Abstract: In order to explore the relationship between the taxonomic diversity of plant communities’ and environmental factors in Pangquangou Nature Reserve, Shanxi Province, 33 stands of the plant communities and environmental information were investigated, respectively. Moreover, the taxonomic variability index (Λ⁺) and the average taxonomic differences index (Δ⁺) of the communities were analyzed as well as the relationships between Λ⁺ and Δ⁺ with environmental factors were discussed. The results showed that the average values of Λ⁺ and Δ⁺ were 270 and 76.5, respectively.  Λ⁺ was negatively correlated with altitude and slope, Δ⁺ and latitude had a significant positive correlation, and  Δ⁺ and slope had a significant negative correlation. Based on the distributions of the 33 stands in the confidence funnel, the plant communities had a higher taxonomic diversity in Pangquangou Nature Reserve, which resulted from that the plant resources and eco-environment had been effectively conserved with little disturbance from human activities since the establishment of the nature reserve for more than 30 years.