利用eDNA技术分析马鞍列岛海藻场表层沉积物中大型海藻的组成

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202501.035

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 大型海藻死亡或脱落后通过碎屑的形式最终沉积进入海底,追踪它们的分布对于了解海藻对沉积物的贡献至关重要。为确定沉积物中大型海藻的种类组成和分布,本研究采用环境DNA技术分析了马鞍列岛海洋特别保护区4个典型岛礁海域东绿华(DLH)、西绿华(XLH)、鳗头山(MTS)和鳗对山(MDS)的表层沉积物。在沉积物样品中共检测出大型藻类18目,其中红藻门13目21科23属,褐藻门5目5科5属,在科分类水平上,以珊瑚藻科、混石藻科、网地藻科和马尾藻科占优势,大型藻类操作分类单元(OTU)序列数占沉积物样本OTU序列数的37.2%。非度量多维尺度排序(NMDS)和相似性分析(ANOSIM)表明,不同站位沉积物中大型藻类的组成相似。研究表明,红藻是该海域沉积物中的优势藻类,沉积物中的大型藻类组成符合海藻场海藻分布特征,eDNA技术在分析沉积物中大型海藻的组成上具有一定的可行性,可以为大型海藻的多样性监测和藻场生态保护管理提供数据支持。

关键词: 马鞍列岛, 海藻场, 沉积物, 大型海藻, eDNA技术

Abstract: Macroalgae contribute to the seafloor sediments as detritus when they die or detach. Tracking the distribution of macroalgae is crucial to understanding their contribution to seafloor sediments. To assess species composition and distribution of macroalgae in sediments, we used environmental DNA (eDNA) technology to analyze surface sediments from four typical island waters, including Ma’an Archipelago Special Marine Protected Area, eas-tern Lyuhua (DLH), western Lyuhua (XLH), Mantou Mountain (MTS), and Mandui Mountain (MDS). A total of 18 orders of macroalgae were recorded in the sediment samples, including 13 orders, 21 families, and 23 genera of red algae species and 5 orders, 5 families, and 5 genera of brown algae species. At the family level, Corallinaceae, Hapalidiaceae, Dictyotaceae, and Sargassaceae were the dominant ones. The number of OTU sequences of macroalgae accounted for 37.2% of the total in the sediment samples. Results of non-metric multidimensional sca-ling sorting (NMDS) and analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) showed that the composition of macroalgae was consis-tent across different areas. The results indicated that red algae were the dominant algae in the sediments, consistent with the distribution characteristics of seaweeds. eDNA technology was feasible for analyzing the composition of macroalgae in sediments, providing valuable data for monitoring macroalgal diversity and supporting the ecological ma-nagement of seaweed farm protection.

Key words: Ma’an Archipelago, seaweed bed, sediment, macroalgae, eDNA technology

邹俏, 王凯, 王玉清. 利用eDNA技术分析马鞍列岛海藻场表层沉积物中大型海藻的组成[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(1): 303-310.

ZOU Qiao, WANG Kai, WANG Yuqing. Assessing macroalgae composition in surface sediments of the Ma’an Archipelago seaweed field based on eDNA technology[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(1): 303-310.

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