosa), under three irrigation levels (W₂₀, W₃₃, W₄₅; when the soil water potential of 40 cm under the ditch reaches -20, -33 and -45 kPa respectively, irrigate), four N application levels (N₁₂₀, N₁₉₀, N₂₆₀ and N₀; the fertilization amount was 120, 190, 260 and 0 kg·hm^-2·a^-1), and natural conditions (CK). Based on the growth status of trees, the optimal combination of irrigation level and nitrogen application rate under furrow irrigation conditions was determined. The results showed that W₂₀N₁₂₀(high water and low fertilizer; soil water potential threshold for initiating irrigation was -20 kPa and N application rate was 120 kg·hm^-2·a^-1) had the strongest effect on the stand productivity, with a value of 33.37 m³·hm^-2·a^-1. The significant coupling effect of water and N was detected only for tree height and total individual biomass. The increase of both irrigation amount and N application rate could increase the amount of N uptake, being mainly affected by the latter. The total amount of N uptake was the highest in the W₂₀N₂₆₀ treatment and reached 112.17 kg·hm^-2·a^-1, being 74.0% higher than that in CK. Among all the treatments, N uptake efficiency and N fertilizer partial productivity of W₂₀N₁₂₀ were the highest and significantly higher than those of the other treatments. The N uptake efficiency of the whole plant, aboveground part, and belowground part reached 36.8%, 28.5% and 6.4% in the W₂₀N₁₂₀ treatment, and its total N partial productivity reached 221.4 kg·kg^-1. The effect of irrigation amount under different water-nitrogen coupling treatments on the irrigation water use efficiency was significant. Among them, irrigation water use efficiency in W₄₅N₂₆₀ was the highest and reached 13.66 g·kg^-1. W₂₀N₁₂₀ had the highest water uptake amount and efficiency, which were 13268.28 t·hm^-2 and 129.4%, respectively. To achieve great benefits, adequate irrigation (-20 kPa) and relatively low N application rate (120 kg·hm^-2·a^-1) should be selected during the young growth of the triploid P. tomentosa.

Key words: triploid Populus tomentosa, furrow irrigation, water-nitrogen coupling, absorption and utilization of water and nitrogen

于景麟, 刘峰, 贺曰林, 祝维, 席本野, 贾黎明. 沟灌水氮耦合对毛白杨林木生长及水氮吸收利用的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(7): 2314-2322.

YU Jing-lin, LIU Feng, HE Yue-lin, ZHU Wei, XI Ben-ye, JIA Li-ming. Effects of water and nitrogen coupling under furrow irrigation on tree growth, absorption and utilization of water and nitrogen of Populus tomentosa[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(7): 2314-2322.

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沟灌水氮耦合对毛白杨林木生长及水氮吸收利用的影响

Effects of water and nitrogen coupling under furrow irrigation on tree growth, absorption and utilization of water and nitrogen of Populus tomentosa

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