掺混氮肥配施抑制剂对土壤氮库的调控作用

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201911.027

应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (11): 3804-3810.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201911.027

掺混氮肥配施抑制剂对土壤氮库的调控作用

白杨, 杨明, 陈松岭, 朱晓晴, 蒋一飞, 邹洪涛^*, 张玉龙

沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院/农业部东北耕地保育重点实验室/土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室, 沈阳 110866

收稿日期:2018-11-02 出版日期:2019-11-15 发布日期:2019-11-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: zouhongtao2001@163.com
作者简介:白杨, 女, 1995年生, 硕士研究生. 主要从事环境友好型包膜材料和包膜肥料研究. E-mail: baiyang50411@163.com
基金资助:
本文由国家自然科学基金项目(31572206)、国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD23B0203)、辽宁省“百千万人才工程”(2016921066)和辽宁省高等学校创新人才支持计划项目(RC1705580)资助

Effects of the blended nitrogen fertilizers combined with inhibitors on soil nitrogen pools.

BAI Yang, YANG Ming, CHEN Song-ling, ZHU Xiao-qing, JIANG Yi-fei, ZOU Hong-tao^*, ZHANG Yu-long

College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Northeast China), Ministry of Agriculture/National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Shenyang 110866, China

Received:2018-11-02 Online:2019-11-15 Published:2019-11-15
Contact: * E-mail: zouhongtao2001@163.com
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31572206), Natio-nal Key Technology Research and Development Program of China (2015BAD23B0203), Liaoning BaiQianWan Talents Program (2016921066) and Foundation for High-level Talents in Higher Education of Liaoning Province (RC1705580).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用冬小麦盆栽试验,探讨掺混氮肥(缓释肥N∶普通尿素N=1∶1)配施氮肥抑制剂NAM对冬小麦土壤铵态氮、硝态氮、微生物生物量氮和固定态铵含量及小麦产量、氮肥利用率的影响,分析不同处理土壤矿质氮库、微生物生物量氮库和固定态铵库的动态变化特征.试验共设6个处理,不施氮肥(CK)、普通尿素(U)、掺混氮肥(MU)、MU+2.5‰NAM(MUN₁)、MU+5‰NAM(MUN₂)和MU+7.5‰NAM(MUN₃).结果表明:与MU处理相比,MUN₂和MUN₃处理推迟了NH₄⁺-N峰值出现的时间;小麦整个生长季,添加NAM处理的土壤矿质氮平均含量比MU处理下降了5.3%～11.7%;分蘖期至抽穗期,MU处理的微生物生物量氮矿化量和矿化率分别为38.96 mg·kg^-1和91.5%,均高于U处理,而MUN₁、MUN₂和MUN₃处理分别为58.73 mg·kg^-1和83.3%、94.20 mg·kg^-1和94.6%、104.46 mg·kg^-1和96.3%,添加NAM处理固定态铵的释放量比MU处理提高了2.83~9.19 mg·kg^-1.通径分析结果显示,与MU处理相比,添加NAM减弱了土壤NH₄⁺-N库对NO₃^--N库的直接影响,增强了固定态铵库通过影响NH₄⁺-N库对NO₃^--N库的间接作用.同时,MUN₁、MUN₂和MUN₃处理的小麦籽粒产量较MU处理分别提高了31.6%、21.5%和22.9%,氮肥利用率分别提高了8.1%、13.5%和3.1%.综上,配施NAM通过对氮素释放及在土壤中转化的双重调控,延迟土壤NH₄⁺-N峰值出现的时间及后续向NO₃^--N的转化,提高微生物生物量氮和固定态铵的供氮作用,从而提高了作物产量和氮肥利用率.

Abstract: Pot experiment with winter wheat was conducted to investigate the effects of blended nitrogen (N) fertilizer (slow-release fertilizer-N:urea-N=1:1) combined with N fertilizer inhibitor NAM on soil ammonium (NH₄⁺-N), nitrate (NO₃^--N), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) and fixed-ammonium (FN) contents. We analyzed dynamic characteristics of soil mineral N, MBN, FN pools under different treatments. There were six treatments, including no N fertilizer (CK), conventional urea (U), blended N fertilizer (MU), MU plus 2.5‰ NAM (MUN₁), MU plus 5‰ NAM (MUN₂), and MU plus 7.5‰ NAM (MUN₃). Our results showed that, compared to that of MU treatment, MUN₂ and MUN₃ delayed the appearance time of NH₄⁺-N peak. Averaged across the whole wheat growing period, soil mineral N content for NAM treatments decreased by 5.3%-11.7%. From tillering to maturity stage, MBN mineralization and mineralization rates were 38.96 mg·kg^-1and 91.5%, which was higher than that of U treatment; MBN mineralization and mineralization rates for MUN₁, MUN₂ and MUN₃ treatments were 58.73 mg·kg^-1, 83.3%, 94.20 mg·kg^-1, 94.6%, 104.46 mg·kg^-1 and 96.3%, respectively. The FA mineralization release for NAM treatments were higher by 2.83-9.19 mg·kg^-1 than that of MU treatment. The results of path analysis showed that NAM addition weakened the direct effect of soil NH₄⁺-N pool on NO₃^--N pool but enhanced the indirect effects of FN pool on NO₃^--N pool through affecting NH₄⁺-N pool. The wheat grain yields of the MUN₁, MUN₂ and MUN₃ treatments were significantly higher by 31.6%, 21.5% and 22.9% than that of MU treatment. Nitrogen use efficiencies were increased by 8.1%, 13.5% and 3.1%, respectively. In summary, through double regulation for N release and transformation in soil, NAM delayed the appearance time of soil NH₄⁺-N peak and retarded its transformation into NO₃^--N, and increased the roles of MBN and FN in supplying N, thereby increased crop yield and N-fertilizer use efficiency.

白杨, 杨明, 陈松岭, 朱晓晴, 蒋一飞, 邹洪涛, 张玉龙. 掺混氮肥配施抑制剂对土壤氮库的调控作用[J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(11): 3804-3810.

BAI Yang, YANG Ming, CHEN Song-ling, ZHU Xiao-qing, JIANG Yi-fei, ZOU Hong-tao, ZHANG Yu-long. Effects of the blended nitrogen fertilizers combined with inhibitors on soil nitrogen pools.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(11): 3804-3810.

参考文献

[1] Fischer G, Winiwarter W, Ermolieva T, et al. Integra-ted modeling framework for assessment and mitigation of nitrogen pollution from agriculture: Concept and case study for China. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 2010, 136: 116-124
[2] Luan J (栾江), Qiu H-G (仇焕广), Jing Y (井月), et al. Decomposition of factors contributed to the increase of China’s chemical fertilizer use and projections for future fertilizer use in China. Journal of Natural Resources (自然资源学报), 2013, 28(11): 1869-1878 (in Chinese)
[3] Zheng W, Liu Z, Zhang M, et al. Improving crop yields, nitrogen use efficiencies, and profits by using mixtures of coated controlled-released and uncoated urea in a wheat-maize system. Field Crops Research, 2017, 205: 106-115
[4] Wang W (王薇), Li D-P (李东坡), Wang S (王术), et al. Nutrient release and transformation cha-racteristics of slow/controlled release urea fertilizers and response of urease in paddy soil. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation (水土保持学报), 2010, 24(2): 116-118 (in Chinese)
[5] Xiao Q (肖强), Zhang F-D (张夫道), Wang Y-J (王玉军), et al. Effects of slow/controlled release fertilizers felted and coated by nano-materials on nitrogen recovery and loss of crops. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science (植物营养与肥料学报), 2008, 14(4): 779-785 (in Chinese)
[6] He J-Z (贺纪正), Zhang L-M (张丽梅). Key processes and microbial mechanisms of soil nitrogen transformation. Microbiology China (微生物学通报), 2013, 40(1): 98-108 (in Chinese)
[7] Tang Y-X (唐玉霞), Jia S-L (贾树龙), Meng C-X (孟春香), et al. A summary of soil microbial biomass nitrogen. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture (中国生态农业学报), 2002, 10(2): 76-78 (in Chinese)
[8] Wang S-P (王淑平), Zhou G-S (周广胜), Sun C-Z (孙长占), et al. The dynamics of soil microbial biomass nitrogen and its biological availability. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science (植物营养与肥料学报), 2003, 9(1): 87-90 (in Chinese)
[9] Perelo LW, Munch JC. Microbial immobilisation and turnover of ¹³C labelled substrates in two arable soils under field and laboratory conditions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2005, 38: 912-922
[10] Drury CF, Voroney RP, Beauchamp EG. Availability of NH₄⁺-N to microorganisms and the soil internal N cycle. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1991, 23: 165-169
[11] Juang TC, Wang MK, Chen HJ, et al. Ammonium fixation by surface soils and clays. Soil Science, 2001, 166: 345-352
[12] Ma Q (马强). Responses of Fertilizer N Immobilization and Fixation to Inhibitors and Organic Carbon Additions. PhD Thesis. Beijing: Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Scienses, 2015 (in Chinese)
[13] ElmacÖL, Seçer M, Erdemir O, et al. Ammonium fixa-tion properties of some arable soils from the Aegean region of Turkey. European Journal of Agronomy, 2002, 17: 199-208
[14] Kaori M, Naoki M. Dynamics of clay-fixed ammonium as a sink or source of exchangeable ammonium in a paddy soil. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2011, 57: 751-758
[15] Dong Y (董燕), Wang Z-Y (王正银). Effects of slow/controlled release compound fertilizers on the forms of soil nitrogen. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2010, 30(24): 6707-6714 (in Chinese)
[16] Sun L (孙磊). Application effect of NAM fertilizer additive in continuous cropping soybean. Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences (黑龙江农业科学), 2017(6): 21-23 (in Chinese)
[17] Wang L-L (王玲莉), Gu H-J (古慧娟), Shi Y-L (石元亮), et al. Soil nitrogen transformation and corn yield as affected by combination of urea and fertilizer additive NAM in Sanjiang Plain of China. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China (中国土壤与肥料), 2012(2): 34-38 (in Chinese)
[18] Brookes PC, Landman A, Pruden G, et al. Chloroform fumigation and the release of soil nitrogen: A rapid direct extraction method to measure microbial biomass nitrogen in soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1985, 17: 837-842
[19] Silva JA. Determination and isotope-ratio analysis of different forms of nitrogen in soils. 5. Fixed ammonium. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1966, 30: 587
[20] Bao S-D (鲍士旦). Soil and Agrochemistry Analysis. 3^rd. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000 (in Chinese)
[21] Lu R-K (鲁如坤). Chemical Anlysis Method of Agricultural Soil. Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 2000 (in Chinese)
[22] Zhang Y (张炎), Hu W (胡伟), Li Q-J (李青军), et al. Application of stabilized fertilizer additive NAM in processing tomatoes. Rural Science and Techno-logy (农村科技), 2014(11): 34-35 (in Chinese)
[23] Ni X-J (倪秀菊), Li Y-Z (李玉中), Xu C-Y (徐春英), et al. Advance of research on urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor in soil. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin (中国农学通报), 2009, 25(12): 145-149 (in Chinese)
[24] Yao Y-K (姚云柯), Xu W-H (徐卫红), Zhou H (周豪), et al. Effect of special slow release fertilizer containing urease/nitrification inhibitor on nutrient uptake of tomato and soil fertility. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences (西南农业学报), 2018, 31(4): 748-753 (in Chinese)
[25] Johnson DW, Cheng W, Burke IC. Biotic and abiotic nitrogen retention in a variety of forest soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2000, 64: 1503-1514
[26] Lu C, Zhang X, Chen X, et al. Fixation of labeled (¹⁵NH₄)₂SO₄ and its subsequent release in black soil of northeast China over consecutive crop cultivation. Soil and Tillage Research, 2010, 106: 329-334
[27] Jiao X-G (焦晓光), Liang W-J (梁文举), Chen L-J (陈利军), et al. Effects of urease/nitrification inhibitors on soil available N and microbial biomass N and on N uptake of wheat. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2004, 15(10): 1903-1906 (in Chinese)
[28] Juma NG, Paul EA. Effect of a nitrification inhibitor on N immobilization and release of ¹⁵N from nonexchangeable ammonium and microbial biomass. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 1983, 63: 167-175
[29] Trehan SP. Immobilisation of ¹⁵NH₄⁺ in three soils by chemical and biological processes. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1996, 28: 1021-1027
[30] Sandra J, Torgny N, Kerstin HD. Nitrogen compounds in soil solutions of agricultural land. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2010, 42: 2325-2330
[31] Sun A-W (孙爱文), Shi Y-L (石元亮), Zhu Z-F (朱志锋), et al. Effect of combination of thiourea and inhibitors on soil urea-N transformation and corn yield. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science (植物营养与肥料学报), 2005, 11(4): 481-486 (in Chinese)

掺混氮肥配施抑制剂对土壤氮库的调控作用

Effects of the blended nitrogen fertilizers combined with inhibitors on soil nitrogen pools.

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 0

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价