祁连山青海云杉林群落结构的空间异质性

应用生态学报

祁连山青海云杉林群落结构的空间异质性

赵维俊^1,2,3,刘贤德^1,2,3**,敬文茂^1,2,3,徐丽恒⁴,牛赟^2,3,齐鹏^2,5,赵永宏¹

(¹甘肃农业大学林学院, 兰州 730070; ²甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院甘肃省森林生态与冻土水文水资源重点实验室, 甘肃张掖 734000; ^3甘肃张掖生态科学研究院甘肃省祁连山生态科技创新服务平台, 甘肃张掖 734000; ⁴庆阳市林业局, 甘肃庆阳 745000; ⁵ 甘肃农业大学资源环境学院, 兰州 730070)

出版日期:2015-09-18 发布日期:2015-09-18

Spatial heterogeneity of community structure of Picea crassifolia forest in Qilian Mountains, China.

ZHAO Wei-jun^1,2,3, LIU Xian-de^1,2,3, JING Wen-mao^1,2,3, XU Li-heng⁴, NIU Yun^2,3, QI Peng^2,5, ZHAO Yong-hong^1

(¹College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; ²Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Hydrology and Water Resources of Forest Ecology and Frozen Soil, Gansu Academy of Water Resources Conservation Forests in Qilian Mountains, Zhangye 734000, Gansu, China; ³Gansu Province Science and Technology Innovation Service Platform of Ecology in Qilian Mountains, Zhangye Academy of Ecology Science, Zhangye 734000, Gansu, China; ^4Forestry Bureau of Qingyang City, Qingyang 745000, Gansu, China; ⁵College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China)

Online:2015-09-18 Published:2015-09-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以动态监测样地(340 m×300 m)的网格(5 m×5 m)为基本单元,选择5个群落结构属性变量,采用分形几何学和地统计学方法对祁连山大野口流域青海云杉林群落结构的空间异质性进行研究.结果表明: 青海云杉林5个结构属性的变异程度大小依次为:密度＞平均冠幅＞显著度＞盖度＞平均树高,变异系数为43.7%～79.6%.Moran I系数表明,各个结构属性均有不同程度的空间自相关性,自相关大小顺序为:密度＞平均树高＞盖度＞平均冠幅＞显著度,变化范围为-0.047～0.382.指数理论变异函数模型能很好地拟合不同结构属性的空间变异,变程为24.6～68.1 m,各属性变量的结构比除盖度表现为中等空间相关,其他指标均为强烈空间相关,各属性指标分维数接近2,空间依赖性较小.植被密度和盖度空间分布呈带状结构和斑块结构叠加的特点,其他指标呈较强的斑块状空间结构,密度和盖度对平均冠幅、显著度和平均树高有一定的空间依赖性.青海云杉林群落结构空间异质性适宜的采样间隔和采样面积分别为10 m和0.5 hm².

Abstract: We selected the grid of 5 m × 5 m in a dynamic monitoring plot (340 m × 300 m) as the sampling unites and chose 5 structural characteristics (density, average crown breadth, coverage, conspicuousness and average height) to study the spatial heterogeneity of community structure of Picea crassifolia forest in Dayekou Basin of Qilian Mountains by the fractal geometry and geostatistics methods. The results showed that the order of spatial variation in these characteristics was: density > average crown breadth > conspicuousness > coverage > average height, with the variation coefficient ranging from 43.7% to 79.6%. Moran’s I index indicated that the structural variables had different degrees of spatial autocorrelation, and the order of autocorrelation was density > average height> coverage > average crown breadth > conspicuousness, with the range of -0.047-0.382. The exponential semivariation model well fitted the spatial variability in different structural features, and the range was 24.6-68.1 m. The variables displayed moderate spatial autocorrelation except for coverage, while the other variables had strong spatial autocorrelation, and the fractal dimension of the variables was close to 2, indicating a low spatial dependence among variables. The variables presented a superposing characteristic of zonal and patchy structures except for density and coverage, while the other variables presented strong patchiness property. Density and coverage had a certain spatial dependence on average crown breadth, conspicuousness and average height. Density and coverage for the spatial heterogeneity of community structural of P. crassifolia forests were 10 m and 0.5 hm², respectively.

赵维俊1,2,3,刘贤德1,2,3**,敬文茂1,2,3,徐丽恒4,牛赟2,3,齐鹏2,5,赵永宏1. 祁连山青海云杉林群落结构的空间异质性[J]. 应用生态学报.

ZHAO Wei-jun1,2,3, LIU Xian-de1,2,3, JING Wen-mao1,2,3, XU Li-heng4, NIU Yun2,3, QI Peng2,5, ZHAO Yong-hong1. Spatial heterogeneity of community structure of Picea crassifolia forest in Qilian Mountains, China.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.