基于Google Earth Engine云平台的甘肃舟曲县生态环境质量动态监测与评价

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202206.036

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 舟曲县地处青藏高原向秦巴山地的过渡区,是长江上游生态屏障的重要组成部分。本研究利用Google Earth Engine云处理平台对1998—2019年Landsat地表反射率图像进行像元间优化重构,计算区域湿度、绿度、干度、热度分量4个指标,利用主成分分析法将分量指标耦合,构建遥感生态指数(RSEI),分析舟曲县生态环境质量的时空变化。结果表明: 4个分量指标对耦合构成的RSEI特征值贡献率均在70%以上,且载荷分布均匀,表明RSEI集成了分量指标绝大部分特征。1998—2019年,舟曲县RSEI在0.55～0.63,呈现增加趋势,增长率为0.04·(10 a)^-1,良好等级的面积增幅明显,增加425.56 km²。海拔≤2200 m区域以中等及中等偏低生态环境质量等级为主,良好生态环境质量等级的面积增加16.5%;海拔2200～3300 m区域生态环境质量以良好等级为主,2019年增至71.3%,中等及以下生态环境质量等级的面积逐年下降;海拔≥3300 m区域以中等生态环境质量等级为主。研究期间,中等及以下生态环境质量等级呈“U”型变化趋势。舟曲县的生态环境质量趋势向好,但也有波动,需继续加强生态环境的保护和治理,以保障生态环境质量的持续改善。

关键词: Google Earth Engine, 遥感生态指数, 主成分分析, 生态环境质量

Abstract: Zhouqu County is located in the transition region from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to the Qinba Mountains, and is an important part of the ecological barrier in the upper stream of the Yangtze River. In this study, we used the Google Earth Engine cloud processing platform to perform inter-image optimal reconstruction of Landsat surface reflectance images from 1998-2019. We calculated four indicators of regional wet, green, dry, and hot. The component indicators were coupled by principal component analysis to construct remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) and to analyze the spatial and temporal variations of ecological environment quality in Zhouqu County. The results showed that the contribution of the four component indicators to the eigenvalues of the coupled RSEI were above 70%, with even distribution of the loadings, indicating that the RSEI integrated most of the features of the component indicators. From 1998 to 2019, the RSEI of Zhouqu County ranged from 0.55 to 0.63, showing an increasing trend with a growth rate of 0.04·(10 a)^-1, and the area of better grade increased by 425.56 km². The area with altitude ≤2200 m was dominated by medium and lower ecological environment quality grade, while the area of better ecological environment quality grade area increased by 16.5%. The ecological and environmental quality of the region from 2200 to 3300 m was dominated by good grades, increasing to 71.3% in 2019, with the area of medium and below ecological and environmental quality grades decreasing year by year. The area with altitude ≥3300 m was dominated by the medium ecological quality grade. The medium and below ecological quality grades showed a “U” shape trend during the study period. The trend of ecological environment quality in Zhouqu County was becoming better, but with fluctuations. It is necessary to continuously strengthen the protection and management of ecological environment in order to guarantee the continuous improvement of ecological environment quality.

Key words: Google Earth Engine, remote sensing based ecological index, principal component analysis, ecological quality

岳奕帆, 陈国鹏, 王立, 杨钧, 杨克彤. 基于Google Earth Engine云平台的甘肃舟曲县生态环境质量动态监测与评价[J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(6): 1608-1614.

YUE Yi-fan, CHEN Guo-peng, WANG Li, YANG Jun, YANG Ke-tong. Dynamic monitoring and evaluation of ecological environment quality in Zhouqu County, Gansu, China based on Google Earth Engine cloud platform[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2022, 33(6): 1608-1614.

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