氚水在模拟水稻-水-土壤生态系统中的行为

应用生态学报 ›› 2003, Vol. ›› Issue (2): 269-272.

氚水在模拟水稻-水-土壤生态系统中的行为

史建君, 郭江峰

浙江大学原子核农业科学研究所农业部核农学重点开放试验室, 杭州 310029

收稿日期:2001-02-21 修回日期:2001-07-20 出版日期:2003-02-15
通讯作者: 史建君,男,1961年生,副研究员,硕士生导师,主要从事同位素示踪和放射生态学研究,已发表研究论文29篇.E-mail:jjshi@zjuem.zju.edu.cn.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(39870150);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(398032)

Behavior of HTO in simulated rice-water-soil ecosystem

SHI Jianjun, GUO Jiangfeng

Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China

Received:2001-02-21 Revised:2001-07-20 Online:2003-02-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用模拟污染物的同位素示踪技术研究HTO(氚水)在水稻水土壤模拟生态系统中的迁移、消长行为,并应用三库室开系统模型和非线性回归方法确定了水稻、水和土壤分室的拟合方程.结果表明,田表水中的HTO不仅在系统各分室间转移和分配,而且迅速向系统外散逸;HTO中的氚以自由水氚和结合态氚形式存在于水稻中,以吸湿性水氚和结晶水氚存在于土壤,其中自由水氚(或吸湿性水氚)的比活度大于结合态氚(或结晶水氚);水稻植株和土壤中HTO比活度随时间增加至最大值后又趋于下降,而结合态氚则呈缓慢增加;水稻茎秆中的总氚比活度高于其它各部位,而后逐渐趋于动态平衡.对实验数据进行回归分析得:田表水、土壤和水稻植株中的总氚比活度分别为C_w(t)=32.19e^-0.0353t+99.94e^-0.330t、C_s(t)=20.42(e^-0.0353t-e^-0.330t)和C_r(t)=38.49e^-0.0353t-10.13e^-0.330t-28.36e^-2.5744t.方差分析结果表明,各回归方程较好地反映了HTO在水稻水土壤生态系统中的行为.

Abstract: The behavior of transportation,accumulation and disappearance of HTO (tritium water) in a simulated rice water soil ecosystem was studied by using isotope tracer techniques for simulated pollutants, and the fitting equation was confirmed by application of the open three compartment system model and nonlinear regression method. The results showed that HTOin water was not only transferred to other compartments in the ecosystem, but also vaporized into atmosphere rapidly. Both free water tritium and bound tritium were found in the rice, and tritium of hygroscopic and crystalline water was consisted in the soil. The specific activity of free water tritium (or tritium of hygroscopic water) was stronger than that of bound tritium (or tritium of crystalline water). The specific activity of total tritium reduced after reaching the maximum in the rice and soil, and the bound tritium increased slowly. The specific activity of total tritium in stem was the strongest in the rice, and reached equipoise each other in the later stage gradually. The regression equations of accumulation and disappearance for the specific activity of total tritium in the water, soil and rice were given by analyzing the obtained data with exponential regression method. The analysis results of variance showed that each regression equation could describe the behavior of accumulation and disappearance of HTO in the rice water-soil ecosystems preferably.

中图分类号:

Q142.6
X591

史建君, 郭江峰. 氚水在模拟水稻-水-土壤生态系统中的行为[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, (2): 269-272.

SHI Jianjun, GUO Jiangfeng . Behavior of HTO in simulated rice-water-soil ecosystem[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, (2): 269-272.

参考文献

[1] Avila R,Johanson KJ, Bergstrom R.1999. Model of the seasonal variations of fungi ingestion and ¹³⁷Cs activity concentrations in roe deer.J Environ Radioact,46:99～112
[2] Cai F-L(蔡福龙),Chen Y(陈英),Xu P-A(许丕安),et al.1992.Boleophthalmus pectinirostris as indicator of radionuclides.Acta Sci Circums(环境科学学报),12(3):292～287(in Chinese)
[3] Chen S-H(陈舜华),Xu L-H(徐利生),Zhao X-K(赵小奎),et al.1993.Accumulation, distribution and excretion of low level of 65Zn and 134Cs in some marine mollusc.Acta Agric Nucl Sin(核农学报), 7(1):45～51(in Chinese)
[4] Feng S-Y(冯士雍). 1985. Method of Regression Analysis. Beijing: Science Press. 25～32(in Chinese)
[5] Jenner CF.1985a.Transport of tritiated water and 14C labeled assimilate into grains of wheat I. Entry of THO through and in association with the stalk of the grain.Aust J Plant Physiol,12(6): 573～586
[6] Jenner CF.1985b.Transport of tritiated water and14C labeled assim ilate into grains of wheat Ⅱ.Independence of entry of14C labeled assimilate and THO.Aust J Plant Physiol,12(6): 587～594
[7] Kirchner G.1998. Applicability of compartmental models for simulating the transport to radionuclides in soil.J Environ Radioact,38(3):339～352
[8] Lui X-H(刘晓红),Liu Q-Y(刘琼英),Kuang Y-H(邝炎华),et al.1998. The leaching and moving of 125I in subtropics soils of south China.Acta Agric Nucl Sin(核农学报),12(6):359～362(in Chinese)
[9] Man CK, Kwok YH. 2000. Uptake of ¹³⁷Cs by fresh water fish.Appl Radiat Isoto,52:237～241
[10] Shenber MA, Johanson KJ. 1992. Influence of zeolite on the availability of radiocaesium in soil to plants.Sci Total Environ,113:287～295
[11] Shi J-J(史建君),Chen C-Q(陈传群),Wang S-X(王寿祥),et al.2001.The transference and distribution of tritium water in the soybean-soil system.Environ Sci(环境科学), 22(1):117～119(in Chinese)
[12] Shi J-J(史建君). 2001. Distillation and measurement of two forms of tritium.Acta Agric Nucl Sin(核农学报),15(3):163～166(in Chinese)
[13] Takeda H,Iwakura T.1992. Incorporation and distribution of tritium in rats exposed to tritiated rice or tritiated soybean.J Radiat Res,133:309～318
[14] Thiessin KM,Hoffman FO, Rantavaata A,et al.1998.Environmental models undergo international test.Environ Sci Technol,31(8):358～363
[15] Wang S-X(王寿祥), Zhang Y-X(张永熙), Hu B-M(胡秉民),et al.1992.The kinetic behaviour of 89Sr in the simulation paddy.Acta Ecol Sin(生态学报),12(4):310～314(in Chinese)
[16] Wang S-X(王寿祥),Chen C-Q(陈传群), Zhang Y-X(张永熙),et al.1994. Transference and distribution of tritium water in a simulated aquatic-terrestrial ecosystem.Acta Ecol Sin(生态学报),14(2):206～210(in Chinese)
[17] Wei J-P(魏建鹏), Chen C-Q(陈传群),Wang S-X(王寿祥),et al.2000.Studies on the transportation dynamics of 60Co in simulated ecosystem.Acta Ecol Sin(生态学报),20(supp.):61～64(in Chinese)
[18] Whicker FW, Schultz V.1982. Radioecology: Nuclear Energy and the Environment .Volume II. Florida:CRC Press,Inc. 85～97
[19] Yasuda H, Uchida S, Muramatsu Y,et al.1995.Sorption of manganese, cobalt, zinc, strontium, and cesium on to agricultural soils statistical analysis on effects of soil properties.Water Air Soil Poll,83:85～96
[20] Zhang X-D(张小蒂).1991.Applied Regression Analysis. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press. 95～102(in Chinese)
[21] Zhu Y-Y(朱永懿),Qiu T-C(裘同才). 1991.The behaviour of fission products ⁹⁰Sr,¹³⁷Cs and ¹⁴⁴Ce in soil-plant system.China Environ Sci(中国环境科学),11(4):266～270(in Chinese)