基于稳定同位素和热扩散技术的张北杨树水分关系差异

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201707.037

应用生态学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (7): 2111-2118.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201707.037

基于稳定同位素和热扩散技术的张北杨树水分关系差异

苗博^1,2, 孟平^1,2, 张劲松^1,2, 何方杰^1,2, 孙守家^1,2*

¹中国林业科学研究院林业研究所/国家林业局林木培育重点实验室, 北京 100091
²南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心, 南京 210037

收稿日期:2017-02-27 修回日期:2017-05-29 发布日期:2017-07-18
通讯作者: *mail:ssj1101@163.com
作者简介:苗博,男,1988年生,硕士研究生.主要从事森林生态学研究.E-mail:miaobo2152@163.com
基金资助:
本文由林业公益性行业科研专项经费(201404206)和南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心项目资助

Difference of water relationships of poplar trees in Zhangbei County, Hebei, China based on stable isotope and thermal dissipation method

MIAO Bo^1,2, MENG Ping^1,2, ZHANG Jin-song^1,2, HE Fang-jie^1,2, SUN Shou-jia^1,2*

¹Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
²Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2017-02-27 Revised:2017-05-29 Published:2017-07-18
Contact: *mail:ssj1101@163.com
Supported by:
This work was supported by the Special Fund for Forest Scientific Research in the Public Welfare (201404206) and the Project of Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China of Nanjing Forestry University.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用稳定氢同位素和热扩散技术研究张北防护林杨树的水分来源和蒸腾耗水,分析确定未退化与退化杨树的水分关系差异.结果表明:在生长季节中退化杨树主要利用0～30 cm土壤水分,未退化杨树主要利用30～80 cm土壤水分,两者的水分来源不同.旱季时,未退化杨树利用深层土壤水分和地下水的比例明显高于退化杨树.雨季中,杨树对0～30 cm土壤水分的利用比例增加,退化杨树增加幅度明显高于未退化杨树,对30～180 cm土壤水分的利用比例均减少.未退化杨树的液流速率大于退化杨树,不同天气中液流速率表现出相似的变化趋势,但未退化杨树液流的启动时间比退化杨树早.相关分析表明,未退化和退化杨树液流速率与土壤温度、风速、太阳辐射、相对湿度、空气温度均呈极显著的相关关系.退化杨树液流速率与土壤温度和空气相对湿度呈极显著负相关,与其他因素呈显著正相关,而未退化杨树仅与空气相对湿度呈极显著负相关,与其他因素均呈显著正相关关系,表明退化和未退化杨树蒸腾耗水易受环境条件的影响.退化杨树液流日累计量明显小于未退化杨树,表明其蒸腾耗水量较少;退化杨树水分来源浅,蒸腾耗水的减少并不能阻止林分退化.

Abstract: The water sources and transpiration of poplar trees in Zhangbei County were measured using stable hydrogen isotope and thermal dissipation method. The differences in water relationships between dieback and non-dieback poplar trees were analyzed. The results showed that the dieback trees mainly used shallow water from 0-30 cm soil layer during growing season while the non-dieback trees mainly used water from 30-80 cm soil layer. There was a significant difference in water source between them. The non-dieback trees used more water from middle and deep soil layers than that of the dieback trees during the dry season. The percentage of poplar trees using water from 0-30 cm soil layer increased in wet season, and the increase of dieback trees was higher than that of non-dieback trees. The contributions of water from 30-180 cm soil layer of dieback and non-dieback trees both decreased in wet season. The sap flow rate of non-dieback trees was higher than that of dieback trees. There was a similar variation tend of sap flow rate between dieback and non-dieback trees in different weather conditions, but the start time of sap flow of non-dieback trees was earlier than that of dieback trees. Correlation analysis showed that the sap flow rate of either dieback or non-dieback poplar trees strongly related to soil temperature, wind speed, photosynthetically active radiation, relative humidity and air temperature. The sap flow rate of die-back poplar trees strongly negatively related to soil temperature and relative humidity, and strongly positively related to the other factors. The sap flow rate of non-dieback poplar trees only strongly negatively related to relative humidity but positively related to the other factors. The results revealed transpiration of both poplar trees was easily affected by environmental factors. The water consumption of dieback trees was less than non-dieback trees because the cumulative sap flow amount of dieback trees was lower. Reduced transpiration of dieback trees couldn’t help to prevent poplar forest declining due to shallow water source.

苗博, 孟平, 张劲松, 何方杰, 孙守家. 基于稳定同位素和热扩散技术的张北杨树水分关系差异[J]. 应用生态学报, 2017, 28(7): 2111-2118.

MIAO Bo, MENG Ping, ZHANG Jin-song, HE Fang-jie, SUN Shou-jia. Difference of water relationships of poplar trees in Zhangbei County, Hebei, China based on stable isotope and thermal dissipation method[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28(7): 2111-2118.

参考文献

[1] Wullschleger S, Meinzer FC, Vertessy RA. A review of whole-plant water use studies in trees. Tree Physiology, 1998, 18: 499-512
[2] Xu Q (徐庆), Ji C-L (冀春雷), Wang H-Y (王海英), et al. Use of stable isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen and carbon to identify water use strategy by plants. World Forestry Research (世界林业研究), 2009, 22(4): 41-46 (in Chinese)
[3] Guo G-L (巩国丽), Chen H (陈辉), Duan D-Y (段德玉), et al. Comparison of the methods using stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope to distinguish the water source of Nitraria tangutorum. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2011, 31(24): 7533-7541 (in Chinese)
[4] Zhang J-F (张建锋), Zhou J-X (周金星). Research methods and mechanism of senescence of tree root: A review. Ecology and Environmnet(生态环境学报), 2006, 15(2): 405-410 (in Chinese)
[5] Sun S-J (孙守家), Meng P (孟平), Zhang J-S (张劲松), et al. Deuterium isotope variation and water use in an agroforestry system in the rocky mountainous area of North China. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2010, 30(14): 3717-3726 (in Chinese)
[6] Sun S-J (孙守家), Meng P (孟平), Zhang J-S (张劲松), et al. Ecosystems water use patterns of Quercus variabilis and Grewia biloba based on stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in the south aspect of Taihang Mountains. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2014,34(21): 6317-6325 (in Chinese)
[7] Tian C (田超), Meng P (孟平), Zhang J-S (张劲松), et al. Effects of rainfall on soil temperature, moisture and water movement of Platycladus orientalis on rocky hills of North China. Forest Research (林业科学研究), 2015, 28(3): 365-373 (in Chinese)
[8] Smith SD, Wellington AB, Nachlinger JL, et al. Functional responses of riparian vegetation to streamflow diversion in the eastern Sierra Nevada. Ecological Applications, 1991, 1: 89-97
[9] Dawson TE, Pate JS. Seasonal water uptake and movement in root systems of Australian phraeatophytic plants of dimorphic root morphology: A stable isotope investigation. Oecologia, 1996, 107: 13-20
[10] Mcculloh KA, Winter K, Meinaer FC, et al. A comparison of daily water use estimates derived from constant-heat sap-flow probe values and gravimetric measurements in pot-grown saplings. Tree Physiology, 2007, 27: 1355-1360
[11] Moore GW, Bond BJ, Jones JA, et al. Thermal-dissipation sap flow sensors may not yield consistent sap-flux estimates over multiple years. Trees, 2010, 24:165-174
[12] Sun D (孙迪), Guan D-X (关德新), Yuan F-H (袁凤辉), et al. Time lag effect between poplar’s sap flow velocity and microclimate factors in agroforestry system in west Liaoning Province. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2010, 21(11): 2742-2748 (in Chinese)
[13] Gwenzi W, Hinz C, Bleby TM, et al. Transpiration and water relations of evergreen shrub species on an artificial landform for mine waste storage versus an adjacent na-tural site in semi-arid Western Australia. Ecohydrology, 2014, 7: 965-981
[14] Pinto CA, Nadezhdina N, David JS, et al. Transpiration in Quercus suber trees under shallow water table conditions: The role of soil and groundwater. Hydrological Processes, 2015, 28: 6067-6079
[15] Zhang J-S (张劲松), Meng P (孟平), Gao J (高峻), et al.Predictability time scale and fractal cha-racteristics of temporal variation of Eucommia ulmoides plantation transpiration.Forest Research(林业科学研究), 2009, 22(6): 807-812 (in Chinese)
[16] Sun S-J (孙守家), Meng P (孟平), Zhang J-S (张劲松), et al. Diurnal variation of Quercus variabilis trunk diameter in response to environmental factors at south aspect of Taihang Mountains.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报), 2012, 23(8):2141-2148 (in Chinese)
[17] Scott RL, Huxman TE, Cable WL, et al. Partitioning of evapotranspiration and its relation to carbon dioxide exchange in a Chihuahuan Desert shrubland. Hydrological Processes, 2006, 20: 3227-3243
[18] Granier A. Evaluation of transpiration in a Douglas-fir stand by means of sap flow measurements. Tree Physiology, 1987, 3: 309
[19] Schwinning S, Ehleringer JR. Water use trade-offs and optimal adaptations to pulse-driven arid ecosystems. Journal of Ecology, 2001, 89: 464-480
[20] Mensforth LJ, Thorburn PJ, Tyerman SD, et al. Sources of water used by riparian Eucalyptus camaldulensis overlying highly saline groundwater. Oecologia, 1994, 100: 21-28
[21] Gao C (高琛), Yang X-B (杨新兵), Lu S-W (鲁绍伟), et al. Strategies on water utilization of poplar plantation ecosystem in Beijing sandy area. Journal of Northeast Forestry University (东北林业大学学报), 2014, 42(1): 80-85 ( in Chinese)
[22] Liu YH, Xu Z, Duffy R, et al. Analyzing relationships among water uptake patterns, rootlet biomass distribution and soil water content profile in a subalpine shrubland using water isotopes. European Journal of Soil Biology, 2011, 47: 380-386
[23] McCole AA, Stern LA. Seasonal water use patterns of Juniperus ashei on the Edwards Plateau, Texas, based on stable isotopes in water. Journal of Hydrology, 2007, 342: 238-248
[24] Zencich SJ, Froend RH, Turner JV, et al. Influence of groundwater depth on the seasonal sources of water accessed by Banksia tree species on a shallow, sandy costal aquifer. Oecologia, 2002, 131: 8-19
[25] Luo C (罗超), Cha T-G (查同刚), Zhu M-X (朱梦洵), et al. Influences of shallow groundwater on sap flow of riparian poplar plantations in northern China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2016, 27(5): 1401-1407 (in Chinese)
[26] Sun SJ, Meng P, Zhang JS, et al. Variation in soil water uptake and its effect on plant water status in Juglans regia L. during dry and wet seasons. Tree Physiology, 2011, 31: 1378-1389
[27] Xiong W (熊伟), Wang Y-H (王彦辉), Yu P-T (于澎涛), et al. Variation of sap flow among individual trees and scaling-up for estimation of transpiration of Larix principis-rupprechtii stand. Scientia Silvae Sinicae(林业科学), 2008, 44(1): 34-40 (in Chinese)
[28] Zhang J (张静), Wang L (王力), Han X (韩雪), et al. The relationship between sap flow velocity and environmental factors of the 19a apple trees on the Loess Plateau at different time scales. Scientia Agricul-tura Sinica (中国农业科学), 2016, 49(13): 2583-2592 (in Chinese)
[29] Chen B-Q (陈宝强), Zhang J-J (张建军), et al. Whole-tree sap flow of Quercus liaotungensis and Populus davidiana in response to environmental factors in the Loess Plateau area of western Shanxi Province, northern China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2016, 27(3): 746-754 (in Chinese)
[30] Liu H (刘华), She C-Y (佘春燕), Bai Z-Q (白志强), et al. Sap flow and transpiring water-consumption of Pinus sibiricain differernt diameter classes. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica (西北植物学报), 2016, 36(2): 390-397 (in Chinese)
[31] Li Z-H (李振华), Wang Y-H (王彦辉), Yu P-T (于澎涛), et al. Variation of sap flow density of Larix principis-rupprechtii with dominances and its impact on stand transpiration estimation. Forest Research(林业科学研究), 2015, 28(1): 8-16 (in Chinese)
[32] Xu L-G (徐利岗), Miao Z-W (苗正伟), Du L (杜历), et al. Analysis of variation in and factors influencing sap flow in stems of Lycium barbarum in an arid area. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2016, 36(17): 5519-5527 (in Chinese)
[33] Yang J-W (杨建伟), Han R-L (韩蕊莲), Liu S-M (刘淑明), et al. Transpiration and drought resistance of poplar under different soil drought. Journal of Northwest Forestry University (西北林学院学报), 2004, 19(3): 7-10, 23 (in Chinese)
[34] Liu F-Q (刘凤芹), Chen B (陈波), Gao C (高琛), et al. Effects of precipitation on water use strategy of poplar plantation in sandy area. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment (干旱区资源与环境), 2016, 30(10): 165-170 (in Chinese)
[35] Rowland L, Da Costa A, Galbraith D, et al. Death from drought in tropical forests is triggered by hydraulics not carbon starvation. Nature, 2015, 528: 119-122
[36] Yang J-W (杨建伟), Liang Z-S (梁宗锁), Han R-L (韩蕊莲), et al.Water use efficiency and water consumption characteristics of poplar under soil drought conditions. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 2004, 28(5): 630-636 (in Chinese)
[37] Liu S-M (刘淑明),Wang D-X (王得祥), Sun C-Z (孙长忠), et al. Study of soil water and physiological characteristics of Cedrus deodara under water stress. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica (西北植物学报), 2004, 24(11): 2057-2060 (in Chinese)
[38] Manzoni S, Vico G, Katul G, et al. Optimal plant water use strategies under stochastic rainfall. Water Resources Research, 2014, 50: 5379-5394
[39] Urli M, Porté AJ, Cochard H, et al. Xylem embolism threshold for catastrophic hydraulic failure in angiosperm trees. Tree Physiology, 2013, 33: 672-683

基于稳定同位素和热扩散技术的张北杨树水分关系差异

Difference of water relationships of poplar trees in Zhangbei County, Hebei, China based on stable isotope and thermal dissipation method

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 0

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价