辽西半干旱区小麦、玉米水肥耦合效应研究

应用生态学报 ›› 2000, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (4): 540-544.

辽西半干旱区小麦、玉米水肥耦合效应研究

刘作新, 郑昭佩, 王建

中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳110015

收稿日期:1999-12-14 修回日期:2000-05-31 发布日期:2000-07-25
通讯作者: 郑昭佩
作者简介:刘作新,男,46岁,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事农业生态、土壤物理及节水农业方面的研究,发表论文20余篇.
基金资助:
国家“九五”科技攻关项目(96-004-04-06)

Effect of interaction between water and fertilizer on wheat and maize semiarid region of western Liaoning

LIU Zuoxin, ZHENG Zhaopei, WANG Jian

Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110015

Received:1999-12-14 Revised:2000-05-31 Published:2000-07-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用312-D最优饱和设计和二次通用旋转组合设计,通过8年连续试验,对辽西半干旱区影响农业生产的水、肥因素的耦合作用进行了田间试验.讨论分析了N、P、水及其耦合作用对作物产量的影响.施N、施P、灌水和覆盖秸秆的合理匹配能够明显提高作物产量,否则,不仅增加成本,而且由于加重作物的水分或养分胁迫,造成减产.根据试验结果进行了生产要素的产量效益分析,提出了该地区小麦、玉米生产的水肥最佳经济配比:小麦为生育期供水120.2mm,N58.5kg·hm^-2,P₂O₅123.0kg·hm^-2;玉米为生育期灌水173.3mm,N256.5kg·hm^-2,P₂O₅85.5kg·hm^-2,覆秸秆8509.5kg·hm^-2.

关键词: 半干旱区, 水肥耦合, 回归模型, 阿维菌素, 亚致死效应, 甲氰菊酯, 生命表参数, 柑橘全爪螨

Abstract: Using 312-D optimum design and quadratic general rotation design,the effect of interaction between water and fertilizer on wheat and maize yields was studied in semiarid region of western Liaoning Province.Reasonable combination of applying N and P fertilizers,irrigation,and mulching corn straws could increase crop yield remarkably,otherwise,it could not only increase cost,but also result in output reduction due to increasing crop stress to water or nutrients.Based on the results of the trials,the effects of the productive factors on crop yield were analyzed.The optimum economical combination of water and fertilizers fitting for local agriculture was put forward,i.e., water 120.2mm,N 58.5kg·hm^-2, and P₂O₅ 123.0kg·hm^-2 for wheat,and water 173.3mm,N 256.5kg·hm^-2,P₂O₅ 85.5kg·hm^-2,and straw mulching 8509.5kg·hm^-2 for maize.

Key words: Semiarid region, Interaction between water and fertilizer, Regressive model, fenpropathrin, Panonychus citri, avermectin, life-table parameters., sublethal effect

刘作新, 郑昭佩, 王建. 辽西半干旱区小麦、玉米水肥耦合效应研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2000, 11(4): 540-544.

LIU Zuoxin, ZHENG Zhaopei, WANG Jian. Effect of interaction between water and fertilizer on wheat and maize semiarid region of western Liaoning[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2000, 11(4): 540-544.

参考文献

1. Agbenin JO. 1998. Phosphate-induced zinc retention in a tropical semi-arid soil. Eur J Soil Sci,49:693～700

2. Atehur W and Gran AW. 1990. Interactions encountered when supplying nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer and a water-soluble polyacrylamide to soil. J Plant Nutri,13(3&4): 343～347

3. Benbi DK. 1989. Efficiency of nitrogen use by dry-land wheat in a sub-humid region in relation to optimizing the amount of available water. J Agric Sci,115(1):7～10

4. Cai Yunlong,Barry Smit. 1994. Sustainability in Chinese agriculture: challenge and hope. Agric Ecosyst Environ,49:279～288

5. Campbell CA et al. 1993. Nitrate leaching as influenced by fertilization in the brown soil zone. Can J Soil Sci,73:387～397

6. Christensen BT,Olesen JE. 1998. Nitrogen mineralization potential of organomineral size separates from soils with annual straw incorporation. Eur J Soil Sci,49:37～51

7. Diez JA et al. 1994. Controlling nitrate pollution of aquifers by using different nitrogenous controlled release fertilizers in maize crop. Agric Ecosy Environ,48:49～56

8. Ding X-Q (丁希泉). 1986. Agricultural Applied Regress Design. Changchun: Jilin Science and Technology Press. (in Chinese)

9. Goss MJ et al. 1998. Nitrate leaching:modifying the loss from mineralized organic matter. Eur J Soil Sci,49:649～659

10. Jin K (金轲),Wang D-Sh(汪德水) et al. 1999. Response and interaction for water and fertilizer I. Interaction of N, P and water in the year of different precipations. Plant Nutr Fert Sci(植物营养与肥料学报),5(1):1～7(in Chinese)

11. Jin K (金轲),Wang D-Sh(汪德水) et al. 1999. Response and interaction for water and fertilizer Ⅱ. The effect of different compositions of N, P and water on the yield of winter wheat. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报),5(1):8～13(in Chinese)

12. Judy AT et al. 1998. Evapotranspiration and yield of corn grown on three high plains soils. Agron J,90:447～454

13. Karlen DK. 1998. Field-scale nitrogen balances associated with long-term continuous corn production. Agron J,90(5):644～650

14. Kessler JJ. 1994,Usefulness of the human carrying capacity concept in assessing ecological sustainability of land-use in semi-arid regions. Agric Ecosyst Environ,48:273～284

15. Leviel B et al. 1998. Water and nitrate budgets in a rendzina cropped with oilseed rape receiving varying amounts of fertilizer. Eur J Soil Sci,49:37～51

16. Shan L(山仑),Zhang S-Q(张岁岐). 1999. Water saving agriculture and its biological basis. Res Soil Water Conser(水土保持研究),6(1):2～6(in Chinese)

17. Spiller P. 1998. Buying compost. Soil & Health,57(5):35～36

18. Tian G. 1998. Effect of soil degradation on leaf decomposition and nutrient release under humid tropical conditions. Soil Sci,163(11):897～906

19. Trione SO & Cavagnaro JB. 1998. Water shortage and associated changes in organic nitrogen between Pappophorum caespitosum (Gramineae) provenances. J Arid Environ,38:519～528

[1]	曹华燕, 苗铮, 郝元朔, 董利虎. 基于beta回归的长白落叶松树干含水率预测模型 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(3): 587-596.
[2]	张悦, 马巍格, 刘谷娥, 周全来, 郭佳, 曹伟. 东北半干旱区外来植物入侵现状评估 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(1): 73-79.
[3]	牛琼华, 范晓东. 马尾松毛虫抗阿维菌素种群的抗性机制及交互抗性 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(1): 229-234.
[4]	朱润苗, 陈松林. 1980—2020年福建省景观生态风险与生态系统服务价值的空间关系 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(6): 1599-1607.
[5]	崔晏华, 刘淑德, 张云雷, 徐宾铎, 纪毓鹏, 张崇良, 任一平, 薛莹. 海州湾春季短蛸的栖息分布特征及其与环境因子的关系 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(6): 1686-1692.
[6]	刘家腾, 赵雪晗, 刘伟韬, 李建荣, 蒋丽娟, 周宇航, 高慧淋, 顾巍. 基于边际回归的沈阳市绿化树种人工油松冠形模拟 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(11): 2915-2922.
[7]	张艾明,徐玉梅,朱建宇,余洪茜,刘苏蓝. 蒙东地区水肥耦合对紫花苜蓿土壤磷组分的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(11): 4004-4010.
[8]	高超, 林红蕾, 胡海清, 宋红. 我国林火发生预测模型研究进展 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(9): 3227-3240.
[9]	赵雅姣, 刘晓静, 吴勇, 童长春, 蔺芳. 西北半干旱区紫花苜蓿-小黑麦间作对根际土壤养分和细菌群落的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(5): 1645-1652.
[10]	王红丽, 张绪成, 于显枫, 侯慧芝, 方彦杰, 马一凡. 半干旱区氮肥运筹对全膜双垄沟播玉米水肥利用和产量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(2): 449-458.
[11]	王世航, 卢宏亮, 赵明松, 周玲美. 基于不同特征挖掘方法结合广义提升回归模型估测安徽省土壤pH [J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(10): 3509-3517.
[12]	王士杰, 尹光华, 李忠, 谷健, 马宁宁, 冯浩原, 刘泳圻. 浅埋滴灌水肥耦合对辽西半干旱区春玉米产量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(1): 139-147.
[13]	谢军红, 柴强, 李玲玲, 张仁陟, 王林林, 刘畅. 有机氮替代无机氮对旱作全膜双垄沟播玉米产量和水氮利用效率的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(4): 1199-1206.
[14]	梁照凤, 陈文波, 郑蕉, 卢陶捷. 南昌市中心城区主要大气污染物分布模拟及土地利用对其影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(3): 1005-1014.
[15]	侯慧芝, 张绪成, 尹嘉德, 方彦杰, 于显枫, 王红丽, 马一凡. 覆盖对西北旱地春小麦旗叶光合特性和水分利用的调控 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(3): 931-940.