基于松弛涡旋累积法的内陆水体CH4通量观测

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202605.036

应用生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 1665-1674.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202605.036

基于松弛涡旋累积法的内陆水体CH₄通量观测

张神宝^1,2, 张弥^1,2*, 何洋³, 肖薇^1,2, 贾磊⁴, 罗世纪^1,2, 乔珩^1,2, 石婕^1,2, 杨甫禹^1,2, 葛培^1,2, 杨钟昊^1,2

¹南京信息工程大学大气环境中心, 南京 210044;
²南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院, 南京 210044;
³辽宁省生态气象和卫星遥感中心, 沈阳 110166;
⁴江苏省气象探测中心, 南京 210044

收稿日期:2025-11-22 接受日期:2026-03-25 出版日期:2026-05-18 发布日期:2026-11-18
通讯作者: * E-mail: zhangm.80@nuist.edu.cn
作者简介:张神宝, 男, 2000年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事内陆水体温室气体循环研究。E-mail: 1736375552@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42021004)和江苏省杰出青年基金项目(BK20220055)

Observations of CH₄ flux from inland waters based on the relaxed eddy accumulation method.

ZHANG Shenbao^1,2, ZHANG Mi^1,2*, HE Yang³, XIAO Wei^1,2, JIA Lei⁴, LUO Shiji^1,2, QIAO Heng^1,2, SHI Jie^1,2, YANG Fuyu^1,2, GE Pei^1,2, YANG Zhonghao^1,2

¹NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
²School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
³Liaoning Ecological Meteorology and Satellite Remote Sensing Center, Shenyang 110166, China;
⁴Jiangsu Province Meteorological Observation Center, Nanjing 210044, China

Received:2025-11-22 Accepted:2026-03-25 Online:2026-05-18 Published:2026-11-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 内陆水体是重要的CH₄排放源,准确观测CH₄通量是定量评估其排放量的关键。松弛涡旋累积法(REA)是利用一段时间内气流向上、向下时的气体浓度差、垂直风速标准差(σ_w)与经验系数b值计算物质通量的方法。本研究利用大型水体太湖的中尺度通量观测网络的东太湖站(DTH站)和安徽官渡小型水体养殖塘(GD站)基于涡度相关方法(EC)得到的观测数据,利用REA法中物理量之间的相似性,采用“代理变量法”,在确定最优代理变量的基础上,采用同步b值、固定b值(包括平均值、中位数、拟合斜率)和修正b值3类5种方法确定REA中的经验系数b,并最终得到CH₄通量,探究REA法在内陆大、小水体CH₄通量观测中的适用性,并明确关键系数b的最优取值。结果表明:在两个站点所有通量结果的b值中,水汽通量b值的离散性均最小,适合作为REA法的最优代理变量。水汽通量b值的四分位距(第三与第一四分位点之差)随垂直风速阈值(w_d)的增大呈现先减小后增大的趋势,本文将w_d设定为σ_w的0.4倍。通过与EC观测的CH₄通量比较,在DTH站,固定b值平均值与固定b值中位数计算的CH₄通量表现最优;在GD站,通过固定b值拟合斜率计算CH₄通量表现最优;DTH站、GD站的最优b值分别为0.443、0.500。两个站点基于REA法得到的CH₄通量与EC法得到的CH₄通量具有良好的一致性,说明REA法适用于内陆水体下垫面CH₄通量的观测。一般情况下,大型水体的b值小于小型水体。

关键词: 松弛涡旋累积法, 内陆水体, CH₄通量, 经验系数

Abstract: Inland water bodies are important CH₄ sources. The accurate observation of CH₄ fluxes is key to quantitatively assessing emissions. The relaxed eddy accumulation (REA) method is a technique for calculating material fluxes using the differences of gas concentration in upward and downward air movements over a period, the standard deviation of vertical wind speed (σ_w), and an empirical coefficient b. We utilized observation data obtained with the eddy covariance (EC) method at the East Taihu Lake site (DTH site) of the mesoscale flux observation network in the large water body of Lake Taihu and the Guandu small water body aquaculture pond site (GD site) in Anhui. By leveraging the similarity between physical quantities in the REA method and adopting the “proxy variable method”, three types of five methods, including synchronous b-value, fixed b-value (including mean, median, and fitted slope), and corrected b-value, were used to determine the empirical coefficient b in REA on the basis of determining the optimal proxy variable, and ultimately obtain CH₄ flux. We assessed the applicability of the REA method for observing CH₄ fluxes in large and small inland water bodies and clarified the optimal of the key coefficient b. The results showed that among the b-values for all flux results at both sites, the b-value for water vapor flux exhibited the smallest dispersion, making it suitable as the optimal proxy variable for the REA method. The interquartile range (the difference between the third and first quartiles) of the water vapor flux b-value showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increase of the vertical wind speed threshold (w_d). In this study, w_d was set to 0.4 times σ_w. Compared with CH₄ fluxes observed by the EC method, at the DTH site, CH₄ fluxes calculated using the fixed b-value mean and fixed b-value median performed best. At the GD site, CH₄ fluxes calculated using the fixed b-value fitted slope performed best. The optimal b-values for the DTH and GD sites were 0.443 and 0.500, respectively. CH₄ fluxes obtained by the REA method at both sites showed good consistency with those obtained by the EC method, indicating that the REA method is applicable for observing CH₄ fluxes over inland water underlying surfaces. Generally, the b-value of large water bodies is smaller than that of small water bodies.

Key words: relaxed eddy accumulation method, inland water, methane flux, experience coefficient

张神宝, 张弥, 何洋, 肖薇, 贾磊, 罗世纪, 乔珩, 石婕, 杨甫禹, 葛培, 杨钟昊. 基于松弛涡旋累积法的内陆水体CH₄通量观测[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(5): 1665-1674.

ZHANG Shenbao, ZHANG Mi, HE Yang, XIAO Wei, JIA Lei, LUO Shiji, QIAO Heng, SHI Jie, YANG Fuyu, GE Pei, YANG Zhonghao. Observations of CH₄ flux from inland waters based on the relaxed eddy accumulation method.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(5): 1665-1674.

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基于松弛涡旋累积法的内陆水体CH₄通量观测

Observations of CH₄ flux from inland waters based on the relaxed eddy accumulation method.

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