灌木扩张压力下三江平原沼泽植物群落多样性变化及其土壤控制因子

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202404.001

应用生态学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 1016-1024.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202404.001

灌木扩张压力下三江平原沼泽植物群落多样性变化及其土壤控制因子

孙欣¹, 尹紫良¹, 赵琬婧^2,3, 张治军², 王清波², 蔡体久^1,3, 孙晓新^1,3*

¹东北林业大学林学院, 森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150040;
²黑龙江三江国家级自然保护区管理局, 黑龙江抚远 156500;
³黑龙江三江平原湿地生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 黑龙江抚远 156500

收稿日期:2023-09-18 接受日期:2024-01-31 出版日期:2024-04-18 发布日期:2024-10-18
通讯作者: * E-mail: sunxiaoxin@nefu.edu.cn
作者简介:孙欣, 女, 1996年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事湿地碳氮循环研究。E-mail: arissasun@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32371614)和东北林业大学博士研究生自主创新基金项目(2572022AW03)

Changes in diversity of marsh plant communities under shrub encroachment in Sanjiang Plain and their soil control factors

SUN Xin¹, YIN Ziliang¹, ZHAO Wanjing^2,3, ZHANG Zhijun², WANG Qingbo², CAI Tijiu^1,3, SUN Xiaoxin^1,3*

¹Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management of Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
²Heilongjiang Sanjiang National Nature Reserve Administration, Fuyuan 156500, Heilongjiang, China;
³Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Fuyuan 156500, Heilongjiang, China

Received:2023-09-18 Accepted:2024-01-31 Online:2024-04-18 Published:2024-10-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究基于三江平原沼泽的灌木盖度(a,0≤a≤100%)大小,选取灌木无扩张(a=0)、轻度扩张(0<a≤30%)、中度扩张(30%<a≤70%)和重度扩张(70%<a≤100%)沼泽作为研究对象,探究灌木扩张压力下沼泽植物群落多样性变化及其与土壤控制因子的关系。结果表明: 灌木扩张是沼泽植物群落组成异质性的主要原因。随着灌木的扩张,沼泽中优势种小叶章会逐渐被绣线菊取代,臌囊薹草逐渐消失,而小白花地榆和繸瓣繁缕的重要值则分别显著增加0.8和9.0倍。灌木扩张显著改变了沼泽植物群落多样性,灌木轻度扩张沼泽植物群落α和β多样性水平最高,灌木重度扩张沼泽植物群落Shannon指数和Simpson指数与灌木无扩张沼泽差异不显著,但二者植物群落组成相似度最低。除土壤全磷外,沼泽土壤因子均受灌木扩张的显著影响,土壤水分、有机碳和全氮在灌木重度扩张后分别较无扩张沼泽显著降低32.6%、69.3%和66.1%,而土壤全钾和全镁则显著增加33.8%和40.6%。冗余分析表明,土壤有机碳、水分含量、全氮和N:P是控制灌木扩张压力下沼泽植物群落多样性变化的主要因素。

关键词: 灌木扩张, 植物群落多样性, 三江平原沼泽

Abstract: In this study, we explored the changes in plant community diversity and their relationship with soil factors under shrub encroachment pressure by selecting four marsh areas in Sanjiang Plain with different degrees of shrub cover (a, 0≤a≤100%), including marsh with no shrub encroachment (a=0), light shrub encroachment (0<a≤30%), medium shrub encroachment (30%<a≤70%), and heavy shrub encroachment (70%<a≤100%). The results showed that shrub encroachment was the main reason for the heterogeneity of plant community composition in marsh. With shrub encroachment, the dominant species Deyeuxia angustifolia was replaced by Spiraea salicifolia, whereas Carex schmidtii disappeared. However, the importance values of Sanguisorba tenuifolia and Stellaria radians in the community significantly increased by 0.8- and 9.0-fold, respectively. Shrub encroachment resulted in changes of plant community diversity in marsh. The highest α and β diversity in plant community were observed under light shrub encroachment area, whereas there were no significant differences in Shannon and Simpson indices between heavy and no shrub encroachment areas, despite their similarity in plant community composition was the lowest. All the studied soil factors were significantly affected by shrub encroachment, except total phosphorus. There were significant reductions in soil moisture, organic carbon, and total nitrogen in heavy marsh shrub encroachment area by 32.6%, 69.3%, and 66.1%, respectively compared with that in no marsh shrub encroachment area, whereas soil total potassium and total magnesium significantly increased by 33.8% and 40.6%, respectively. Results of redundancy analysis showed that soil organic carbon, moisture content, total nitrogen, and N:P were the main factors controlling the diversity changes of marsh plant community under shrub encroachment pressure.

Key words: shrub encroachment, plant community diversity, Sanjiang Plain marsh

孙欣, 尹紫良, 赵琬婧, 张治军, 王清波, 蔡体久, 孙晓新. 灌木扩张压力下三江平原沼泽植物群落多样性变化及其土壤控制因子[J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(4): 1016-1024.

SUN Xin, YIN Ziliang, ZHAO Wanjing, ZHANG Zhijun, WANG Qingbo, CAI Tijiu, SUN Xiaoxin. Changes in diversity of marsh plant communities under shrub encroachment in Sanjiang Plain and their soil control factors[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2024, 35(4): 1016-1024.

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灌木扩张压力下三江平原沼泽植物群落多样性变化及其土壤控制因子

Changes in diversity of marsh plant communities under shrub encroachment in Sanjiang Plain and their soil control factors

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