自然保护地游客管理研究进展与启示

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202509.025

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在生态保护日益紧迫与旅游业持续发展的双重背景下,自然保护地的游客管理已成为协调自然保护地保护与发展的关键议题。本文采用文献计量分析与内容分析相结合的方法,系统总结了自然保护地游客管理的研究进展,并梳理了自然保护地游客管理的研究框架与重点方向。自然保护地游客管理相关研究数量整体呈波动上升态势,呈现明显的学科交叉特征,主要聚焦游客行为管理、游客影响管理、游客体验管理、游客容量管理以及游客管理框架与评估5个方面。研究视角逐步从游客容量、生态影响、行为模式等单一维度向综合考虑生态环境、社会和管理制度等多维度转变,软性引导策略的应用日益突出。同时,地理大数据、数字成像等技术的应用使游客时空行为模式研究和监测管理更加精准化。未来可在跨文化与跨地域的游客群体异质性研究、长时序动态分析方法的应用等方面进一步探讨,以期为提升中国自然保护地的游客管理水平提供经验借鉴及理论支持。

关键词: 自然保护地, 游客管理, 国家公园, 旅游, 综述

Abstract: Under the background of increasingly urgent ecological conservation and the continuous growth of tourism, visitor management in protected areas has become a critical issue for balancing conservation and development. We employed a combination of bibliometric analysis and content analysis to systematically summarize the research progress on visitor management in protected areas. We attempted to outline the research framework and key focus areas of visitor management in protected areas. The number of studies within this topic showed a fluctuating upward trend, with evident interdisciplinary characteristics. There are five hot topics in this area: visitor behavior management, impact management, experience management, carrying capacity management, and management frameworks and evaluations. The perspective of research gradually shifted from single dimensions, such as carrying capacity, ecological impact, and behavior patterns, to a multidimensional approach that comprehensively considers environmental, social, and institutional factors, with emphasis on the application of soft guidance strategies. Meanwhile, the use of geospatial big data, digital imaging, and other technologies enhanced the precision of studies on visitor spatiotemporal behavior patterns and monitoring management. Future research should further explore the heterogeneity of visitor groups across cultures and regions, as well as the application of long-term dynamic analysis methods, to provide valuable insights and theoretical support for improving visitor management in protected areas of China.

Key words: protected area, visitor management, national park, tourism, review

徐琳琳, 钟林生, 张鹏飞. 自然保护地游客管理研究进展与启示[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(9): 2899-2907.

XU Linlin, ZHONG Linsheng, ZHANG Pengfei. Research progress and implications of visitor management in protected areas[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(9): 2899-2907.

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