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应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 719-728.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202102.041

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    下一篇

土壤健康的生物学表征与调控

梁文举1*, 董元华2, 李英滨1, 张晓珂1, 李琪1, 武志杰1   

  1. 1中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所土壤生态与农业生态工程研究中心, 沈阳 110016;
    2中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室, 南京 210008
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-10 接受日期:2021-01-08 出版日期:2021-02-15 发布日期:2021-08-15
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: liangwj@iae.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:梁文举, 男, 1964年生, 研究员, 博士生导师。主要从事土壤生态学、土壤食物网、土壤健康研究。E-mail: liangwj@iae.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300204)和国家科技基础资源调查专项项目(2018FY100304)资助

Biological characterization and regulation of soil health

LIANG Wen-ju1*, DONG Yuan-hua2, LI Ying-bin1, ZHANG Xiao-ke1, LI Qi1, WU Zhi-jie1   

  1. 1Soil Ecology and Agro-Ecological Engineering Research Center, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
    2Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
  • Received:2020-12-10 Accepted:2021-01-08 Online:2021-02-15 Published:2021-08-15
  • Contact: *E-mail: liangwj@iae.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Plan (2016YFD0300204) and the National Science & Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program of China (2018FY100304)

摘要: 如何有效判定土壤健康状态是实现农业绿色发展的基本问题。在现有的土壤健康评价体系中,很少考虑土壤生物在维持土壤健康方面的作用。基于此,本文论述了土壤健康的内涵,从土壤生物健康的角度,总结了土壤健康的生物学表征指标,阐述了土壤微生物、土壤酶活性、土壤微食物网及蚯蚓对土壤健康的指示作用。基于上述生物指标,从作物和土壤管理等方面探讨了不同农田管理措施对土壤健康状况的调控途径,并对土壤生物健康的未来发展趋势进行了展望。本文旨在增强科学家和决策者对维护土壤生物健康的认识,充分发挥土壤生物在生态系统服务中的重要作用。

关键词: 土壤健康, 土壤食物网, 生态系统服务功能, 农业管理措施

Abstract: How to determine the soil health status effectively is the basic issue to realize the agriculture green development. In the existing soil health assessment system, the importance of soil organi-sms in the maintenance of soil health is rarely considered. From the perspective of soil biological health, we discussed the connotation of soil health, and summarized the biological indicators of soil health, including soil microorganisms, soil enzyme activity, soil micro-food web and earthworm. Based on the above-mentioned indicators, the regulation approaches were elaborated from the aspects of crop and soil management practices. In addition, the future research on soil biological health was prospected. The main aim of this study is to enhance the understanding of scientists and decision makers on the maintenance of soil biological health, and to give full consideration of the important role of soil organisms in ecosystem services.

Key words: soil health, soil food web, ecosystem service, agricultural management practice