Multiscale influences of urbanized landscape metrics on the diversity of indigenous plant species: A case study in Shunyi District of Beijing, China.

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202012.020

Abstract

Abstract: The effects of landscape pattern on plant diversity have been widely reported in literature, with that of urban landscape remaining largely unknown. To explore the impacts of urbanization landscape pattern on plant diversity and its scale effect, 105 plots were investigated in Shunyi District, Beijing. The α and β diversity of each plot were calculated, and 43 urban landscape indices of 10 scales in the range of 100-1000 m were analyzed with 100 m as the step. The results showed that the urban landscape area metric, core metrics and edge metrics were negatively related with diversity of indigenous plant species at all the examined scales. Shape complexity metrics contributed to plant diversity at small scale, while the area-weighted complexity metrics contributed at large scale. Other metrics, such as connection, proximity, cohesion, fragmentation and interspersion juxtaposition of urban patches showed a slight and unsteady relationship with the diversity of indigenous plant species. The urbanization intensity was negatively related with scales and with plant diversity at all scales. Urban landscape could better conserve indigenous plant diversity by reasonably dividing an urbanized area into many small patches with simple edge. Our results presented suitable urban landscape indicators for preserving plant diversity and suggestions for the construction of ecological cities.

Key words: plant diversity, urbanization, landscape pattern, scale-dependence, correlation analysis.

PENG Yu, WANG Wen-tao, LU Yi-tong, DONG Ji-hui, ZHOU Yan-qiu, SHANG Jia-xin, LI Xiang, MI Kai. Multiscale influences of urbanized landscape metrics on the diversity of indigenous plant species: A case study in Shunyi District of Beijing, China.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(12): 4058-4066.

References

[1] Swan CM, Johnson A, Nowak DJ. Differential organization of taxonomic and functional diversity in an urban woody plant metacommunity. Applied Vegetation Science,2017, 20: 7-17
[2] Newbold T, Hudson LN, Hill SLL, et al. Global effects of land use on local terrestrial biodiversity. Nature, 2015, 520: 45-50
[3] Aronson MFJ, La Sorte FA, Nilon CH, et al. A global analysis of the impacts of urbanization on bird and plant diversity reveals key anthropogenic drivers. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 2014, 281: 1780-1790
[4] Muratet A, Porcher E, Devictor V, et al. Evaluation of floristic diversity in urban areas as a basis for habitat management. Applied Vegetation Science, 2014, 11: 451-460
[5] Wang HF, MacGregor-Fors I, Lopez-Pujol J. Warm-temperate, immense, and sprawling, plant diversity drivers in urban Beijing, China. Plant Ecology, 2012, 213: 967-992
[6] Peng Y, Liu XH, Xue DY, et al. Effects of urbanization on indigenous plant diversity, a case study in Langfang City. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32, 6: 723-729
[7] Vakhlamova T, Rusterholz HP, Kanibolotskaya Y, et al. Changes in plant diversity along an urban-rural gra-dient in an expanding city in Kazakhstan, Western Siberia. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2014, 32: 111-120
[8] Wang HF, Qureshi S, Qureshi BA, et al. A multivariate analysis integrating ecological, socioeconomic and physical characteristics to investigate urban forest cover and plant diversity in Beijing, China. Ecological Indicators, 2016, 60: 921-929
[9] Walz U. Indicators to monitor the structural diversity of landscapes. Ecological Modelling, 2015, 295: 88-106
[10] Monteiro AT, Fava F, Gonçalves J, et al. Landscape context determinants to plant diversity in the permanent meadows of Southern European Alps. Biodiversity and Conservation, 2013, 22: 937-958
[11] Peng Y, Mi K, HT Wang, et al. Most suitable landscape patterns to preserve indigenous plant diversity affected by increasing urbanization: A case study of Shunyi District of Beijing, China. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2019, 38: 33-41
[12] Rempel RS, Kaukinen D, Carr AP. Patch Analyst and Patch Grid. Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada: Centre for Northern Forest Ecosystem 2012
[13] Amici V, Rocchini D, Filibeck G, et al. Landscape structure effects on forest plant diversity at local scale, exploring the role of spatial extent. Ecological Complexity, 2015, 21: 44-52
[14] Schindler S, von Wehrden H, Poirazidis K, et al. Multiscale performance of landscape metrics as indicators of species richness of plants, insects and vertebrates. Ecological Indicators, 2013, 31: 41-48
[15] Moser D, Zechmeister HG, Plutzar C, et al. Landscape patch shape complexity as an effective measure for plant species richness in rural landscape. Landscape Ecology, 2002, 17:657-669
[16] Higgins S, Mahon M, McDonagh J. Interdisciplinary interpretations and applications of the concept of scale in landscape research. Journal of Environmental Management, 2012, 113: 137-145
[17] La Sorte FA, Aronson MFJ, Williams NSG, et al. Beta diversity of urban floras among European and non-European cities. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2014, 23: 769-779
[18] Magurran AE. Measuring Biological Diversity. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2004
[19] Buyantuyev A, Wu J, Gries C. Multiscale analysis of the urbanization pattern of the phoenix metropolitan landscape of USA. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2010, 94: 206-217
[20] Wang SJ, Ma H, Zhao YB. Exploring the relationship between urbanization and the eco-environment: A case study of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Ecological Indicators, 2014, 45: 171-183
[21] Tian G, Wu J. Comparing urbanization patterns in Guang-zhou of China and Phoenix of the USA, the influences of roads and rivers. Ecological Indicators, 2015, 52: 23-30
[22] Diamond SE, Jenkins CN, Dunn RR, et al. Unexpected phenological responses of butterflies to the interaction of urbanization and geographic temperature. Ecology, 2014, 95: 2613-2621
[23] Aronson MFJ, Handel SN, Puma IPL, et al. Urbanization promotes non-native woody species and diverse plant assemblages in the New York metropolitan region. Urban Ecosystems, 2014, 18: 1-15
[24] Parrish MC, Hepinstall-Cymerman J. Associations between multiscale landscape characteristics and breeding bird abundance and diversity across urban-rural gra-dients in Northeastern Georgia, USA. Urban Ecosystems, 2012, 15: 559-580
[25] Wu J, Hobbs R. Key issues and research priorities in landscape ecology, an idiosyncratic synthesis. Landscape Ecology, 2002, 17: 355-365
[26] Yeh CT, Huang SL. Investigating spatiotemporal patterns of landscape diversity in response to urbanization. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2009, 93: 151-166
[27] Lepš J, Šmilauer P. Multivariate Analysis of Ecological Data using CANOCO. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2003
[28] Goddard MA, Dougill AJ, Benton TG. Scaling up from gardens, biodiversity conservation in urban environments. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 2010, 25: 90-98
[29] Smith SL. Contribution of Rural Land Use to Floristic Diversity, A Multi-scale Study of Organic Farms and Subdivisions in the Southern Appalachians. PhD Thesis. Boone, NC, USA: Appalachian State University, 2010
[30] Turrini T, Knop E. A landscape ecology approach identifies important drivers of urban biodiversity. Global Change Biology, 2015, 21: 1652-1667
[31] Ricotta C, La Sorte FA, Pysek P. Phylogenetic beta diversity of native and alien species in European urban floras. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2012, 21: 751-759
[32] Knapp S, Kuhn I, Schweiger O, et al. Challenging urban species diversity, contrasting phylogenetic patterns across plant functional groups in Germany. Ecology Letter, 2008, 11: 1054-1064
[33] Dyderski MK, Wrońska-Pilarek D, Jagodziński AM. Ecological lands for conservation of vascular plant diversity in the urban environment. Urban Ecosystems, 2016, 20: 639-650
[34] Lososova Z, Horsak M, Chytry M, et al. Diversity of Central European urban biota, effects of human-made habitat types on plants and land snails. Journal of Biogeo-graphy, 2011, 38: 1152-1163
[35] Porensky LM, Young TP. Edge-effect interactions in fragmented and patchy landscapes. Conservation Biology, 2013, 27: 509-519
[36] Walz U. Landscape structure, landscape metrics and biodiversity. Living Reviews in Landscape Research,2011, 5: 5-40
[37] Campos PR, Rosas A, de Oliveira VM, et al. Effect of landscape structure on species diversity. PLoS One, 2013, 8(6): e66495