不同除草剂的田间杂草防效及对糜子生长发育的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202007.027

应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (7): 2415-2421.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202007.027

不同除草剂的田间杂草防效及对糜子生长发育的影响

赵颖楠¹, 字雪靖^1,2, 王婉¹, 冯煜¹, 杨璞¹, 高金锋¹, 王鹏科¹, 高小丽^1*

¹西北农林科技大学农学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100;
²云南农业大学, 昆明 650000

收稿日期:2019-11-29 接受日期:2020-04-03 出版日期:2020-07-15 发布日期:2021-01-15
通讯作者: E-mail: gao2123@nwsuaf.edu.cn
作者简介:赵颖楠, 男, 1995年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事糜子除草剂与安全剂筛选及影响研究。E-mail: 769161514@qq.com
基金资助:
国家谷子高粱产业技术体系项目(CARS-06-13.5-A26)和陕西省重点研发计划项目(2018TSCXL-NY-03-01)资助

Control effects of different herbicides on weeds as well as their effects on growth and deve-lopment of broomcorn millet

ZHAO Ying-nan¹, ZI Xue-jing^1,2, WANG Wan¹, FENG Yu¹, YANG Pu¹, GAO Jin-feng¹, WANG Peng-ke¹, GAO Xiao-li^1*

¹College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
²Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650000, China

Received:2019-11-29 Accepted:2020-04-03 Online:2020-07-15 Published:2021-01-15
Contact: E-mail: gao2123@nwsuaf.edu.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Millet Crops Research and Development System (CARS-06-13.5-A26) and the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Pro-vince (2018TSCXL-NY-03-01).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 筛选糜子适宜除草剂来防范农田药害,是糜子高效安全生产和改善生态环境亟待解决的关键问题。本研究以粳性糜子品种‘榆糜2号'为材料,探究22种除草剂对糜子田间杂草的防除效果及对糜子生长发育的影响。结果表明: 1)喷施土壤封闭型除草剂谷友、丁草胺、莠去津、苄嘧·丙草胺和茎叶型除草剂苯唑·二甲钠、阔世玛、藤净、陶氏·优先、阔菲后,基本无药害作用,糜子幼苗生长正常,其余除草剂均对糜子有不同程度的药害影响;2)参试的22种除草剂在糜子田中对杂草均表现出一定的防除效果,总体而言,土壤封闭型除草剂的杂草防效相对优于茎叶型除草剂,但所有参试除草剂对糜子株高、功能叶片叶绿素含量、单株穗重均造成不同程度的影响;3)与人工除草相比,参试除草剂均导致糜子产量有不同程度的下降;但与不除草对照相比,部分除草剂有明显的增产增效作用。土壤封闭型除草剂中,谷友、丁草胺、莠去津、苄嘧·丙草胺的杂草防效较好,较不除草对照增产60%以上;茎叶型除草剂中,阔世玛、苯唑·二甲钠的杂草防效较好,较不除草对照增产50%以上。因此,在糜子出苗前可用38%莠去津或44%单嘧磺隆进行土壤封闭处理,或在出苗后喷施茎叶型除草剂3.6%二磺·甲碘隆或55%苯唑·二甲钠,农田杂草防效较好,且对糜子生长发育的负面影响较小。

关键词: 糜子, 除草剂, 杂草防效, 生长发育

Abstract: Selecting a herbicide suitable for broomcorn millet is a key issue in high efficiency and safe production of broomcorn millet and ecological environment improvement. We compared the control effects of 22 different herbicides on weeds as wells as their effects on growth and development of glutinous millet (Yumi 2) in the field. The results showed that, 1) soil applied Goyou, Butachlor, atrazine, and Benzipram, and stem- and leaf-applied WP mixture of tribenuron-methyl·carfentrazone-ethyl·MCPA-Na, Sigma Broad, Tengjing, Taoshi·Youxian and Kuofei had little phytotoxi-city, with broomcorn millet seedlings growing normally, and the other herbicides had phytotoxicities on broomcorn millet. 2) All the herbicides controlled weeds in the field to some extent, with better performance of soil applied herbicides than the stem- and leaf-applied ones, and affected plant height, functional leaf SPAD and spike weight per plant of broomcorn millet. 3) Compared with manual weeding, all herbicides reduced yields of glutinous millet. Compared with no herbicides application, some herbicides had yield-increasing effects. Among the soil applied herbicides, Go-you, Butachlor, atrazine, and Benzipram performed better in weeding control, increasing the yield of broomcorn millet by more than 60% compared with no herbicide control. Among the stem- and leaf-applied herbicides, Sigma Broad and WP mixture of tribenuron-methyl·carfentrazone-ethyl·MCPA-Na performed better in weeding control, increasing the yield of glutinous millet by more than 50% compared with no herbicide control. Therefore, applying 38% atrazine or 44% Monosulfuron to soil before the emergence of broomcorn millet, or stem- and leaf-applied 3.6% mesosulfuron-methyl or 55% WP mixture of tribenuron-methyl·carfentrazone-ethyl·MCPA-Na after the emergence of broomcorn millet, performed better in weeding control and with limited effects on the growth and development of broomcorn millet.

Key words: broomcorn millet, herbicide, weeding control effect, growth and development

赵颖楠, 字雪靖, 王婉, 冯煜, 杨璞, 高金锋, 王鹏科, 高小丽. 不同除草剂的田间杂草防效及对糜子生长发育的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(7): 2415-2421.

ZHAO Ying-nan, ZI Xue-jing, WANG Wan, FENG Yu, YANG Pu, GAO Jin-feng, WANG Peng-ke, GAO Xiao-li. Control effects of different herbicides on weeds as well as their effects on growth and deve-lopment of broomcorn millet[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(7): 2415-2421.

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不同除草剂的田间杂草防效及对糜子生长发育的影响

Control effects of different herbicides on weeds as well as their effects on growth and deve-lopment of broomcorn millet

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