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应用生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (8): 2845-2850.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.012

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    

南方山区小流域现代循环农业体系发展现状与优化对策

陈华1,3, 施龙清2, 林怡3, 叶菁3, 王义祥3, 刘朋虎4, 翁伯琦3*   

  1. 1福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 福州 350013;
    2福建省农业科学院水稻研究所, 福州 350019;
    3福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室, 福州 350013;
    4福建农林大学国家菌草工程技术研究中心, 福州 350012
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-22 修回日期:2026-07-01 出版日期:2026-08-18 发布日期:2027-02-18
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: wengboqi@163.com
  • 作者简介:陈 华, 男, 1976年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事作物栽培育种与循环农业技术研究。E-mail: fjch1976@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    福建省科技厅农业引导性项目(2022N0020)

Spatial correlation network characteristics and influencing factors of urban ecological vulnerability in the Yellow River Basin, China

CHEN Hua1,3, SHI Longqing2, LIN Yi3, YE Jing3, WANG Yixiang3, LIU Penghu4, WENG Boqi3*   

  1. 1Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China;
    2Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350019, China;
    3Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Red Soil Mountainous Areas of Fujian Pro-vince, Fuzhou 350013, China;
    4National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350012, China
  • Received:2025-12-22 Revised:2026-07-01 Online:2026-08-18 Published:2027-02-18

摘要: 小流域作为山区生态治理与农业发展的基本单元,兼具完整生态系统结构与独立生态经济功能,将循环农业与小流域水土流失治理相结合,可实现生态效益与经济效益的协同发展。然而,受复杂地形、生态条件等制约,南方山区小流域循环农业体系仍存在种养循环链路不完善、生态效应定量评估不足、关键技术适应性弱、政策机制协同性欠缺、多学科交叉研究匮乏等问题,限制了其系统集成与规模化推广。本研究基于循环经济理论与可持续发展目标,梳理了南方山区小流域循环农业体系的发展现状,包括水土流失综合治理与生态农业结合、种养结合与废弃物资源化利用、农林复合系统构建、特色产业与生态旅游融合四大应用方向;深入剖析其面临的生态环境脆弱、技术与模式标准不完善、经济投入与市场机制制约、管理协同与人才匮乏等挑战;进而从技术创新、生态保护与修复、产业融合、政策支持与组织模式创新等方面提出优化对策,旨在为构建适应南方山区特点的循环农业体系,实现农业开发与生态保护和谐发展提供理论支撑与实践参考。

关键词: 循环农业体系, 小流域, 可持续发展, 农业资源优化, 现代化

Abstract: Small watersheds are the fundamental units for ecological governance and agricultural development in mountainous regions, possessing an intact ecosystem structure and independent eco-economic functions. Integrating circular agriculture with soil and water erosion control at the small watershed scale can realize the coordinated advancement of ecological and economic benefits. Constrained by complex terrain and fragile ecological conditions, the circular agricultural systems in small watersheds of southern China mountainous areas are plagued by multiple bottlenecks, including incomplete planting-breeding circulation chains, insufficient quantitative evaluation of ecological effects, poor adaptability of core technologies, insufficient coordination of policies and mechanisms, and a shortage of interdisciplinary research. These constraints hinder the systematic integration and large-scale popularization of such systems. Based on circular economy theories and sustainable development goals, we analyzed the deve-lopment status of circular agricultural systems in small watersheds of southern China mountainous areas, covering four major dimensions: the integration of comprehensive soil and water erosion control with ecological agriculture, the combination of planting-breeding production and agricultural waste resource utilization, the construction of agroforestry compound systems, and the integrated development of characteristic industries and eco-tourism. We further analyzed the prevailing challenges, such as fragile eco-environments, imperfect technical and model standards, restrictions from capital investment and market mechanisms, as well as insufficient administrative coordination and professional talents. We then proposed corresponding optimization countermeasures from four dimensions: technological innovation, ecological conservation and restoration, industrial integration, and policy support plus organizational model innovation. This would provide a theoretical basis and practical references for constructing circular agricultural systems tailored to the characteristics of southern China mountainous areas and achieving harmonious development between agricultural exploitation and ecological protection.

Key words: circular agricultural system, small watershed, sustainable development, agricultural resource optimization, modernization