西南喀斯特关键带水文过程与植被的相互作用

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202601.031

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 西南喀斯特地区具有地表土壤层浅薄、地下基岩裂隙和岩溶管道广布的异质性结构特征,其复杂的地表-地下二元结构特征与生态水文过程显著区别于其他地貌类型区。由于缺乏植被-土壤-岩石复合结构空间多变性及对其入渗产流过程的系统了解,关键带植被与水文过程的相互作用机制仍不清晰。本文从关键带结构表征、多界面水文过程解析、植物水分利用及生态水文效应等方面系统梳理了当前研究的主要进展和挑战。提出未来应以植被-土壤-表层岩溶带系统生态水文过程研究为核心,解析植被与岩土组合生境的空间特征及其对多界面水文过程的调控机理,阐释水文过程对植被演替的驱动及反馈作用,明确不同尺度植被恢复的生态水文效应,为西南喀斯特区植被恢复稳定性提高和生态重建成效科学评估体系构建提供支撑。

关键词: 喀斯特关键带, 水文过程, 表层岩溶带, 植被水分利用, 生态水文

Abstract: In the karst region of Southwest China, surface soil layer is shallow and discontinuous, coupled with the concealment, complexity, and high heterogeneity of underground fracture structure, making the hydrological processes significantly different from other types of landforms. Due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of the impact of spatial variability in the vegetation-soil-rock composite structure on infiltration and runoff generation, the interaction mechanisms between vegetation and hydrological processes in the critical zone are unclear. We systematically reviewed the main advancements and challenges in current research from three aspects: the characterization of critical zone, analysis of multi-interface runoff processes, as well as plant water use strategies and their eco-hydrological effects. Future research should focus on the eco-hydrological processes of the continuum of vegetation-soil-epikarst system. This includes analyzing the spatial characteristics of vegetation-rock-soil and their regulatory mecha-nisms on multi-interface hydrological processes, elucidating the driving and feedback effects of hydrological processes on vegetation succession, and clarifying the eco-hydrological effects of vegetation restoration at different scales. These works would provide a scientific basis for enhancing the stability of vegetation restoration and establish a scientific evaluation system for its effectiveness in the karst region of Southwest China..

Key words: Karst critical zone, hydrological process, epikarst, plant water use, eco-hydrology

陈洪松, 张君, 连晋姣, 罗紫东, 王发, 刘文娜, 刘叶叶. 西南喀斯特关键带水文过程与植被的相互作用[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(1): 1-14.

CHEN Hongsong, ZHANG Jun, LIAN Jinjiao, LUO Zidong, WANG Fa, LIU Wenna, LIU Yeye. Interactions between hydrological processes and vegetation in Karst critical zone, Southwest China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(1): 1-14.

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