氮和磷在饲养-堆腐环中的循环率及有机肥料养分利用率

应用生态学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (8): 1563-1565.

氮和磷在饲养-堆腐环中的循环率及有机肥料养分利用率

宇万太¹, 关焱^1,2, 李建东², 张璐¹, 马强¹

1. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016;
2. 沈阳农业大学, 沈阳 110161

收稿日期:2005-01-26 修回日期:2005-05-23 出版日期:2005-08-15 发布日期:2005-08-15
通讯作者: 宇万太,男,1964年生,研究员.主要从事农业生态系统物质循环研究,已发表文章50余篇.E-mail:wtyu@iae.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX2-413-4)、中国科学院资源环境领域野外台站基金和中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所知识创新工程资助项目(SCXMS0301).

Recycling rate of N and P through a feeding-composting cycle and their recoveries in agro-ecosystems

YU Wantai¹, GUAN Yan^1,2, LI Jiandong², ZHANG Lu¹, MA Qiang ¹

1. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
2. Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China

Received:2005-01-26 Revised:2005-05-23 Online:2005-08-15 Published:2005-08-15

摘要/Abstract

Abstract: A five-year experiment indicated that the average loss rate of N and P in harvested products through a feeding-composting cycle was about 50% and 15%,respectively.Under high yield condition,the amount of recycled N and P from 80% harvested products and through a feeding-composting cycle in farming systems was about 37～51 and 8～14 kg·hm^-2,equivalent to 25%～34% of N and 32%～56% of P from chemical fertilizers applied each year to the systems.The apparent recoveries of N and P in organic manure increased with the prolongation of fertilization,indicating a synergetic residual effect existed,and was 61% and 39% in average in the five-year experiment.The use of nutrients recycled in the farming systems could not only improve soil fertility,but also increase the recoveries of nutrients and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers.

Key words: Feeding-composting system, Recycling rate, Recoveries of N and P in organic manure

中图分类号:

Q945.1

宇万太, 关焱, 李建东, 张璐, 马强. 氮和磷在饲养-堆腐环中的循环率及有机肥料养分利用率[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(8): 1563-1565.

YU Wantai, GUAN Yan, LI Jiandong, ZHANG Lu, MA Qiang . Recycling rate of N and P through a feeding-composting cycle and their recoveries in agro-ecosystems[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(8): 1563-1565.

参考文献

[1] Foth HD.1978.Fundamentals of Soil Science(6th ed).New York:John Wiley and Sons.141
[2] Han C-R(韩纯儒),Liu T-B(刘铁斌),Cheng X(程序).1988.The role of animal husbandry in an agro ecosystem-Systems analysis of Doudian animal husbandry.Acta Ecol Sin(生态学报),8(4):311～317(in Chinese)
[3] He D-Y(何电源),Liao X-L(廖先苓),Zhou W-J(周卫军).1994.Efficiency and transformation of 15 N-labelled green manure after feeding pig and applying to paddy field.Acta Pedol Sin(土壤学报),31(3):277～285(in Chinese)
[4] He D-Y(何电源),Xing T-R(邢廷锐),Zhou W-J(周卫军).1993.Transformation and utilization of N and C in 15N-labelled rice straw by goat.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),4(2):161～166(in Chinese)
[5] Jenkinson DS.1981.The fate of plant and animal residual in soil.In:Greenland DJ,eds.Chemistry of Soil Processes.New York:John Wiley and Sons.505～561
[6] Liu H-X(刘鸿翔),Wang D-L(王德禄),Zhang S-J(张素君).1994.Comparative study on the agriculture management systems in the black soil region of Songhuajiang River-Nenjiang River Plain of Northeast China.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),5(2):148～151(in Chinese)
[7] Lu M-Y(卢明远),Guo X-Y(郭秀银),Liang W-J(梁文举).1993.Volatilization loss of NH₄ +-N from methane-generating manure in rural households and its prevention measures.Chin J Ecol(生态学杂志),12(2):41～42(in Chinese)
[8] Mercik S,Nemeth K.1985.Effects of 60-year N,P,K and Ca fertilization on EUF-nutrient fractions in the soil and on yields of rye and potato crops.Plant Soil,83(1):151～159
[9] Mo S-X(莫淑勋).1992.Phosphorus in organic manures and its effects on phosphorus fertility of soils.Adv Pedol(土壤学进展),20(3):1～9(in Chinese)
[10] Mo S-X(莫淑勋),Qian J-F(钱菊芳),Qian C-L(钱承梁).1991.Studies on phosphorus of organic manures and its reutilization.Acta Pedol Sin(土壤学报),28(3):309～315(in Chinese)
[11] Shen S-M(沈善敏).1998.Fertility of China Soils.Beijing:China Agriculture Press.(in Chinese)
[12] Shen S-M(沈善敏),Yin X-Y(殷秀岩),Zhang L(张璐).1992.Residual effect of phosphorus fertilizer and phosphorus recycling in a farming system I.Phosphorus uptake by crops,residual effect of phosphorus fertilizer and changes of soil available phosphorus.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),3(2):138～143(in Chinese)
[13] Sommerfeldt TG,Chang C,Entz T.1998.Long-term annual applications increase soil organic matter and nitrogen and decrease carbon to nitrogen ratio.Soil Sci Soc Am J,52(6):1668～1672
[14] Sommers LE,Sutton AL.1980.Use of waste materials as sources of phosphorus.In:Khasawneh,eds.The Role of Phosphorus in Agriculture.Madison,WI:Am.Soc.Agroo.515～538
[15] Sun C-S(孙聪姝),Wang Z-R(王兆荣),Jin M-H(金明花),et al.1998.The sustainable effect of fertilizing maters on soil nitrogen content during fertility exhausting stage of long-term location test.J Northeast Agric Univ(东北农业大学学报),29(3):209～218(in Chinese)
[16] Sun C-S(孙聪姝),Zhang Y-X(张玉先),Zhou D-X(周东兴),et al.1998.The study on sustainable effect of different fertilizing materials on soil phosphorus storage at exhaust stage of long-term location test.J Northeast Agric Univ(东北农业大学学报),29(4):321～329(in Chinese)
[17] Wu S-M(吴珊眉),Ni M-J(倪苗娟).1990.Transferring and cycling of organic and inorganic nitrogen in micro-agroecosystem.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),1(1):67～74(in Chinese)
[18] Yin X-Y(殷秀岩),Zhang L(张璐),Yu W-T(宇万太),et al.1992.Residual effect of phosphorus fertilizer and phosphorus recycling in a farming system Ⅲ.Recycling rate of N and P in feed stuffs and bedding materials through a feeding-composting cycle and recoveries of N and P in organic mature.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),3(3):236～239(in Chinese)
[19] YunW-T(宇万太),ZhangL(张璐),ChenX(陈欣),et al.2000.Recycling rate of N and P in feed stuffs and bedding materials through a feeding-composting cycle and use efficiency of N and P in organic manure in low reach of Liaohe River Plain.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),11(supp.):1～4(in Chinese)
[20] Zhang Y-X(张玉先),Yu G-F(余国锋),Wang Y-J(王艳杰),et al.2001.The sustainable effects of different fertilizing materials on fertility of black soil.J Heilongjiang Aug Fir Land Recl Univ(黑龙江八一农垦大学学报),13(1):12～16(in Chinese)
[21] Zeng J-H(曾江海),Wang S-R(王绍仁),Zhang Y-M(张玉铭),et al.1993.Nitrogen and phosphorus cycling and nutrient use efficiency improvement in agriculture and animal husbandry ecosystem.Eco-Agric Res(生态农业研究),1(4):37～42(in Chinese)