不同施肥处理对晋南旱塬麦田土壤微生物功能多样性的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202303.014

应用生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 671-678.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202303.014

不同施肥处理对晋南旱塬麦田土壤微生物功能多样性的影响

刘莲莲^1,2, 尚妍萌^1,3, 张杰^1,3*, 李廷亮^1,3, 谢英荷^1,3, 谢钧宇^1,3, 李丽娜^1,3, 洪坚平^1,3

¹山西农业大学资源环境学院, 山西晋中 030801;
²中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100091;
³山西农业大学农业资源与环境国家级实验教学示范中心, 山西晋中 030801

收稿日期:2022-07-05 接受日期:2023-01-10 发布日期:2023-09-15
通讯作者: *E-mail: zhangjzh@sxau.edu.cn
作者简介:刘莲莲, 女, 1997年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事土壤微生物和叶际微生物研究。E-mail: liulianlianshine@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41907215)、山西省优秀博士来晋工作奖励资金科研项目(SXYBKY2018009)和山西农业大学科技创新基金项目(2018YJ24)

Effects of different fertilization treatments on soil microbial functional diversity of dry tableland wheat field in south Shanxi Province.

LIU Lianlian^1,2, SHANG Yanmeng^1,3, ZHANG Jie^1,3*, LI Tingliang^1,3, XIE Yinghe^1,3, XIE Junyu^1,3, LI Li’na^1,3, HONG Jianping^1,3

¹College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, Shanxi, China;
²College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China;
³National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, Shanxi, China

Received:2022-07-05 Accepted:2023-01-10 Published:2023-09-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究不同施肥处理对晋南旱塬麦田土壤微生物功能多样性的影响,可从微生物功能多样性的角度为旱地小麦减肥增产和肥力提升提供理论依据。本研究依托晋南黄土旱塬冬小麦种植区的长期定位试验田,设置秸秆炭(SF)、菌肥(BF)、有机肥(OF)、腐殖酸(HF)、测控施肥(MF)、农户施肥(FF)和不施肥(CK)7种处理,基于Biolog-ECO微平板法,研究了不同施肥处理下晋南旱塬麦田土壤微生物的碳源利用能力和功能多样性的差异。结果表明: 不同施肥处理均能提高黄土旱塬麦田土壤微生物代谢活性和功能多样性,但不同处理的增效不同,SF处理下土壤微生物对碳源的利用最强,能够显著提高土壤微生物对31种碳源的总体利用能力和不同类型碳源的利用能力;SF处理下基于碳源利用的微生物功能多样性、物种丰富度、优势度均显著高于其他5个施肥处理,而其均匀度仅高于BF处理。主成分分析和双向聚类热图分析表明,不同施肥处理对土壤微生物群落代谢功能产生显著影响,SF处理对土壤微生物群落功能多样性有显著促进作用,这种促进作用主要体现在微生物对碳水化合物、羧酸类和氨基酸类碳源的利用上。综上,秸秆炭化还田对晋南旱塬麦田土壤微生物活性有较好的促进作用。

关键词: 晋南旱塬, 施肥处理, Biolog生态微平板, 微生物功能多样性, 秸秆炭

Abstract: Understanding the effects of different fertilization treatments on microbial functional diversity in loess tableland wheat soil in south Shanxi Province can provide the theoretical basis from the perspective of microbial functional diversity for chemical fertilizer reduction, wheat yield increase, and soil fertility improvement in dryland soil. We conducted a long-term field experiment with seven fertilization treatments in winter wheat cultivation area of loess tableland in south Shanxi Province, including straw charcoal fertilizer (SF), bacterial fertilizer (BF), organic fertilizer (OF), humic acid fertilizer (HF), monitoring fertilizer (MF), farmer fertilizer (FF) and no fertilizer (CK). We employed Biolog-ECO microplate technique to investigate the differences of carbon source utilization capacity and functional diversity of soil microorganisms. The results showed that all the fertilization treatments could improve the metabolic activity and functional diversity of soil microbial community. Carbon source utilization was the most efficient in SF, with the overall soil microbial utilization ability of the 31 carbon sources and the utilization ability of different guilds of carbon sources being improved. Functional diversity, richness, and dominance based on microbial carbon sources utilization were significantly higher in SF treatment than that under other five treatments, and the evenness was higher than BF. Results of principal component analysis (PCA) and biclustering heatmap analysis showed that different fertilization treatments had significant effects on the metabolic function of microbial community. SF treatment could promote the functional diversity of soil microbial community, especially for the utilization of carbohydrates, carboxylic acids and amino acids. In conclusion, straw charcoal fertilizer had positive effects on soil microbial activity in wheat soil of loess tableland in south Shanxi Province.

Key words: dry tableland in south Shanxi Province, fertilization practice, Biolog-ECO microplate, microbial functional diversity, straw charcoal

刘莲莲, 尚妍萌, 张杰, 李廷亮, 谢英荷, 谢钧宇, 李丽娜, 洪坚平. 不同施肥处理对晋南旱塬麦田土壤微生物功能多样性的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(3): 671-678.

LIU Lianlian, SHANG Yanmeng, ZHANG Jie, LI Tingliang, XIE Yinghe, XIE Junyu, LI Li’na, HONG Jianping. Effects of different fertilization treatments on soil microbial functional diversity of dry tableland wheat field in south Shanxi Province.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 34(3): 671-678.

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不同施肥处理对晋南旱塬麦田土壤微生物功能多样性的影响

Effects of different fertilization treatments on soil microbial functional diversity of dry tableland wheat field in south Shanxi Province.

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